Kelompok 5

Endra Wahyudha Pratama 08.2020.1.90267

Nur Aini Rahma 08.2018.1.01835

Suatu kolom distilasi

diameter luar (𝑑𝑜) = 7 ft to inch 84
tinggi = 160 ft
tebal isolasi = 3 inch
densitas isolasi = 50 lb/ft³
tinggi penyangga (bentuk selubung) = 10 ft
jumlah total tray = 76 buah
penyangga tray (equal angel) = 2.5 x 2.5 x 3/8 inch
tinggi ruang liquid = 6 ft
tinggi ruang gas = 4 ft

Kelengkapan lainnya
a
pipa uap 12 inch sch 60, dari ujung kolom menuju di 12 in
condenser
b
pipa reflux 12 ich.IPS.sch 60 dari acumulator ke tray
teratas
c
pipa feed masuk pada tray 36 dari tray teratas, 12
inch.IPS.Sch 80
d pipa reboiler 12 inch.IPS.Sch.60
semua pipa tersebut di atas dilengkapi isolasi setebal
3 inch
e
Plat form bentuk lingkaran di bagian atas kolom dan di
bagian feed masuk kolom
f tangga berkurung

- tekanan pada saat operasi (𝑝𝑖) = 60 psig (lbf/in²)

- temperature operasi 350 degF

(𝑓) Grade M Tyepe 316, densitas 490 lb/ft³

- matrial SA.240 = 17500 lb/in²
- faktor korosi (𝐶) = 0.125 inch
- densitas material = 490 lb/ft3
- pengelasan double welded butt joint (𝐸) = 0.85
- tekanan angin setempat (𝑃𝑤) 35 lb/ft²
derah gempa zona 2

-
Dari data tersebut desainlah dimensi courses, jika kolom hanya ada 4 courses dan tebal courses ke 4
dibatasi hanya 9/16 inch, serta cek hasilnya dngan stres karena gempa
 Perhitungan Courses 1
- Menghitung ts₁
〖𝑡𝑠〗 _1=(𝑝𝑖×𝑑𝑜)/(2(𝑓.𝐸−0.4.𝑝𝑖))+𝐶=(60𝑙𝑏𝑓/ 〖𝑖𝑛〗 ^2×84𝑖𝑛)/(2(17500𝑙𝑏/
〖𝑖𝑛〗 ^2×0.8−0.4×60𝑙𝑏𝑓/ 〖𝑖𝑛〗 ^2))+0.125in
〖𝑡𝑠〗 _1= 0.294549 (5/16 in) 0.3125 in

𝑑𝑖=𝑑𝑜−(2×𝑡𝑠)
𝑑𝑖=84𝑖𝑛−(2×0.3125 𝑖𝑛)
𝑑𝑖= 83.375 in

- stress karena operasi

𝑝=(𝑝𝑖×𝑑𝑖)/(4( 〖𝑡𝑠〗 _1−𝐶))=(60𝑙𝑏𝑓/ 〖𝑖𝑛〗 ^2×83.375𝑖𝑛)/(4(0.3125𝑖𝑛−0.125𝑖𝑛))

𝑓𝑎𝑝= 6670 lb/in²

- stres karena angin

𝑓𝑤𝑥=(2.𝑃𝑤.𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑓.𝑥^2)/(𝜋. 〖𝑑𝑜〗 ^2 (𝑡𝑠−𝐶))
Ø pipa (in) isolasi (in) total (in)
pipa uap 12 3 18
𝑃𝑤 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛=0.65×𝑃𝑤 pipa reflux 12 3 18
𝑃𝑤 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛=0.65×35 𝑙𝑏/ 〖𝑓𝑡〗 ^2 pipa feed 12 3 18
= 22.75 lb/ft² pipa reboiler 12 3 18
Ø kolom dist 84 3 90
Total deff 162
𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑓 (𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑘𝑡𝑖𝑓)= 162 in
𝑓𝑤𝑥=(2×22.75×162×𝑥^2)/(3.14× 〖 84 〗 ^2×(0.3125−0.125))

= 1.77𝑥^2 𝑝𝑠𝑖

- stress karena beban mati

a. stress karena berat shell
𝑓𝑑𝑠𝑥=(𝑥×𝜌)/144 𝑙𝑏/ 〖𝑖𝑛〗 ^2

𝑓𝑑𝑠𝑥=(𝑥×490)/144 𝑙𝑏/ 〖𝑖𝑛〗 ^2

𝑓𝑑𝑠𝑥 = 3.403 𝑥 𝑙𝑏/ 〖𝑖𝑛〗 ^2

b. stress karena berat isolasi shell

𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠=(𝑡 𝑖𝑠𝑠×𝜌 𝑖𝑠𝑠 ×𝑥)/(𝑡𝑠 −𝐶)144 𝑙𝑏/ 〖𝑖𝑛〗 ^2

𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠=(3×50×𝑥)/(5⁄16−2⁄16)144 𝑙𝑏/ 〖𝑖𝑛〗 ^2

𝑓𝑑𝑖𝑠= 5.556 𝑥 𝑙𝑏/ 〖𝑖𝑛〗 ^2

 c. stress karena berat tutup
𝑓𝑑𝑡𝑥=( 〖𝑑 𝑏𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑘𝑜〗 ^2×𝜌 𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑝×𝑡ℎ𝑎)/(4×𝑑𝑥×(𝑡𝑠 −𝐶)144)
berdasarkan tabel 5.5 nilai ts 5/16
sf 3.5
d blanko = do + do/42 + 2 sf + 2/3 icr icr 0.625
d blanko = 93.417 in

tebal tutup atas

𝑡ℎ=(0,885×𝑝𝑖×𝑟)/(𝑓𝐸 −0,1 𝑝𝑖)+𝐶 𝑟=1/2×𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝐵𝑒𝑗𝑎𝑛𝑎

𝑟=1/2×84 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ
th = 0.275 inch
= (5/16)in 0.4375 in
𝑟= 42 inch
maka
𝑓𝑑𝑡𝑥=( 〖𝑑 𝑏𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑘𝑜〗 ^2×𝜌 𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑝×𝑡ℎ𝑎)/(4×𝑑𝑥×(𝑡𝑠 −𝐶)144)

𝑓𝑑𝑡𝑥=( 〖 93.417 〗 ^2×490×0.3125)/(4×84×(0.3125 −0.125)144)

𝑓𝑑𝑡𝑥= 206.2148 x

- stress karena berat tangga

𝑓𝑑𝑡𝑔𝑥=25𝑥/(𝜋×𝑑×(𝑡𝑠 −𝐶) )

𝑓𝑑𝑡𝑔𝑥=25𝑥/(3.14×84×(0.3125 −0.125) )

𝑓𝑑𝑡𝑔𝑥= 0.506 x

stress karena berat pipa uap

- berat pipa uap dari Appx K pipa 12 in sch 60
𝑓𝑑 𝑝𝑥=(𝑊 𝑝𝑖𝑝𝑎)/(𝜋×𝑑×(𝑡𝑠 −𝐶) ) W pipa 73.2

𝑓𝑑 𝑝𝑥=73.2/(3.14×84×(0.3125 −0.125) )

𝑓𝑑 𝑝𝑥= 1.480 𝑥 𝑙𝑏/ 〖𝑖𝑛〗 ^2

- berat pipa uap reflux reboiler
4.4404004 𝑥 𝑙𝑏/ 〖𝑖𝑛〗 ^2
- beratpipa feed dari Appx K pipa 12 in sch 80
1.7895056 W pipa 88.5 lb/ft
total stress karena berat pipa
𝑓𝑑 𝑝𝑥= 6.229906𝑥 𝑙𝑏/ 〖𝑖𝑛〗 ^2

- stress karena berat isolasi pipa

𝑓𝑑_(𝑖𝑠 𝑝) 𝑥=(𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡 𝑖𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑖 𝑝𝑖𝑝𝑎)/(4×𝑑×(𝑡𝑠 −𝐶) )

𝜋/4 ((𝑑𝑜)^2−(𝑑𝑖)^2 ) 𝑥𝜌𝑖𝑠𝑝

 berat isolasi pipa = 𝜋/4 ((𝑑𝑜)^2−(𝑑𝑖)^2 ) 𝑥𝜌𝑖𝑠𝑝

𝜋/4 (((12+2 ×3)/12)^2−(12/12)^2 ) 〖𝑓𝑡〗 ^2 𝑥𝑓𝑡×60 𝑙𝑏/ 〖𝑓𝑡〗 ^3

58.875 x lb
𝑓𝑑_(𝑖𝑠 𝑝) 𝑥= 0.935 𝑥 𝑙𝑏/ 〖𝑖𝑛〗 ^2

- stress karena berat tray sepanjang x

asusmsi
𝑓𝑑_(𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑦 𝑥) 𝑥=([(𝑥−𝑙)/𝑇+1][𝜋/4 𝑑^2 ]25 𝑙𝑏⁄ 〖𝑓𝑡〗 ^2 )/(𝜋×𝑑×(𝑡𝑠 −𝐶)
jarak tray )
teratas (l) 4 ft
jarak tray (T) 24 in
2 ft
𝑓𝑑_(𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑦 𝑥) 𝑥=([(𝑥−4)/2+1][𝜋/4 7^2 ]25 𝑙𝑏⁄ 〖𝑓𝑡〗 ^2 )/(𝜋×84×(0,3125 −0,125) )

𝑓𝑑_(𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑦 𝑥) 𝑥= 19.44444 [(𝑥−4)/2+1]

𝑓𝑑_(𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑦 𝑥) 𝑥= 9.722222 x - 19.44444

- total stress karena beban mati

𝑓𝑑𝑥=𝑓𝑑𝑠𝑥+𝑓𝑑 𝑖𝑠.𝑠𝑥+𝑓𝑑𝑡𝑥+𝑓𝑑𝑝𝑥+𝑓𝑑𝑡𝑔𝑥+ 〖𝑓𝑑〗 _(𝑖𝑠.𝑝) 𝑥+ 〖𝑓𝑑〗 _𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑦 𝑥

fdsx = 3.403
fd is .sx = 5.556
fdtx = 206.215
fdpx = 6.230
fdtgx = 0.506
fdispx = 0.935
fdtrayx = 9.722 𝑥− 19.444 +
fdx = 26.350 𝑥 − 186.770

- perhitungan x
- Bagian Hulu
𝑓×𝐸=𝑓𝑤𝑥+𝑓𝑎𝑝−𝑓𝑑𝑥 17500
17500×0.85=1.77𝑥^2+6670−21.350𝑥+186,770 0.85
14875=1.77𝑥^2−26.350𝑥+6483.230 14875 x
1.77𝑥^2−21.350𝑥−8332.852=0
𝑥= 75.160 ft
6670
a b c 186.770
1.77 -26.3505 -8018.230 6856.770 -
D 57463.41
X1 75.15982 14875
X2 -60.27254 6856.770
8018.230 -
- Bagian Hilir
𝑓𝑐 𝑚𝑎𝑥=𝑓𝑤𝑥−𝑓𝑎𝑝+𝑓𝑑𝑥 fc max 6690
 dari appx <
𝑓𝑐 𝑚𝑎𝑥=1.5× 〖 10 〗 ^6 ((𝑡𝑠−𝐶)/𝑟𝑜)≤1/3 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡
SA 240 grade M

𝑓𝑐 𝑚𝑎𝑥=1.5× 〖 10 〗 ^6 ((0.3125−0.125)/(0.5×84))
6696.429
1.77 b -13546.77
𝑓𝑐 𝑚𝑎𝑥= 6690 D 26.350
maka, X1 96605.480208
6696.429=1.77𝑥^2−6670+21.601𝑥−186.770 X2 80.356984738
𝑥= 80.357 ft -95.244270275
Tinggi courses didasarkan pada harga x yang terkecil yaitu bagian hulu = 75.160 ft
Evaluasi
1 𝑓𝑎𝑝=0

2 stress karena angin

𝑓𝑤𝑥=(2×22.75×132×𝑥^2)/(3.14× 〖 84 〗 ^2×(0.3125−0.125)) Ø pipa (in) isolasi (in) total (in)
pipa uap 12 12
= 0.87𝑥^2 𝑝𝑠𝑖 pipa reflux 12 12
pipa feed 12 12
pipa reboiler 12 12
Ø kolom dist 84 84
Total deff 132

- stress karena beban mati

a. stress karena berat shell
𝑓𝑑𝑠𝑥=(𝑥×𝜌)/144 𝑙𝑏/ 〖𝑖𝑛〗 ^2

𝑓𝑑𝑠𝑥=(𝑥×490)/144 𝑙𝑏/ 〖𝑖𝑛〗 ^2

𝑓𝑑𝑠𝑥 = 3.403 𝑥 𝑙𝑏/ 〖𝑖𝑛〗 ^2

c. stress karena berat tutup

𝑓𝑑𝑡𝑥=( 〖𝑑 𝑏𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑘𝑜〗 ^2×𝜌 𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑝×𝑡ℎ𝑎)/(4×𝑑𝑥×(𝑡𝑠 −𝐶)144)
berdasarkan tabel 5.5 nilai ts 5/16
sf 3.5
d blanko = do + do/42 + 2 sf + 2/3 icr icr 0.625
d blanko = 93.417 in

tebal tutup atas

𝑡ℎ=(0,885×𝑝𝑖×𝑟)/(𝑓𝐸 −0,1 𝑝𝑖)+𝐶 𝑟=1/2×𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝐵𝑒𝑗𝑎𝑛𝑎

th = 0.275 inch 𝑟=1/2×84 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ

= (5/16)in 0.3125 in
𝑟= 42 inch
maka
𝑓𝑑𝑡𝑥=( 〖𝑑 𝑏𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑘𝑜〗 ^2×𝜌 𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑝×𝑡ℎ𝑎)/(4×𝑑𝑥×(𝑡𝑠 −𝐶)144)

𝑓𝑑𝑡𝑥=( 〖 93.417 〗 ^2×490×0.3125)/(4×84×(0.3125 −0.125)144)

 𝑓𝑑𝑡𝑥= 206.2148 x

- stress karena berat tangga

𝑓𝑑𝑡𝑔𝑥=25𝑥/(𝜋×𝑑×(𝑡𝑠 −𝐶) )

𝑓𝑑𝑡𝑔𝑥=25𝑥/(3.14×84×(0.3125 −0.125) )

𝑓𝑑𝑡𝑥= 0.506 x

- stress karena berat pipa uap dari Appx K pipa 12 in sch 60

𝑓𝑑 𝑝𝑥=(𝑊 𝑝𝑖𝑝𝑎)/(𝜋×𝑑×(𝑡𝑠 −𝐶) ) W pipa 73.2

𝑓𝑑 𝑝𝑥=73.2/(3.14×84×(0.3125 −0.125) )

𝑓𝑑 𝑝𝑥= 6.230 𝑥 𝑙𝑏/ 〖𝑖𝑛〗 ^2

- total stress karena beban mati

𝑓𝑑𝑥=𝑓𝑑𝑠𝑥+𝑓𝑑 𝑖𝑠.𝑠𝑥+𝑓𝑑𝑡𝑥+𝑓𝑑𝑝𝑥+𝑓𝑑𝑡𝑔𝑥+ 〖𝑓𝑑〗 _(𝑖𝑠.𝑝) 𝑥+ 〖𝑓𝑑〗 _𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑦 𝑥

fdsx = 3.403
fd is .sx =
fdtx = 206.215
fdpx = 6.230
fdtgx = 0.506
fdispx =
fdtrayx = +
fdx = 10.138 𝑥 + 206.215
a b
- perhitungan x 0.87 -10.138 c
- Bagian Hulu D 51000.843 -14668.785
𝑓×𝐸=𝑓𝑤𝑥+𝑓𝑎𝑝−𝑓𝑑𝑥 X1 140.3084
17500×0.85=0,87𝑥^2+0−10.138𝑥+147.296 X2 -120.032
14875=0,87−10.138𝑥+147.296
𝑥= 140.308 ft

- Bagian Hilir fc max 6690 1/3 Yield point

𝑓𝑐 𝑚𝑎𝑥=𝑓𝑤𝑥−𝑓𝑎𝑝+𝑓𝑑𝑥 dari appx <
SA 240 grade M 75000
𝑓𝑐 𝑚𝑎𝑥=1.5× 〖 10 〗 ^6 ((𝑡𝑠−𝐶)/𝑟𝑜)≤1/3 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡
25000

𝑓𝑐 𝑚𝑎𝑥=1.5× 〖 10 〗 ^6 ((0.3125−0.125)/(0.5×84))
6696.429
a c
𝑓𝑐 𝑚𝑎𝑥= 6690 0.87 b -6896.215
D 5.388
6696.429=1.45𝑥^2−0+5.388𝑥+147.296 X1 23957.661815
𝑥= 83.828 ft X2 83.828490084
-94.604490084
 x hasil evauasi x hasil perhitungan X Evaluasi X Trial
hulu 140.308 75.160 83.82849 75.15982299
hilir 83.828 80.357 X trial Memenuhi

- stress karena gempa

Periode gempa asumsi
𝑇=2,65×10^(−5) (𝐻/𝐷)^2 ((𝑊.𝐷)/𝑡)^(1/2) W

𝑇=2,65×10^(−5) (160/84)^2 (40000.84/0,3125)^(1/2)

T= 0.315262

maka dari tabel 9.3

𝑓𝑠𝑥= ((4.𝑐.𝑊.𝑥^2 (3𝐻−𝑥))/𝐻^2 )/(𝜋.𝑟^2 (𝑡𝑠−𝐶))
zona 2 period < 0,4
c 0.1

𝑓𝑠𝑥= ((4.𝑐.𝑊.𝑥^2 (3𝐻−𝑥))/𝐻^2 )/(𝜋.𝑟^2 (𝑡𝑠−𝐶))

𝑓𝑠𝑥= ((4.0,1.40000.𝑥^2 (3.160−𝑥))/160)/(𝜋.42^2 (0,3125−0,125))

𝑓𝑠𝑥= 4 0.1 40000 X2 ( 3 160 -

25600
3.141593 1764 0.1875

= 16000 X2 ( 480 - X )
24.63714
= 7680000 X2 - 16000 X3
24.63714
= 311724.5 X2 - 649.4261 X3 = 0
𝑥 +
 21.601
243850.8
3540
68.8905

1/3 Yield point

 75000
25000

-21.601
306913.5
3540
86.69264
1/3 Yield point
 40000 (dari tinggi bejana dan diameter bejana)

X)