Oleh:
E m ilia Yustiningrum
Abstract
The changing o f Russian domestic politics has been running fast. Many political changings
have been caused by the internal push factors that have changed political policies dramatically
against the past. The political changing has covered the changing o f political party system from single
part\’ into multiparty system. The unpopular election at the national level in the p a st has been changed
into the need to do the election a t the national level either to the Parliam ent's members or the
President. The follow ing political changing covered the push to change the role o f government
institution to be more structuralized and not centralized anymore into one single position. These
domestic political changings were the sign o f running to be dem ocratic State. This study has the aim to
analyze the historical changing o f Russian domestic politics that has been the basic argument fo r the
future o f political condition.
20 Dalam http://cdition.cnn.com/SPEClALS/2000
/ russia/story/analysis/putin, 21 Mei 2004
Lampiran 2
Table 2. Pem ilu Parlemen (the State Duma) D esem ber 1993
Single member
Suara Partai Politik Total kursi
constituensi
Partai Politik
% Jumlah % jumlah %
Jumlah %
suara kursi kursi kursi kursi
Paru,'i vattg lolos e lec to ra l tre sh a ld m inim al 5 % suara
Russia's Clioice 15.51 40 17,8 30 13.3 70 15.6
Liberal Democratic Party of 5 o
22.92 59 26.2 64 14.2
Russia
Communist Party of Russian 7.1 10.7 j
12.40 32 14.2 16 48
1ederation
Agraria n Party 7.99 21 9,3 12 5,3 ->-» 7,3
Women of Russia 8,13 21 9.3 2 0.9 23 5.1
Yabloko 7.86 20 8.9 3 1.3 23 5.1
l’any of Russian fjnity and
6,76 18 8,0 1 0,4 19 , 4.2
Concord
Democratic Party of Russia 5-52 14 6,2 1 0,4 15 i 3,3
Partai yang tidak lolos e lec to ra l tresh o ld
Democratic Reform of
4.08 - 4 1.8 4 0,9
Mov ement
Diunits andCharity 0,70 - 2 0,9 2 0.4
Civie Union 1,93 - i 0,4 I 0.2
Russia's Future-New Names 1.25 - i 0,4 1 0.2
Ccdar 0.76 - * -
Fransformation of the
0,7 - - 1 0,4 1 0.2
Fatherland
Party of Russian Unity and
0,4 - - 1 0,4 1 0.2
Concord
Partv of Economic Freedom 0,1 - - 1 0.4 1 0.2
89 wilayah di Rusia 0.1 - - I 0,4 1 0.2
Blok Indepetidents 0.1 - - 1 0,4 1 1 0.2
Partai politik lain 8,9 - - 0 - 0
Kandidat independen - - - 77 34,2 77 i 17.1
Suara tidak diisi 2,8 - - - - - 1_____YJ
Suara tidak sah 1,2 - - - - - 1
Tabel 4. Pemilu Parlemen (the State Duma) Tabel 5.1. Pemilu Presiden Rusia Putaran I
Desember 2003 16 Juni 1996
K u rsi d i K a n d id a t T o ta l S u a r a P e rs e n ta s e
P a rta i p o litik P e rs e n ta s e
P a r le m e n B o ris Y eltsin 2 6 .6 6 5 .4 9 5 35,3
U n ified Russia 3 7 ,5 7 120
G e n n a d ii
C o m m u n ist P arty of 2 4 .2 1 1 .6 8 6 32,0
12,61 40 Z yu g a n o v
R ussian F e de ratio n A le x a n d e r Le be d 1 0 .9 7 4 .7 3 6 14,5
L ibe ral D e m o cra tic G rig o rii Y a v lin s k y 5 .5 5 0 .7 5 2 7,3
11,45 36
P arty of Russia
V la d im ir
Blok M othe rla nd 9,0 2 29 4 .3 1 1 .4 7 9 5,7
Z h irin o vsky
Y abloko D ata not S vyto sla v F edo rov 6 9 9 .1 5 8
4,3 0 0,9
a va ila b le
M ikh ail
U nion of R ightist D ata not 386. 06 9 0,5
3,97 G o rb a ch e v
F orces-S P S ava ila b le
M a rtin S h a kku m 2 7 7 .0 6 8 0,4
A g ra ria n P arty of D a ta not
3 ,6 4 Y u ri V la so v 1 5 1.28 2 0,2
R ussia ava ila b le
V la d im ir
B lok R ussian 123.06 5 0,2
B ryn tsa lo v
P e n s io n e rs ’ Party- D a ta not
3 ,0 9 A m a n G e ld y
P arty of Social a va ila b le 30 8 0,0
T u le ye v
Justice
S u a ra ka n d id a t
B lok P arty of 1.163.921 1,5
D ata not lain
R u ssia ’s R ebirth- 1,88
a va ila ble S u a ra tid a k sah 1 .0 72.12 0 1,4
R u ssian P arty of Life
T o ta l 7 5 .5 8 7 .1 3 9 69 ,7
P e o p le ’s P arty D ata not
1,18
a va ila ble
Sumber: Stephen White, Russia's New Politics: The
Sumber: http://www.rferl.ore/snecials/ M anagement o fa Post Communist Society,
russianelection / archives/ (United Kingdom: Cambridge University
partywinners.asp, 7 April 2004. Press, 2000), hlm.98.
Sumber: http://edition.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2000/russia/story/analysis/St.Petersburg.reax,
21 Mei 2004
Lampiran 7