TINGKATAN 4 4551/2
BIOLOGI
Kertas 2
1
2 2
jam Dua jam tiga puluh minit
PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN
BIOLOGI K2
4551/2
1
SOALAN 1
Jawapan:
Answer:
Jawapan:
Answer:
1
Pseudopodium
Pseudopodium
Contoh Jawapan:
Sample Answers:
Mana-mana 2P
Any 2P
2
(b) Dapat menerangkan fungsi struktur N. 2
Able to explain the function of structure N.
Contoh Jawapan:
Sample Answers:
Mana-mana 2P
Any 2P
JUMLAH
6
TOTAL
SOALAN 2
Jawapan:
Answer:
P1: Pepsinogen/pepsin 1
Pepsinogen/pepsin
Contoh Jawapan:
Sample Answers:
3
P1: Pepsin menguraikan/menghidrolisis protein 1
Pepsin breakdown/hydrolyse proteins
Jawapan:
Answer:
Q: Mikrovilus 1
Microvillus
Contoh Jawapan:
Sample Answers:
4
P8: Mengangkut asid lemak/gliserol/vitamin A, D, E, K 1
Transport fatty acids/ glycerol/ vitamin A, D, E, K
Mana-mana 2 P
Any 2P
JUMLAH 6
TOTAL
SOALAN 3
Jawapan:
Answer:
Larutan K: mengecut 1
Solution K : shrink/shrivel
Jawapan:
Answer:
5
P4 : untuk mengangkut oksigen secara berkesan/maksimum 1
To transport oxygen efficiently/at maximum
Mana-mana 2P
Any 2P
Jawapan:
Answers:
JUMLAH
7
TOTAL
6
SOALAN 4
No. Skema pemarkahan Markah Jumlah
Marking scheme Marks Total
(a)(i) Dapat menamakan vertebra X dan vertebra Y.
Able to name vertebrae X and vertebrae Y. 2
Jawapan:
Answer:
X: (Vertebra) serviks 1
Cervical (vertebrae)
Y: (Vertebra) lumbar 1
Lumbar (vertebrae)
Tolak : atlas/aksis
Reject : Atlas/Axial
Jawapan:
Answer:
Jawapan:
Answer:
1
Artritis/osteoartritis
Arthritis/osteoarthritis
7
(b)(ii) Dapat menyatakan dua sebab penyakit yang dinamakan di 2
4(b)(i).
Able to state two causes of the disease mentioned in 4(b)(i).
Jawapan:
Answer:
JUMLAH
7
TOTAL
SOALAN 5
Jawapan:
Answer:
1
P: DNA /Asid deoksiribonukleik
DNA/ Deoxyiribonucleic acid
8
Bentuk yang betul 1
Correct shape
Contoh jawapan:
Sample answer:
Polimer P Polimer Q
Polymer P Polymer Q
9
Mana-mana 2
Any 2
Contoh jawapan:
Sample answer:
Mana-mana 2P
Any 2P
JUMLAH
8
TOTAL
10
SOALAN 6
Jawapan:
Answer:
Sistem trakea 1
Tracheal system
Contoh jawapan:
Sample answer:
Mana-mana 1P
Any 1P
Jawapan:
Answer:
Hembusan nafas 1
Exhalation
11
(b)(ii) Dapat menerangkan peranan otot X dalam mekanisme 3
pernafasan yang dinyatakan di (b)(i).
Able to explain the role of muscle X in breathing mechanism
mentioned in (b)(i)
Contoh Jawapan:
Sample Answers:
12
(c) Dapat menyatakan perbandingan antara bronkitis kronik dan 2
asma dengan betul.
Able to state the comparison between chronic bronchitis and
asthma correctly.
Persamaan:
Similarity:
Perbezaan:
Differences:
Bronkitis kronik Asma
Chronic bronchitis Asthma
D1: Bronkiol menjadi Bronkiol menebal
radang dan tersumbat The bronchioles 1
The bronchioles thickened
become inflamed and
clogged
Sekurang-kurangnya 1 S + 1D
At least 1 S + 1 D
JUMLAH 8
TOTAL
13
SOALAN 7
Jawapan:
Answer:
1
Rajah 7.1 : Tindakan terkawal
Diagram 7.1 : voluntary action
1
Rajah 7.2 : Tindakan luar kawal
Diagram 7.2 : Involuntary action
Jawapan:
Answer:
14
Mana-mana 2P
Any 2P
Jawapan:
Answer:
Mana-mana 2P
Any 2P
Jawapan:
Answer:
15
P4: Lebih banyak impuls diterima oleh efektor 1
More impulses received by effectors
mana-mana 3P
Any 3P
JUMLAH 9
TOTAL
SOALAN 8
No Kriteria Pemarkahan Markah Jumlah
Marking Criteria Marks Total
(a)(i) Dapat menamakan hormon dirembeskan oleh struktur P.
Able to name the hormone secreted by structure P. 1
Jawapan:
Answer:
P : Progesteron/estrogen 1
Progesterone/estrogen
16
(a)(iii) Dapat melabelkan dengan huruf Q untuk menunjukkan tempat
di mana perkembangan embrio berlaku. 1
Able to labelled with the letter Q to show the place where
development of embryo occurs.
Jawapan: Q
Answer:
Mana-mana 3P
Any 3P
17
(b)(ii) Dapat menerangkan kesan pengambilan pil perancang terhadap
kitar haidnya dengan betul.
3
Able to explain the effects of taking contraceptive pills on her
menstrual cycle correctly.
Jawapan:
Answer:
Mana-mana 3P
Any 3P
JUMLAH 9
TOTAL
BAHAGIAN B
SECTION B
SOALAN 9
Contoh jawapan:
Sample answer:
Teknik P:
Technique P:
18
P2: Teknik pengkulturan menggunakan sel stem daripada haiwan 1
Culturing technique using stem cells from animals
Teknik Q:
Technique Q:
19
P8: dapat menghasilkan produk dalam masa yang singkat 1
able to produce products in short time
Contoh jawapan:
Sample answer:
P5: Jika persenyawaan antara gamet normal dan gamet abnormal ini 1
berlaku, zigot akan membawa 47 kromosom/45 kromosom
If fertilisation between the normal gamete and abnormal gamete
occurs, the zygote will carry 47 chromosomes/45 chromosomes
Mana-mana 4P
Any 4P
20
(c)(i) Terangkan faktor yang boleh menyebabkan pembentukan sel kanser. 5
Explain the factors that can cause formation of cancer cell.
Contoh jawapan:
Sample answer:
Contoh jawapan:
Sample answer:
21
P3: Sel kanser bersaing dengan sel normal di sekitarnya untuk
mendapatkan nutrien 1
cancer cells compete with surrounding normal cells to get
nutrients
P4: Sel kanser merebak melalui salur limfa dan salur darah ke
bahagian organ/tubuh yang lain 1
cancer cells spread through lymph vessels and blood vessels to
other parts of the organ/body
JUMLAH
20
TOTAL
SOALAN 10
No Kriteria pemarkahan Markah Jumlah
Marking criteria Marks Total
(a)(i) Dapat menerangkan proses pembekuan darah dalam mekanisma
pembekuan darah. 5
Able to explain blood clotting process in blood clotting mechanism.
Sample Answers:
Contoh Jawapan:
22
P3: dengan bantuan ion kalsium dan vitamin K 1
with the aid of calcium ions and vitamin K
Sample Answers:
Contoh Jawapan:
Contoh jawapan:
Sample answer:
23
F1: X ialah penyakit hemofilia 1
X is haemophilia
Mana-mana 2F + 1P
Any 2F + 1P
Contoh jawapan:
Sample answer:
24
P5: Antibodi dalam serum darah boleh bertindak terhadap
antigen pada sel darah yang tidak sepadan
Antibody in blood serum can act against antigen on the
incompatible red blood cells. 1
25
Individual with blood group O, can accept blood from
blood group O only.
Mana-mana 10P
Any 10P
JUMLAH
20
TOTAL
BAHAGIAN C
SECTION C
SOALAN 11
No. Kriteria pemarkahan Markah Jumlah
Marking criteria Marks Total
(a)(i) Dapat namakan K dan nyatakan penyesuaian K.
Able to name K and state the adaptation of K. 2
Contoh jawapan:
Sample answer:
Penyesuaian:
Adaptation:
P1: Berlingkar//panjang 1
Convoluted// long
K + mana-mana 1P
K + any 1P
26
(ii) Dapat menerangkan proses yang berlaku di L.
Able to explain the process that occurs at L. 3
Contoh Jawapan:
Sample Answers:
Mana-mana P1 + P2/P3 + P4
Any P1 + P2/P3 + P4
Contoh Jawapan:
Sample Answers:
Remaja X
Teenager X
27
P6: Tubul berlingkar distal dan tubul pengumpul kurang
telap kepada garam 1
Distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct less
permeable to salt
Mana-mana 5P
Any 5P
Remaja Y
Teenager Y
28
P7: Aras gula darah kembali normal 1
Blood sugar levels go back to normal
Mana-mana 5P
Any 5P
Contoh Jawapan:
Sample Answers:
Mesin hemodialysis
Hemodialysis machine
Mana-mana 2/3P
Any 2/3P
Ginjal kultur
Cultured kidney
29
P3: (Ginjal kultur) dapat menyingkirkan bahan kumuh seperti
ginjal asal. 1
(Cultured kidney) can remove waste substance like the
original kidney
Mana-mana 2/3P
Any 2/3P
JUMLAH
20
TOTAL
30