BAHAN

AJAR
Kompetensi Dasar
3.4 Menganalisis fungsi sosial, struktur
teks, dan unsur kebahasaan beberapa teks
hortatory exposition lisan dan tulis dengan
memberi dan meminta informasi terkait isu
aktual, sesuai dengan konteks penggunaannya
4.4Teks hortatory exposition
4.4.2 Menyusun teks hortatory exposition lisan
dan tulis, terkait isu aktual, dengan
memperhatikan fungsi sosial, struktur
teks, dan unsur kebahasaan, secara benar
dan sesuai dengan konteks
penggunaannya.
Indikator Pencapaian Kompetensi
3.4.1. Mengidentifikasi fungsi sosial, struktur
teks, dan unsur kebahasaan teks
hortatory exposition lisan dan tulis
dengan memberi dan meminta informasi
terkait pandangan/pendapat mengenai
topik yang hangat dibicarakan umum,
argumentasi pendukung, serta saran,
sesuai dengan konteks penggunaannya
3.4.2. Membandingkan fungsi sosial, struktur
teks, dan unsur kebahasaan beberapa
teks hortatory exposition lisan dan tulis
dengan memberi dan meminta informasi
terkait pandangan/pendapat mengenai
topik yang hangat dibicarakan umum,
argumentasi pendukung, serta saran,
sesuai dengan konteks penggunaannya
4.4.2.1. Membuat teks hortatory
exposition lisan dan tulis, terkait isu
aktual, dengan memperhatikan fungsi
sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur
kebahasaan, secara benar dan sesuai
konteks penggunaanya.

Tujuan Pembelajaran
Setelah mengikuti proses pembelajaran, peserta didik diharapkan dapat:
• Mengidentifikasi fungsi sosial, struktur teks dan unsur kebahasaan
beberapa teks khusus dalam bentuk narrative text yang ditampilkan
baik dalam bentuk video, ataupun teks bacaan melalui PPT.
 • Membandingkan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan
beberapa teks legenda rakyat
• Membuat teks hortatory exposition lisan dan tulis, terkait isu aktual,
dengan memperhatikan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan,
secara benar dan sesuai konteks penggunaanya.

Peta Konsep/ Pokok Materi

Arguments

Hortatory Exposition

Linkungan
kehidupan sehari
Persuade
hari
readers with the
ideas/arguments

Using:

– In my opinion, it’s better …

– I think … should ….
– I think … should be ……
– For these reasons ….
Should …

To give recommendation
Materi Pembelajaran
Defenition
Hortatory exposition :

• Is a text that is intended to explain the listeners or readers that something should or should
not happen or be done.

• is a type of English text which represents the author’s attempt to influence the reader to do
something or act in a particular way.

In Hortatory Exposition Text, the authors give some opinions about certain things to
reinforce the main idea of the text.

Social Function
To persuade the reader or listener that something should or should not be the
case or be done.

Generic structure :
• Thesis
The writer point of view about the topic discussed.
• Arguments
Series of argument which strengthen the thesis stated before
• #Recommendation
The writer gives recommendation to the reader.

• Use of passive sentences

• Use of evaluative language
• Use of modals and adverb: certainly, surely, etc.
• Using Simple Present Tense
• Use of subject pronoun (e.g. I and we)
• Use of temporal connectives an causal connectives (as, after, as soon as,
at first, at once, before, finally, just, meanwhile, next, now, now that,
since, then (this can be overused), until, when, whenever, while;
although, as a result, because, by, consequently, despite, due to, for that
reason, in case, in order, in this way, otherwise, since, so, so as to, so
that, therefore, though, thus, to that end, unless, until, yet
Example:

Generic Structure Text Language Features

Title Why People Should
Exercise

Thesis In the past, I have never Simple present

been inclined to participate in
sports. Honestly, I didn’t like it, but
many persons whom I lived with Evaluative language
kept telling me everyday how good
it was. Since the peer pressure
was growing, I decided to go to the
gym. It wasn’t until then that I Adverb
could really understand people
when they said exercise really
helped a person get organized and Modal
keep yourself in a healthy
physically and mentally.
Argument 1 For starters, when you are Use of temporal connectives an
a lazy person, it is difficult to take causal connectives
the first step, but it is all a matter
of committing yourself to
something that will provide you a
lot of positive feedback. Once you
start doing exercise and observing
positive results, you actually enjoy
it. It takes a lot of effort and strong
will, but it’s worth it. The principal
thing to do is to participate in an
activity you like. If you do you’ll
start organizing your day in a way
that enables you to do everything
you have to, including exercising.
You will no longer be a person
stressed-out without time to carry
on with all your activities.
Argument 2 Second, it is obvious that
once you exercise you will have a
better condition. You will be
healthier in a physical way. It is
probable that you will lose weight
and your muscles will get stronger
and stronger. Your body will feel
good, full of energy and it will
respond immediately to any action
you want to do, any activity that
has to be done with high spirits.
Argument 3 The third reason why
exercising is good is that it affects
you positively in a mental and
psychological way. Doing exercise
helps you set specific goals which
along with strong will can be
achieved. When you do that, you
are aware of your abilities, accept
your weaknesses, and your self-
esteem goes up. Any sport
distracts you because it helps you
not to think about school, friends,

Recommendation ( the
using of “should” to
state a
recommendation.
problems, among other things. It
brings you time to think about
yourself and no one else. It helps
you to keep your mind busy and to
avoid dangerous habits like drugs.
Doing exercise is very
important to any person of any
age. The positive effects of
exercising, which I’ve already
mentioned, are like a chain.
Therefore, you should start doing
things the right way and get
enormous benefits which make
you feel good as a whole human
being. You start living your life
happily.

Uraian Materi
Amati dan gunakan pertanyaan-pertanyaan berikut untuk mendiskusikan atau menganalisa text
hortatory!

1. What issue is being discussed in the text?

2. How did the writer state his/her arguments?
3. How many arguments are presented in the text?
4. How does the writer strengthen his/her arguments that has been described on the
text?
5. How did the writer write his/her arguments?

Identifikasi terhadap Fungsi Sosial, Generic Structure dan Language

Features Dari Text Hortatory Exposition.

Practice 1

Let’s Practice the dialogue

Read and practice the dialogue with your partner!

Situation: Andi and Toni are talking issues of banning smartphone in the school. Andi: Have you
heard about our school’s plan to ban smartphones in the school?

Toni : Yes , I heard about it. Andi:

What do you think about it?
Toni : Well, I think that’s fair enough.
Andi : why do you think so?
Toni: you see… Smartphones have caused so much trouble in our class. Remember
yesterday’s history class? Our teacher got very angry because was interrupt by smartphone
ringing many times. This may happen again and again.
Andi: yes, that’s right
Toni: Another thing is… Smartphones have caused a kind of stupid competition.
Andi: what do you mean?
Toni : you know, Everyone seems to compete to have the latest model.
Andi: Yes, I feel that too.
Toni : So, the school should not allow students to use their smartphone in the school.

Let’s Identify

Dari percakapan yang terdapat di Practice 1, dapatkah kalian mengidentifikasi isu

yang sedang dibicarakan oleh Andi dan Toni? Apakah Toni memberikan argumen terhadap
isu nya?
Benar sekali. Isu yang disampaikan Toni adalah tentang the school’s plan to ban
smartphones in the school atau rencana sekolah melarang penggunaan HP pintar di sekolah.
Toni yang setuju dengan isu tersebut mengemukakan beberapa argument yaitu :
1. Smartphones have caused so much trouble in our class. (HP pintar telah
menyebabkan banyak masalah dikelas)
2. Smartphones have caused a kind of stupid competition. (HP pintar
menyebabkan adanya kompetisi konyol)
Selain itu yang paling penting adalah bahwa setiap kali Toni memberikan argument,
selalu diikuti oleh fakta setelahnya untuk mendukung argumennya seperti dijabarkan berikut
ini:
Argument 1 : Smartphones have caused so much trouble in our class.

Fact : Our teacher got very angry because was interrupt by smartphone ringing many
times.

Argument 2 : Smartphones have caused a kind of stupid

competition. Fact : Everyone seems to compete to have the
latest model.

Teks Hortatory Exposition juga memiliki kesimpulan berbentuk rekomendasi apa

yang harus atau tidak seharusnya dilakukan. Pada dialog diatas, Toni memberikan
rekomendasi nya terhadap isu yaitu dengan menyatakan:

So, the school should not allow students to use their smartphone in the school.
Practice 2

Smoking in a restaurant does not only give the bad impact to the active smokers
but also the passive ones.
Smoking in a restaurant is impolite. The smell of the smoke affects all people
and can turn them off their food. People pay to taste good food and not to be put off by
foul-smelling smoke.
Besides, smoking harm the others especially passive smokers, that is, breathing
in smoke made by a smoker, can lead to asthma attacks and even cancer.
Finally, smoking is dangerous and a health risk to the smoker. Cigarettes cause
heart and lung disease and people do not smoke anywhere, not just in restaurants.
Regarding to the bad impacts, smoking must not be allowed in any restaurants.

Identify the text above based on the generic structure and language feautures.

Generic Structure Text Language Features

Thesis

Arguments

Recommendation
 Membandingkan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan beberapa
teks hortatory exposition lisan dan tulis dengan memberi dan meminta
informasi terkait pandangan/pendapat mengenai topik yang hangat
dibicarakan umum, argumentasi pendukung, serta saran, sesuai dengan
konteks penggunaannya.

Text one
Why Students Should Eat Breakfast Everyday title

A lot of people, especially young people, go through the day without having
breakfast. Many people believe that it is not necessary, or they say that they don’t
thesis have time for that, and begin their day with no meal. I believe that everyone should
eat breakfast before going to their activities. The purpose of this paper is to show
the importance of breakfast, especially for students.

The first reason why you should eat breakfast before going to school is for your
health. When you skip breakfast and go to school, you are looking for a disease
Argument 1 because it’s not healthy to have an empty stomach all day long. It’s very important
to have a meal and not let your stomach work empty. All you are going to get is
gastritis and a lot of problems with your health if you don’t eat breakfast.

Another reason for eating breakfast is because you need food for to do well in your
classes. You body and your brain are not going to function as good as they could
because you have no energy and no strength. When you try to learn something and
have nothing in your stomach, you are going to have a lot of trouble succeeding. A
Argument 2
lot of people think that they should not eat because they are going to feel tired, but
that’s not true. Breakfast is not a very big meal, and on the contrary, you’re going to
feel tired if you don’t have breakfast because you have spent the entire previous
night without food.

The last reason to have breakfast every day is because you can avoid diseases if you
eat some breakfast in the morning. If you don’t eat, you are going to get sick, and
Argument 3 these diseases will have a stronger effect on you because you’re going to get sick
easier than people who have breakfast every day.

You have to realize that breakfast is the most important meal of the day, and you
cannot skip it without consequences for your health, your school and your defense
recommend mechanism. It is better to wake up earlier and have a good breakfast that run to
ation
school without eating anything. It is time for you to do something for your health,
and eating breakfast is the better way to start your day.
 Text two

Cars should be banned in the city

Cars should be banned in the city. As we all know, cars create pollution, and cause
thesis
a lot of road deaths and other accidents.

Firstly, cars, as we all know, contribute to most of the pollution in the world. Cars
emit a deadly gas that causes illnesses such as bronchitis, lung cancer, and
‘triggers’ of asthma. Some of these illnesses are so bad that people can die from
them.

arguments Secondly, the city is very busy. Pedestrians wander everywhere and cars commonly
hit pedestrians in the city, which causes them to die. Cars today are our roads
biggest killers.

Thirdly, cars are very noisy. If you live in the city, you may find it hard to sleep at
night, or concentrate on your homework, and especially talk to someone.

In conclusion, cars should be banned from the city for the reasons listed.

recommendation

Agar lebih mahir dalam menangkap makna berbagai teks Hortatory exposition mari berlatih
melakukan hal yang sama untuk Compare the two texts above:

Description of the Text Text 1 Text 2

Title

Issue / thesis

Arguments
Recommendation
Language Features :
Simple present
Passive voice
Evaluative language
Modals and adverb
Use of temporal connectives
an causal connectives
Membuat teks hortatory exposition lisan dan tulis, terkait isu aktual, dengan
memperhatikan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan, secara
benar dan sesuai konteks penggunaanya.

Practice 1
Let’s Read

Re-arrange the following paragraph to form a meaningful Hortatory Exposition Text!

• To sum up, in my opinion, cloning will really help us, maybe not today, but definitely
tomorrow. Because of this reason, I really wait for tomorrow impatiently.
• Secondly, if we use this technology in the birth of children, we not only decrease the risks of
cancer, stroke and dementia, but also increase the cognitive potential and talents of
children, as Lee Silver mentioned in his 3 article. I want to say that the quality of new
generation will increase, so better lives are waiting for us at least for our children, after we
improve and start cloning.
• Finally, some scientists believe that cloning has many disadvantages. For example, cloned
ones get older faster, and live shorter. On the other hand, we shouldn’t forget that it is a
very new technology and it needs some time to be improved. I believe that after a while and
after worked on seriously, it will really provide us the advantages that I mentioned before,
so I think at this moment, all we can do is to wait and see what our scientists can do.
• First of all, even in our time, we still have some illnesses that have no cure or treatment or
that have long and painful treatments that are applied with difficulty. We can give
leukemia as an example. In the treatment of leukemia, you have to find a person whose
tissues match those of the person suffering from leukemia, and the probability is very low,
unless they are identical twins. If we use the cloning technology in these cases, we can
find a solution to these kinds of diseases easily. Therefore, I think if it has such advantages
why shouldn’t it be used?
• Do you want a twin that is cloned from you? Do you think it is necessary? Or do you think
it is unethical and should be banned? I strongly believe that cloning is a new technology
that is necessary for our world. I have various reasons for this: it is necessary for the
treatment of some illnesses such as leukemia and it provides our children better lives.
Some people claim that cloning causes some disadvantages, but I think they are really
making a mistake.
Let’s think

Practice 2

Read the paragraph carefully. It is the thesis statement of a Hortatory

Exposition in which contains issue and arguments .

After you read the first paragraph, you should think about what will the next paragraph be about
or the supporting facts for the arguments. Write 1-3 sentence for each paragraph!

Eight out of twelve students in my reading class believe we should start a debate team. I
believe a debate team would help us turn our negative energy into positive energy. It also
would help us stay off the streets and out of harms way. A debate team would not only
teach us discipline but it would help us better our vocabulary.

What will be the first body paragraph about?

What will be the second body paragraph about?

What will be the third body paragraph about?

Practice 3.

Build a hortatory exposition based on the following issue. Choose one for you to state your
arguments.

1. Government should make a strict rules about covid-9

2. Online gaming should be banned for students of elementary

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Rangkuman
• Eksposisi Hortatory adalah jenis lisan atau tertulis teks yang dimaksudkan untuk
menjelaskan pendengar atau pembaca bahwa sesuatu harus atau tidak harus
terjadi atau dilakukan.
• teks eksposisi Hortatory dapat ditemukan dalam buku-buku ilmiah, jurnal,
majalah, artikel koran, pidato akademis atau kuliah, laporan penelitian dl
• Untuk memperkuat penjelasan, pembicara atau penulis membutuhkan beberapa
argumen sebagai alasan mendasar dari ide yang diberikan. Dengan kata lain, jenis
teks dapat disebut sebagai argumentasi.
• Untuk membujuk para pembaca bahwa sesuatu harus atau tidak harus menjadi
kasus atau dilakukan.
 DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. 2015. Bahasa Inggris SMA/MA Kelas X. Jakarta: Kementerian
Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan

https://englishadmin.com/2015/12/9-contoh-hortatory-text-komplit-generic.html
https://www.studiobelajar.com/hortatory-exposition/