JURNAL 1.
Judul ANALISIS KEPADATAN TANAH PADA JALAN LINGKAR
SELATAN RUAS JALAN CISAAT SUKABUMI
Jurnal Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil
Volume dan Halaman Vol. 1, dan 9 halaman
Tahun 2019
Penulis Januri Ismayana , Bambang Jatmika , Rico Sihotang
Reviewer Pandhu Dewanata
Tanggal 04 Oktober 2022
Latar Belakang Jalan merupakan prasarana yang sangat menunjang bagi
kebutuhan hidup masyarakat, kerusakan jalan dapat berdampak
pada kondisi sosial dan ekonomi terutama pada sarana
transportasi darat (Alamsyah 2001 dan Basuki 1986). Beberapa
bentuk kerusakan pada jalan yaitu perubahan bentuk lapisan
permukaan jalan berupa lubang (potholes), bergelombang
(rutting), retak-retak dan pelepasan butiran (ravelling) serta
gerusan tepi yang menyebabkan kinerja jalan menjadi menurun
(Fletcher et al. 1991 dan Yildirim et al. 2011). Kerusakan yang
sering dialami pada jalur lingkar selatan yaitu berupa lubang
(potholes), sehingga banyak tambalan untuk menutupi lubang
pada jalan jalur lingkar selatan.
Tujuan Dibangunnya landasan jalan jalur lingkar selatan ini memberikan
sedikit pengurangan kemacetan pada jalan umum khususnya rute
cibadak - sukabumi, sekaligus mempersingkat perjalanan untuk
menempuh tujuan. Keberadaan jalur lingkar selatan ini sangat
dinikmati oleh masyarakat sekitar, selain digunakan untuk akses
jalan alternatif secara tidak langsung kawasan ini sering
dijadikan tempat berolah raga pada hari libur, dan dijadikan
tempat perbelanjaan bermacam–macam kebutuhan pada hari
minggu, tetapi dengan adanya tempat perbelanjaan pada hari
minggu mengakibatkan kemacetan total. Akan tetapi pada
kontruksi jalan jalur lingkar selatan ada sebagian landasan yang
bergelombang (rutting), entah itu dari kontur tanah atau dari
urugan tanah yang kurang padat pada saat pelaksanaan dan pada
saat pengasapalan.
Metode Penelitian dilakukan pada lokasi pembangunan pekerjaan jalan
yang berlokasi di Jalan Lingkar Selatan, dengan ruas jalan
Sukabumi menuju Cisaat. Penelitian dimulai dengan mensurvei
lokasi untuk mengetahui kontur tanah dan keadaan pada jalan
jalur lingkar selatan. Waktu penelitiam ini dilakukan pada bulan
Januari 2017, dengan mensurvei lokasi penelitian untuk
persiapan penyusunan pada tugas akhir/skripsi ini. Dengan
mencari kebutuhan-kebutuhan data untuk mempermudah peneliti
dalam proses penelitian pada jalan jalur lingkar selatan, dan
mencari referensi dari buku yang terkait dalam penelitian ini.
Hasil Penelitian Data tanah yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian merupakan data
sekunder yang didapatkan dari Dinas Pekerjaan Umum (PU)
yang terletak di Jl. Panggleseran, No. 20, Kec. Cikembar.
Adapun data tersebut disajikan pada Tabel 1. Pengujian
dilakukan sesuai prosedur SNI 03-1969- 1990. Hasil pengukuran
menunjukkan kandungan kadar dalam tanah yang memiliki rata-
rata total 35,29 gram. Data mengenai saringan agregat dapat
dijelaskan melalui pengujian yang berbebeda dari masing-masing
sampel, sehingga akan menghasilkan persen tertahan dan persen
lolos. Berat jenis tanah yang dianalisa memiliki bobot semacam
partikel (particle density), hal ini menunjukan kerapatan tanah
secara keseluruhan. Tingkat uji pemadatan tanah dilakukan
dengan dua cara yaitu dengan, uji langsung kepadatan dilapangan
dan membawa sampel tanah yang diuji kepadatannya
dilaboratorium, karena hasil tanah uji pada saat dilapangan
belum tentu padat. Selain itu pelaksanaan yang dilakukan
dilaboratorium menggunakan standar proctor, dengan
menggunakan alat standar proctor tersebut dapat menghasilakn
nilai dari pengujian tersebut, untuk mengetahui berat isi dan
kadar air tanah yang sudah dipadatkan
Kesimpulan Dengan melihat hasil penelitian, maka dapat diambil beberapa
kesimpulan sebagai berikut:
1. Kontruksi perkerasan lentur (flexible pavement), yaitu
perkerasan yang menggunakan aspal sebagai bahan
pengikat, lapisan-lapisannya bersifat memikul dan
menyebarkan beban lalu lintas ketanah dasar.
JURNAL 2.
Judul Characterization of the correlation structure of residual CPT
profiles in sand deposits
Jurnal Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil
Volume dan Halaman Vol. 11 No. 1
Tahun MAY 2013
Penulis Eslami Kenarsari , R. Jamshidi Chenari , A. Eslami
Reviewer Pandhu Dewanata
Tanggal 04 Oktober 2022
Latar Belakang The geomechanical characterization of a soil deposit involves
both deterministic and statistical approaches. The correct
approach for this characterization consists of defining a trend,
expressed by a regression analysis, and the residual variability of
the geotechnical properties which is termed stochastic
heterogeneity. However, Baecher [1] emphasizes that the
distinction between trend and stochastic variation is not inherent
to the soil but to the modeler. The evaluation of stochastic
variations which can be seen as a convenient way to describe the
variability of a soil property has attracted extreme attention of
researchers for last three decades. This variation of soil
properties can be precisely described by three parameters: mean,
coefficient of variation and the scale of fluctuation.
Tujuan Since the first advent of the correlation concept and the
definition of the scale of fluctuation by Vanmarcke [2], various
techniques have been developed by subsequent researchers for
the identification of the correlation structure of geotechnical
data. Vanmarcke’s expeditive method [2], direct integration of
sample autocorrelation function [3], autocorrelation model fitting
[4], variance reduction function [5, 6, 7] and Bartlett’s limit
methods [8] are suggested methods in literature; However there
is no bias to any specific method. Current study focuses on the
calculation of the scale of fluctuation in order to identify the
correlation structure of CPT data. Cone penetration profiles
performed in sandy materials adopted to evaluate the correlation
structure of cone tip resistance of sandy materials and to
compare different methods. In this way some inaccuracies raised
by trend removal techniques are pointed out and appropriate
trend model for sandy materials are recommended
Metode A. Sample Collection: The soil sample was collected from the
premises of Mar Athanasius College of Engineering,
Kothamangalam.
B. Sample preparation: The diesel oil was used in this study.
The degree of contamination is defined as percentage of volume
of oil with respect to dry weight of soil. Each portion of soil for
sampling was mixed thoroughly with diesel at different
percentage of 0, 4, 8 and 12 to the dry weight of soil. The
samples were kept in air tight container for one week to attain a
stage of homogeneous mixture. These samples then were used to
determine the engineering properties of soil. The tests were
generally carried out on the soil samples in accordance with the
procedure outlined by Indian standards.
Hasil Penelitian The unique nature of soil and rock materials which are often
highly variable, even within a short distance, makes geotechnical
engineering much more an art than the other disciplines within
civil engineering. The variation of properties from one location
to another within a soil or rock mass is termed spatial variability.
During the last decades, several models have been proposed to
make explicit the affecting factors on overall variability and
magnitude of each source of uncertainty. These models identify
that the primary sources of geotechnical variability are inherent
soil variability, measurement error and transformation
uncertainty [17, 18, 19, 20]. Inherent soil variability is due to
complex process of geomaterials formation such as
sedimentation, weathering, stress history and time; Measurement
error resulted from equipment, procedural-operator and field
effects while transformation errors occur when fields or
laboratory measurements are transformed to design soil
properties with empirical or other correlation models. Although
the inherent variability is common in soil layer which is
homogeneous, in terms of composition, in majority of cases in
geotechnical engineering, one will encounter with soil strata with
different lithological origins. This type of variability called
lithological heterogeneity results from the formation of soil
layers from decomposition of different parental materials. So,
along with the inherent variability in natural alluvial deposits,
there is generally another source of variability manifested in the
form of soft/stiff layers embedded in a stiffer/softer media or the
inclusion of pockets of different lithology within a more uniform
soil mass, but this is excluded in this study. Inherent variability
in geotechnical properties can be modeled by eq. (1) in which a
depth dependent geotechnical property, x is decomposed into the
deterministic component, t and the fluctuating component, w that
totally represent the inherent soil variability. Figure 3 shows
schematically the inherent and lithological variabilities where
different layers are resulted from lithological heterogeneity. x(z)
= t(z) + w(z) (1) A rational means of quantifying inherent
variability is to model w(z) as a homogeneous (stationary)
random function or field [3]. This function is considered to be
statistically homogeneous if (i) the mean and variance of w do
not change with depth; and (ii) the correlation between the
deviations at two different depths is a function only of their
separation distance, rather than their absolute positions [19].
Fenton [5] asserted that data detrending is performed essentially
to obtain a spatially independent fluctuating component, w(z).
This condition is desirable because the statistical procedures
employed are based on the assumption that data samples consist
of statistically independent and identically distributed
observations. 4. Correlation Structure The first step in evaluation
of the correlation structure of CPT data lines in the estimation of
the sample autocovariance function and the sample
autocorrelation functions of the detrended data. Such functions
may be estimated for stochastic processes which are not
homogenous as defined earlier but at least weakly stationary. In
CPT testing, values are read at discrete, possibly constant, spatial
interval, Δz. Hence, the autocovariance and autocorrelation
functions are also estimated at a discrete number of points over
the spatial interval Ld.
Kesimpulan Cone penetration test is one of the most useful and versatile in-
situ tests employed to determine the spatial variability of sandy
soils. CPT data from six different sites, all representing sandy
deposits were selected in order to study the stochastic properties
of them. In this regard, five different established methods i.e.
VXP, SAI, AMF, BLM and VRF were adopted to investigate the
correlation structure of the CPT profiles. Scale of the fluctuation
was calculated as the key parameter to evaluate the correlation
behavior of CPT data using the above mentioned procedures.
Trend removal technique was shown to have a critical effect on
the scale of fluctuation of the CPT residuals. It was emphasized
that quadratic trend models will render more realistic correlation
properties of CPT residuals due to the better regression of the
deterministic component of the CPT profile. The mean estimated
scale of fluctuation acquired from different procedures proved to
vary from 0.44-2 meter which lies within the available range in
the literature. Another observation of this study is regarding the
comparison of different procedures to calculate the scale of
fluctuation of CPT residuals. This means that other three
methods namely SAI, AMF and BLM give more consistent
results.
SEMINAR
“REVIEW JURNAL”
DISUSUN OLEH:
PANDHU FEWANATA
2018 22 201 107
UNIVERSITAS MUSAMUS
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
TEKNIK SIPIL
2021