SKRIPSI

FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN
UNIVERSITAS HASANUDDIN
DESEMBER, 2021
Muh. Alif Fahlevi
Prof. Dr. dr. Sutji Pratiwi Rahardjo, Sp.T.H.T.K.L(K)
GAMBARAN GEJALA RINITIS ALERGI PADA MAHASISWA
ANGKATAN 2018-2019 FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS
HASANUDDIN

ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang : Rinitis alergi merupakan suatu peradangan mukosa hidung
yang disebabkan oleh reaksi alergi pada pasien yang sebelumnya telah
tersensitisasi alergen yang sama serta melepaskan mediator-mediator kimia pada
paparan berulang dengan alergen tersebut yang diperantarai oleh imunoglobulin E
(IgE) dengan gejala bersin-bersin ≥5 kali sehari terutama pada pagi hari, rinore
encer, hidung tersumbat, gatal pada hidung, mata dan telinga serta mata berair.
Prevalensi rinitis alergi terus menigkat diseluruh dunia setiap tahunnya. Gejala
rinitis alergi dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup terutama bagi mahasiswa dalam
belajar.
Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran gejala rinitis alergi
pada mahasiswa angkatan 2018-2019 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas
Hasanuddin.
Metode : Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan
cross sectional untuk mengetahui gambaran gejala rinitis alergi pada mahasiswa
angkatan 2018-2019 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Hasanuddin. Pengambilan
data dilakukan dengan membagikan kuesioner kepada responden dengan teknik
quota sampling.
Hasil : Hasil penelitian diperoleh sebanyak 124 (41,1%) mahasiswa yang
mengalami gejala rinitis alergi dari 302 mahasiswa yang menjadi responden yang
didominasi oleh perempuan sebanyak 76 orang (61,3%). Variasi gejala rinitis
alergi yaitu mata gatal dan berair dialami sebanyak 73 (58,9%) mahasiswa dari
124 responden. Klasifikasi rinitis alergi menurut ARIA-WHO berdasarkan berat
ringannya, paling banyak dengan derajat sedang-berat yaitu 93 (75%) mahasiswa.
Riwayat alergi sebelumnya didapatkan sebanyak 80 (36,5%) mahasiswa yang
memiliki riwayat alergi sebelumnya baik dari ayah, ibu atau saudara. Sedangkan,
riwayat alergi keluarga didapatkan sebanyak 45 (14,9%) mahasiswa dengan
riwayat alergi keluarga.
Kesimpulan : Penelitian ini menunjukkan prevalensi gejala rinitis alergi paling
banyak pada perempuan yang menunjukkan variasi gejala seperti mata gatal dan
berair dengan klasifikasi gejala sedang-berat paling dominan yang dialami. Selain
itu, didapatkan hubungan yang signifikan antara mata gatal dan berair, riwayat
alergi sebelumnya dan riwayat alergi keluarga terhadap kejadian gejala rinitis
alergi.

Kata Kunci : Rinitis alergi, prevalensi, mahasiswa

 RESEARCH PAPER
FACULTY OF MEDICINE
HASANUDDIN UNIVERSITY
DECEMBER, 2021

Muh. Alif Fahlevi

Prof. Dr. dr. Sutji Pratiwi Rahardjo, Sp.THTKL(K)
DESCRIPTION OF ALLERGIC RHINITIS SYMPTOMS IN STUDENTS
FOR THE 2018-2019 FACULTY OF MEDICINE HASANUDDIN
UNIVERSITY

ABSTRACT
Background: Allergic rhinitis is an inflammation of the nasal mucosa caused by
an allergic reaction in patients who have previously been sensitized to the same
allergen and release chemical mediators on repeated exposure to these allergens
mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE) with symptoms of sneezing 5 times a day,
especially in the morning, watery rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, itching in the
nose, eyes and ears and watery eyes. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis continues
to increase worldwide every year. Symptoms of allergic rhinitis can affect the
quality of life, especially for students in learning.
Objective: This study aims to describe the symptoms of allergic rhinitis in
students of the 2018-2019 class of the Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin
University.
Methods: The research method used is descriptive with aapproach cross
sectional to describe the symptoms of allergic rhinitis in 2018-2019 students of
the Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University. Data collection was done by
distributing questionnaires to respondents using quota sampling technique.
Results: The results obtained as many 124 (41.1%) students who experienced
symptoms of allergic rhinitis from 302 students who became respondents who
were dominated by women as many as 76 people (61.3%). Variations in
symptoms of allergic rhinitis, namely itchy and watery eyes were experienced by
73 (58.9%) students from 124 respondents. The classification of allergic rhinitis
according to ARIA-WHO is based on its lightweight, mostly with moderate-severe
degrees, namely 93 (75%) students. Previous allergy history obtained as many as
80 (36.5%) students who have a history of previous allergies either from father,
mother or sibling. Meanwhile, a family history of allergies was obtained as many
as 45 (14.9%) students with a family history of allergies.
Conclusion : This study showed the highest prevalence of allergic rhinitis
symptoms in women who showed a variety of symptoms such as itchy and watery
eyes with the most dominant classification of moderate-severe symptoms
experienced. In addition, there was a significant relationship between itchy and
watery eyes, previous allergy history and family history of allergies to the
incidence of allergic rhinitis symptoms.
Keywords: Allergic rhinitis, prevalence, students