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Abstract
Careless spitting is a behavior with risk for disease infection. Preliminary survey
results indicate that more than 50 percent of merchants chewing betel spit
carelessly. Carelessly spitted chewed betel can infect diseases to other people
when containing micro-organism. The objective was to analyze influence of
predisposing, enabling and reinforcing factors on spitting among betel chewers
concerning Hygienic and Healthy Behavior implementation in Pasar Raya,
Simalungun. This research employed mixed methods and was conducted from
November, 2018 until September, 2019. Samples of quantitative data consisted of
87 people selected by purposive sampling technique and informants consisted of 6
persons selected by purposive sampling technique. Quantitative data were
analyzed by univariate, bivariate (chi-square), and multivariate analysis (multiple
logistic regression testing). Qualitative data were reduced, presented, and
concluded. Bivariate analysis results demonstrated that knowledge (p=0.0001),
attitude (p=0.0001), availability of spittoon (p=0.0001), and health personnel’
support (p=0.015) were correlated with spitting behavior. Multivariate analysis
results showed that knowledge influenced (p=0.0001); attitude (p=0.159),
availability of spittoon (0.997), health personnel’ support (0.517) did not
influence spitting behavior. The dominant factor mostly influenced spitting was
knowledge (p=0.0001). Qualitative analysis found that this tradition has been
indirectly correlated with spitting, and availability of sanitary facilities at market
was correlated with spitting. It is recommended that Health Agency Pematang
Raya of Simalungun conduct socialization regularly to improve betel chewers’
knowledge; that market management repair and supervise broken sanitary
facilities at market; and that betel chewers provide their own covered spittoon.