PASTIKAN ANDA OFF-MIC & OFF-CAMERA

JTP480 KAEDAH
PENYELIDIKAN PERNIAGAAN
DR. MUHAMMAD HASMI BIN ABU HASSAN
ASAARI
hasmipjj@gmail.com
§ WEBEX 1 – PENGENALAN KURSUS

§ WEBEX 2 – TAJUK KAJIAN & BAB 1: PENDAHULUAN

§ WEBEX 3 – BAB 2: SOROTAN KARYA

§ WEBEX 4 – BAB 3: METODOLOGI

§ KURSUS INTENSIF – BAB 4: DATA ANALISIS

§ WEBEX 5 – BAB 5: PERBINCANGAN

§ WEBEX 6 – BAB 6: PENUTUP

§ WEBEX 7 – RUJUKAN & LAMPIRAN

§ WEBEX 8 – B13: LAPORAN PENYELIDIKAN

§ TAJUK KAJIAN

§ BAB 1: PENDAHULUAN
§ BAB 2: SOROTAN KARYA

§ BAB 3: METODOLOGI KAJIAN

§ BAB 4: DATA ANALISIS

§ BAB 5: PERBINCANGAN KAJIAN

§ BAB 6: PENUTUP
§ RUJUKAN

§ LAMPIRAN
§ 3.1 PENGENALAN
§ 3.2 POPULASI
§ 3.3 SAMPEL
§ 3.4 RESPONDEN
§ 3.5 ALAT KAJIAN
§ 3.6 CADANGAN ANALISIS DATA
§ Penganalanbagi bab adalah penulisan umum bagi kandungan
yang ada dalam bab tersebut.

§ Bab ini akan memperkatakan mengenai beberapa item

berkaitan metodologi iaitu populasi, sampel, responden, alat
kajian, dan cadangan analisis data.
§ Populasi
adalah jumlah keseluruhan “masyarakat” – pekerja,
kakitangan “di organisasi” bagi kajian.

§ Contoh:
§ Populasi USM = 5,000 orang kakitangan
§ Populasi Pensyarah = 3,000 orang kakitangan
§ Populasi Pentadbir = 2,000 orang kakitangan
§ Sampel adalah pilihan atau sub-populasi bagi kajian.

§ Contoh:
§ USM (terdapat banyak Pusat Pengajian)
§ Sampel kajian = PJJ
§ Populasi: Pensyarah USM = 3,000 orang kakitangan
§ Sampel: Pensyarah PJJ = 60 orang kakitangan
§ Responden adalah individu yang akan menerima borang soal
selidik (BSS) bagi kajian.

§ Contoh:
§ Responden pensyarah PJJ = Individu pensyarah yang bertugas
di PJJ
§ Alat
kajian adalah instrumen yang digunakan bagi
menyediakan soalan dalam borang soal selidik (BSS).
§ Alat
kajian adalah berdasarkan kepada artikel oleh penulis
terdahulu.
§ Jika
buat alat kajian sendiri, mesti melalui proses pilot study
BSS tersebut; 2 peringkat – Pilot Study 1 & Pilot Study 2 [Master
& PhD].
§ Pencarian
alat kajian adalah melalui pengesanan dan
pembacaan artikel (Bab 2, pencarian artikel).
§ Cadangan analisis data adalah berdasarkan – Objektif Kajian.
§ Cadangan analisis data yang akan dilakukan:
§ 1. Analisis Kebolehpercayaan
§ 2. Analisis Kekerapan
§ 3. Analisis Korelasi – mengetahui hubungkait
§ 4. Analisis Regrasi – mengetahuk kesan

§ Senarai
di atas akan dipastikan ianya dilakukan bagi penulisan
dalam Bab 4: Analisis Data.
(Respondent)
 UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA

KAMPUS
KEJURUTERAAN
KAMPUS
INDUK

KAMPUS
KAMPUS USM@BERTAM
KESIHATAN
 UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA

KAMPUS
INDUK

PJJ
KAJIAN GAYA KEPIMPINAN DAN PRESTASI KERJA
DALAM KALANGAN PENSYARAH DI USM

PJJ Populasi = Pensyarah di PJJ

PENSYARAH Sampel = Pensyarah sahaja
Responden = Individu Pensyarah
PENDTADBIRAN
BSS = Edaran kepada Pensyarah PJJ sahaja
§ Simple random sampling
§ Convenience sampling
§ Stratified sampling
§ Systematic sampling
§ Cluster sampling
§ Dyadic sampling
§ Random sampling is analogous to
putting everyone's name into a
hat and drawing out several
names.
§ Each element in the population
has an equal chance of occuring.
§ While this is the preferred way of
sampling, it is often difficult to do.
§ It requires that a complete list of
every element in the population
be obtained.
§ Convenience sampling is very easy
to do, but it's probably the worst
technique to use.
§ In convenience sampling, readily
available data is used.
§ That is, the first people the
surveyor runs into.
§ Stratified sampling also divides the
population into groups called strata.
However, this time it is by some
characteristic, not geographically. For
instance, the population might be
separated into males and females.
§ Stratified random sampling intends to
guarantee that the sample represents
specific sub-groups or strata.
Accordingly, application of stratified
sampling method involves dividing Pensyarah Universiti Awam
population into different subgroups – Program PJJ
(strata) and selecting subjects from (1) USM
each strata in a proportionate (2) UUM
(3) UiTM
manner.
§ Systematic sampling is easier to do than random sampling. In systematic
sampling, the list of elements is "counted off". That is, every kth element is
taken. This is similar to lining everyone up and numbering off "1,2,3,4; 1,2,3,4;
etc". When done numbering, all people numbered 4 would be use.
§ systematic sampling (also called systematic random sampling) every Nth
member of population is selected to be included in the study. It is
a probability sampling method.
§ Cluster sampling is accomplished by
dividing the population into groups
-- usually geographically. These
groups are called clusters or blocks.
The clusters are randomly selected,
and each element in the selected
clusters are used.
§ Cluster sampling (also known as
one-stage cluster sampling) is a
technique in which clusters of
participants representing the
population are identified and
included in the sample. This is a
popular method in conducting
marketing researches.
§ Definitionof the term dyad is something that exists of two
elements or parts. In mathematics it is defined as an operator
which is a combination of two vectors.

KETUA PEKERJA CONTOH:

Suami-Isteri
Bapa-Anak
Ibu-Anak
Pensyarah-Pelajar
BSS Set-A BSS Set-B
 CONTOH TAJUK KAJIAN
KAJIAN GAYA KEPIMPINAN DAN PRESTASI KERJA DALAM KALANGAN
PENSYARAH DI UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA

§ IV – GAYA KEPIMPINAN

§ DV – PRESTASI KERJA
§ POPULASI – PENSYARAH DI USM

§ SAMPEL – PENSYARAH DI PJJ

§ RESPONDEN – INDIVIDU PENSYARAH

§ LOKASI KAJIAN – UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA

 KAJIAN GAYA KEPIMPINAN DAN PRESTASI KERJA
DALAM KALANGAN PENSYARAH DI USM

PJJ Populasi = Pensyarah di PJJ

PENSYARAH Sampel = Pensyarah sahaja
Responden = Individu Pensyarah
PENDTADBIRAN
BSS = Edaran kepada Pensyarah PJJ sahaja
§ Populasi
§ Seluruh pensyarah di USM (6,000 orang)
§ Sampel
§ Pilihan pensyarah hanya di Kampus Induk (3,000 orang)
§ Pilihan teknik pensampelan – Simple random sampling
§ Responden
§ Individu pensyarah di PJJ (70 orang)
§ Alat Kajian
§ Soalan bagi (IV) Gaya Kepimpinan
NOTA:
§ Soalan bagi (DV) Prestasi Kerja Jumlah boleh akses senarai pensyarah
§ Pilihan teknik pensampelan adalah ditentukan oleh penyelidik.
§ Apa pendekatan kajian anda?

§ Pilihan yang ada dan “kebiasaan”:

1. Simple random sampling
2. Convenience sampling
§ Random sampling is analogous to
putting everyone's name into a
hat and drawing out several
names.
§ Each element in the population
has an equal chance of occuring.
§ While this is the preferred way of
sampling, it is often difficult to do.
§ It requires that a complete list of
every element in the population
be obtained.
§ Convenience sampling is very easy
to do, but it's probably the worst
technique to use.
§ In convenience sampling, readily
available data is used.
§ That is, the first people the
surveyor runs into.
 KAJIAN GAYA KEPIMPINAN DAN PRESTASI KERJA
DALAM KALANGAN PENSYARAH DI USM

§ Pencariansoalan bagi IV dan DV kajian.

§ Borang Soal Selidik (BSS); akan diedar untuk kutipan data.

§ Google Scholar
§ Leadership styles + questionnaire + pdf
§ Job performance + questionnaire + pdf
 KAJIAN GAYA KEPIMPINAN DAN PRESTASI KERJA
DALAM KALANGAN PENSYARAH DI USM

IV

DV
IV = Gaya Kepimpinan
DV = Prestasi Kerja
§ Tajuk kajian
§ Penerangan
§ Bahagian A: Demografi
§ Bahagian B: Gaya Kepimpinan
§ Bahagian C: Prestasi Kerja
* APA format Teori ABC
(citation/rujukan) IV – A; DV - B

TEORI ALAT
ITEM SUMBER* IV DV
KAJIAN KAJIAN
Penulis (Tahun). Tajuk IV DV Teori ABC IV – Instrumen A
1 Artikel. Jurnal, Vol(No), DV – Instrumen B
ms.
2 IV DV Teori ABC IV – Instrumen A
3 IV A Teori XYZ IV – Instrumen C
4 IV B Teori ABC IV – Instrumen D
5 IV C Teori XYZ IV – Instrumen A
6 D DV Teori ABC DV – Instrumen B

7 E DV Teori ABC DV – Indtrumen B

8 F DV Teori JKL DV – Instrumen E

9 G DV Teori BNM DV - Instrumen B
Asaari (2020). Kajian Gaya Gaya Kepimpinan Prestasi Kerja Teori X dan Y Gaya Kepimpinan
Kepimpinan dan Prestasi LBDQ-XII
Kerja dalam Kalangan (Stogdil, 1963)
X Pensyarah PJJ. Asian Social
Science, 2(6), 45-60. Prestasi Kerja (?)
Dr. Hasmi
hasmipjj@gmail.com