Nama : Andini Pebriana

No : 05
Kelas : XI F

SEJARAH MATARAM KUNO

Masa kepemimpinan Sanjaya

Sejarah Berdirinya Kerajaan Mataram Kuno

Dinasti Sanjaya
Mataram Kuno merupakan sebuah kerajaan bercorak Hindu-Budha yang didirikan di
Jawa Tengah pada abad ke-8 Masehi. Kerajaan ini didirikan oleh Raja Sanjaya yang bergelar Rakai
Mataram Sang Ratu Sanjaya. Raja Sanjaya dikenal sebagai raja yang bijaksana, cakap dan taat
beragama. Dibawah pemerintahan Sanjaya, wilayah Mataram Kuno mampu diperluas. Terdapat
dua wangsa (dinasti) yang berkuasa di Mataram Kuno Jawa Tengah yaitu Dinasti Sanjaya (Hindu)
dan Syailendra (Buddha). Sedangkan di Jawa Timur diperintah oleh Dinasti Isyana Dinasti yang
memerintah Mataram Kuno.
Dalam Prasasti Canggal yang ditulis Ratu Sanjaya pada 723 M menggunakan aksara
Pallawa. Ratu Sanjaya menceritakan tentang berdirinya lingga atau lambang Siwa . Ratu Sanjaya
juga menuliskan bagaimana ia bisa menjadi pemimpin Kerajaan Mataram Kuno. Sebelumnya,
kerajaan dipimpin oleh Raja Sanna. Terjadinya pertumpahan darah dan perebutan kekuasaan
setelah Raja Sanna meninggal.
Kepemimpinan diteruskan oleh Sanjaya yang merupakan anak Sannaha, saudara
perempuan Sanna. Kerajaan kembali membalik dan rakyat dapat hidup tentram setelah Ratu
Sanjaya naik tahta.
Sementara dalam Prasasti Mantyasih tersebut dijelaskan bahwa Sanjaya merupakan raja
pertama di Kerajaan Mataram Kuno.
Kisah tentang Sanjaya, raja pertama Kerajaan Mataram Kuno terdapat dalam Cerita
Parahyangan yang ditulis saleha kematiannya pada abad 16. Diketahui Sanjaya adalah menantu
dari Tarusbawa. Ia meminta bantuan mertuanya untuk menggulingkan kerajaan Galuh dan
Purbasora.
Sanjaya memiliki dua orang putra dari pernikahan bernama Rakreyan Panaraban dan
Rakai Pikatan. Sepanjang memerintah, Sanjaya membangun sejumlah candi seperti Candi
Cangkuang, Candi Siwa di Dieng, Candi Gedong Songo, dan Candi Badut.
Raja Sanjaya wafat pada pertengahan abad ke 8 M dan kepemimpinannya diteruskan oleh
Rakai Panangkaran. Beberapa teori mengatakan bahwa Rakai Panangkaran adalah anak dari Ratu
Sanjaya yang beragama Hindu. Pasca wafatnya Rakai Panangkaran terjadi perpecahan di Mataram
Kuno yang membagi Kerajaan Mataram Kuno menjadi dua bagian yaitu Mataram Kuno bercorak
Hindu ada di Jawa Tengah bagian utara, sedangkan Mataram Kuno bercorak Buddha ada di Jawa
Tengah bagian selatan.
Namun, teori lain berpendapat bahwa Rakai Pikatan adalah anggota dari Wangsa
Sailendra. Dia merebut Kerajaan Mataram Kuno dari Sanjaya.
Nama : Andini Pebriana
No : 05
Kelas : XI F

ANCIENT MATARAM HISTORY

The reign of Sanjaya

History of the Establishment of the Ancient Mataram Kingdom

Dinasti Sanjaya
Ancient Mataram was a Hindu-Buddhist patterned kingdom founded in Central Java in the
8th century AD. This kingdom was founded by King Sanjaya who had the title Rakai Mataram
Sang Ratu Sanjaya. King Sanjaya was known as a wise, capable and religious king. Under the reign
of Sanjaya, the area of Ancient Mataram was able to expand. There were two dynasties (dynasties)
that ruled in Ancient Mataram, Central Java, namely the Sanjaya (Hindu) and Syailendra
(Buddhist) dynasties. Meanwhile, in East Java, it was ruled by the Isyana Dynasty, the dynasty that
ruled the ancient Mataram.
In the Canggal Inscription written by Ratu Sanjaya in 723 AD using the Pallawa script. Ratu
Sanjaya tells about the establishment of the linga or Shiva symbol. Queen Sanjaya also wrote how
he could become the leader of the Ancient Mataram Kingdom. Previously, the kingdom was led
by King Sanna. There was bloodshed and power struggle after King Sanna died.
The leadership was continued by Sanjaya who was the son of Sannaha, Sanna’s sister. The
kingdom reversed again and the people could live peacefully after Queen Sanjaya ascended the
throne.
Meanwhile, in the Mantyasih Inscription, it is explained that Sanjaya was the first king in
the Ancient Mataram Kingdom.
The story of Sanjaya, the first king of the Ancient Mataram Kingdom, is found in the
Parahyangan Story, which was written by pious death in the 16th century. It is known that Sanjaya
is the son-in-law of Tarusbawa. He asked his parents-in-law for help to overthrow the Galuh and
Purbasora kingdoms.
Sanjaya has two sons from a marriage named Rakreyan Panaraban and Rakai Pikatan.
During his reign, Sanjaya built a number of temples such as the Cangkuang Temple, the Shiva
Temple in Dieng, the Gedong Songo Temple, and the Clown Temple.
King Sanjaya died in the middle of the 8th century AD and his leadership was continued
by Rakai Panangkaran. Some theories say that Rakai Panangkaran is the son of Queen Sanjaya
who is Hindu. After the death of Rakai Panangkaran, a split occurred in Ancient Mataram which
divided the Ancient Mataram Kingdom into two parts, namely Ancient Mataram with a Hindu
style in the northern part of Central Java, while Ancient Mataram with a Buddhist style was in the
southern part of Central Java.
However, another theory argues that Rakai Pikatan is a member of the Sailendra dynasty.
He seized the Ancient Mataram Kingdom from Sanjaya.