DAFTAR ISI

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ........................................................................... i

LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN .......................................................................... ii

KATA PENGANTAR .................................................................................... iii

DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................... v

DAFTAR GAMBAR ...................................................................................... viii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................... 1

I.1 Latar Belakang .................................................................................. 1

I.2 Rumusan Masalah ............................................................................. 3

I.3 Tujuan Penelitian............................................................................... 3

I.4 Manfaat Penelitian............................................................................. 4

I.5 Batasan Masalah ................................................................................ 4

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA .................................................................... 5

II.1 Tanaman Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L) ................................. 5

II.1.1 Klasifikasi .............................................................................. 5

II.1.2 Morfologi Tanaman Kirinyuh ................................................ 7

II.1.3 Kandungan Daun Kirinyuh .................................................... 7

II.2 Skrining Fitokimia ........................................................................... 8

II.3 Ekstraksi ........................................................................................... 10

II.3.1 Maserasi ................................................................................. 11

II.4 Bakteri .............................................................................................. 11

II.4.1 Bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis ...................................... 13

II.4.2 Bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa.......................................... 14

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 II.5 Antibakteri ....................................................................................... 15

II.6 Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri.................................................................. 17

II.6.1 Metode Difusi ........................................................................ 17

II.6.2 Metode Dilusi......................................................................... 18

BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ............................................................... 19

III.1 Waktu dan Tempat Penelitian......................................................... 19

III.2 Alat dan Bahan ............................................................................... 19

III.2.1 Alat ....................................................................................... 19

III.2.2 Bahan .................................................................................... 19

III.3 Prosedur Kerja ................................................................................ 19

III.3.1 Preparasi Sampel .................................................................. 20

III.3.2 Pembuatan Ekstrak Daun Kirinyuh ...................................... 20

III.3.3 Skrining Fitokimia ................................................................ 20

III.3.3.1 Uji Flavonoid ......................................................... 20

III.3.3.2 Uji Alkaloid ........................................................... 21

III.3.3.3 Uji Steroid dan Terpenoid...................................... 21

III.3.3.4 Uji Saponin ............................................................ 21

III.3.3.5 Uji Tanin ................................................................ 21

III.3.4 Pengujian Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Kirinyuh

(Chromolaena odorata L) dengan Metode Dilusi ............... 21

III.3.4.1 Sterilisasi Alat ........................................................ 21

III.3.4.2 Pembuatan Medium Nutrien Agar (NA) ............... 22

III.3.4.3 Pembuatan Medium Nutrien Borth (NB)............... 22

III.3.4.4 Peremajaan Bakteri Uji .......................................... 22

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 III.3.4.5 Pembuatan Suspensi Bakteri .................................. 22

III.3.4.6 Pembuatan Larutan Standar McFarland 0,5 .......... 22

III.3.4.7 Pembuatan Kontrol Positif dan Kontrol Negatif.... 23

III.3.4.8 Pembuatan Seri Konsentrasi .................................. 23

III.3.4.9 Uji Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM)

dan Konsentrasi Bunuh Minimun (KBM) .............. 23
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..................................................................................... 25

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 DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar II.1 Tanaman Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L) ............................ 7
Gambar II.2 Struktur Flavonoid ....................................................................... 9
Gambar II.3 Struktur Saponin .......................................................................... 9
Gambar II.4 Struktur Alkoloid ......................................................................... 9
Gambar II.5 Struktur Terpenoid....................................................................... 10
Gambar II.6 Struktur Steroid............................................................................ 10
Gambar II.7 Struktur Tanin .............................................................................. 10
Gambar II.8 Bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis ............................................ 12
Gambar II.9 Bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa ............................................... 13

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