Sains Tingkatan 5

MIKROORGANISMA
BAB 1 MICROORGANISMS

PRAKTIS MASTERI SPM • Pemboleh ubah dimalarkan:

Jenis bakteria
Soalan Objektif Constant variable: Type of bacteria
1. A 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C (iii) Larutan kultur bakteria Bacillus sp.
6. B 7. D 8. C dan agar-agar nutrien steril
Bacillus sp. culture solution and
sterile nutrient agar
Soalan Subjektif
Bahagian A / Section A
1. (a) (i) Suhu / Temperature
(ii) Keadaan bubur nutrien A
Appearance of nutrient broth Di dalam almari gelap
Inside a dark cupboard
(ii) Jenis bakteria / Types of bacteria
Larutan kultur bakteria Bacillus sp.
(b) Bakteria tumbuh dengan baik pada suhu 37°C. dan agar-agar nutrien steril
Bacteria grow well at the temperature of 37°C. Bacillus sp. culture solution and
(c) Bakteria ialah mikroorganisma yang menyebabkan sterile nutrient agar

larutan bubur nutrien menjadi keruh pada suhu

37°C.
Bacteria are microorganisms which cause the nutrient
broth to become cloudy at the temperature of 37°C. B
2. (a) Mukor tumbuh di atas permukaan roti lembap. Di kawasan cerah
In a bright area
Mucor grow on the surface of moist bread.
(b) Kulat / Fungi 1. Dua piring Petri yang mengandungi agar-
(c) Kulat memerlukan kelembapan / air untuk agar nutrien steril dilabelkan sebagai A
pertumbuhan dan pembiakannya. dan B.
Fungi need humidity / water to grow and reproduce. Two Petri dishes containing sterile nutrient
agar are labelled as A and B.
(d) (i) Kelembapan / Humidity
2. Dengan menggunakan dawai gelung
(ii) Pertumbuhan fungi
steril, 1 cm3 kultur Bacillus subtilis
Growth of fungi
dipindahkan ke dalam setiap piring Petri.
Bahagian B / Section B Using a sterile wire loop, 1 cm3 of Bacillus
subtilis is transferred into each Petri dish.
3. (a) (i) K dan M / K and M
3. Kedua-dua piring Petri ditutup dan
(ii) J dan L / J and L
dilekatkan serta-merta menggunakan pita
(b) (i) Alga / Algae
selofan.
(ii) Fotosintesis / Photosynthesis Both Petri dishes are covered and sealed
(c) (i) Mukor / Kulapuk roti / Mucor / Bread mould immediately using cellophane tape.
(ii) Pembentukan spora / Formation of spores 4. Kedua-dua piring Petri diterbalikkan.
Both Petri dishes are inverted.
Bahagian C / Section C 5. Piring Petri A diletakkan di dalam
4. (a) Apakah kesan cahaya terhadap pertumbuhan almari dan piring Petri B diletakkan
bakteria? berhampiran tingkap.
What is the effect of light on the growth of bacteria? Petri dish A is kept in a cupboard and Petri
(b) Semakin gelap keadaan, semakin tinggi kadar dish B is placed near a window.
pertumbuhan bakteria. 6. Selepas dua hari, bilangan koloni
The darker the condition, the higher the growth rate bakteria di dalam setiap piring Petri
of bacteria. diperhatikan dan direkodkan.
(c) (i) Untuk mengkaji kesan cahaya terhadap After two days, the number of bacterial
pertumbuhan bakteria colonies in each Petri dish is observed and
To study the effect of light on the growth of recorded.
bacteria (iv)
(ii) • Pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan: Bilangan koloni
Kehadiran cahaya Kehadiran
Piring Petri bakteria
Manipulated variable: Presence of light Petri dish
cahaya
Number of bacterial
Presence of light
• Pemboleh ubah bergerak balas: colonies
Bilangan koloni bakteria A Tiada / Absent
Responding variable:
Number of bacterial colonies B Ada / Present

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