(Riskesdas, 2018, )
Treatment Gap di
negara berkembang
• Terjadi kesenjangan antara individu yang
membutuhkan perawatan dan mereka yang
menerimanya (Jansen et al., 2015; Patel et al.,
2011).
• sebagian besar orang dengan depresi dan
kecemasan di LMIC tidak menerima perawatan
yang diperlukan
• Hanya 13,7% yang menerima perawatan untuk
kondisi kesehatan mental mereka (Evans-Lacko
et al., 2018).
• Jadi dari 58,476,897 orang dengan depresi,
hanya 8,010,691 orang yang mendapatkan
layanan psikologi, sisanya sekitar 50,466,205
orang tidak mendapatkan penanganan dari
tenaga profesional
Pathway to care
• Mengacu pada proses yang ditempuh seseorang mulai dari menyadari bahwa
mereka mungkin memerlukan bantuan untuk masalah kesehatan mental hingga
mendapatkan perawatan dan dukungan yang sesuai.
Mental Monitoring
Help Undergoing Discharge/t
health seeking treatment ermination and relapse
crisis prevention
• Tren Spesifik Usia: Angka bunuh diri meningkat dari usia 10 hingga
16 tahun, mencapai puncaknya pada usia 26 hingga 30 tahun, dan
kemudian menurun antara 46 hingga 50 tahun2. Terdapat
peningkatan yang mencolok pada angka bunuh diri pada kelompok
usia 66 hingga 70 tahun.
• Chowdhary, N., et al. (2016). ‘The healthy activity program lay counsellor delivered treatment for severe depression in india: Systematic development and randomised evaluation’ Br J
Psychiatry, 208 (4), pp. 381-8. DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.114.161075.
• Dalgleish, T., Black, M., Johnston, D. & Bevan, A. (2020). ‘Transdiagnostic approaches to mental health problems: Current status and future directions’ J Consult Clin Psychol, 88 (3), pp.
179-195. DOI: 10.1037/ccp0000482.
• Evans-Lacko, S., et al. (2018). ‘Socio-economic variations in the mental health treatment gap for people with anxiety, mood, and substance use disorders: Results from the who world
mental health (wmh) surveys’ Psychological Medicine, 48 (9), pp. 1560-1571. DOI: 10.1017/S0033291717003336 Available at:
https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/C63453B79C8A765299DD846C12430264.
• Jansen, S., et al. (2015). ‘The "treatment gap" in global mental health reconsidered: Sociotherapy for collective trauma in rwanda’ Eur J Psychotraumatol, 6 p. 28706. DOI:
10.3402/ejpt.v6.28706.
• Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (2020). 'Global burden of disease study 2019 (gbd 2019) results'. Available at: https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/ (Accessed March
10th, 2024).
• Onie, S., et al. (2024). ‘Indonesia's first suicide statistics profile: An analysis of suicide and attempt rates, underreporting, geographic distribution, gender, method, and rurality’ Lancet
Reg Health Southeast Asia, 22 p. 100368. DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2024.100368.
• Patel, V., Chowdhary, N., Rahman, A. & Verdeli, H. (2011). ‘Improving access to psychological treatments: Lessons from developing countries’ Behaviour Research and Therapy, 49 (9),
pp. 523-528. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2011.06.012 Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005796711001343.
• Rahman, A., et al. (2008). ‘Cognitive behaviour therapy-based intervention by community health workers for mothers with depression and their infants in rural pakistan: A cluster-
randomised controlled trial’ Lancet, 372 (9642), pp. 902-9. DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61400-2.
• Rathod, S., et al. (2017). ‘Mental health service provision in low- and middle-income countries’ Health Serv Insights, 10 p. 1178632917694350. DOI: 10.1177/1178632917694350.
• Shafran, R., Myles-Hooton, P., Bennett, S. & Öst, L.-G. (2021). ‘The concept and definition of low
• Shahmalak, U., Blakemore, A., Waheed, M. W. & Waheed, W. (2019). ‘The experiences of lay health workers trained in task-shifting psychological interventions: A qualitative systematic
review’ International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 13 (1), p. 64. DOI: 10.1186/s13033-019-0320-9 Available at: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13033-019-0320-9.
• WHO (2021). Mental health atlas 2020. Geneva: World Health Organization
• WHO (2022). World mental health report: Transforming mental health for all. Geneva: World Health Organization