Pengertian tanah
Material yang terdiri dari butiran mineral-mineral padat
(agregat) yang tidak tersementasi satu sama lain, dan atau dari
bahan organik yang melapuk, dimana diantara butiran terdapat
ruang-ruang kosong yang terisi oleh zat cair dan udara.
TANAH
menumpuk
Pelapukan
dan erosi
Sediments
Penimbunan terus
menerus dan
pengerasan
gk
at
T
te em
an
ka p
)
na e
r
n at
ya ur
ng da
tin n
gg
i
an
lift
up
Up
lift
(p
en
g
Sedimentary
rocks
Batuan beku
(Igneous rocks)
Metamorphic rocks
membeku
Peristiwa vulkanik
(gunung berapi)
3. JENIS TANAH
A. TANAH RESIDU
(RESIDUAL SOIL):
Tanah yang
terbentuk oleh
penumpukan produk
pelapukan batuan
ditempat asalnya.
(Gambar 1.2)
4. PARTIKEL
TANAH
Kerikil ( gravel)
Pasir ( sand)
Lanau (silt)
Lempung ( clay)
G
S
M
C
5. MINERAL LEMPUNG
Kaolinite
Illite
Monmorillonite / Bentonite
Dan lain-lain.
Gambar 1.10.:
Diagram of the
structure of (a)
kaolinite;
Gambar 1.11.
Electron photomicrograph of well-crystallized
kaolinite from St Austell, Cornwall, England.
Picture width is
17m ( Tovey,1971).
Gambar 1.12.
Diagram of the
structure of (b) illite
Gambar 1.13.
Scanning electron photomicrograph of illitesmectite clay in a tight gas reservoir pore space.
Clays in the tight rocks complicate interpretation
of reservoir quality and can impede gas recovery.
Bar is 10 micrometers long.
Gambar 1.14.
Gambar 1.15.
Gambar 1.16.
Gambar 1.17.
Electron photomicrograph of
well-crystallized kaolinite from
St Austell, Cornwall, England.
Picture width is 17m
(Tovey,1971)
Electron photomicrograph of
halloysite from
Bedford,Indiana. Picture width
is 2m (Tovey,1971)
Gambar 1.18.
Electron photomicrograph of ilite from Morris, llinois. (Tovey,1971)
Concentration of ions
Clay
surface
Catio
n
Anio
n