Pengertian
Komposisi fungsi adalah penggabungan operasi dua fungsi berurutan sehingga
menghasilkan sebuah fungsi baru.
Misalkan: f : A B dan g : B C
x
y=f(x)
f
z=g(y)
g
h=gf
i. f(x) = ax + b; a 0 f -1(x) =
b 2 4a(c x)
2a
Catatan:
Fungsi kuadrat secara umum tidak mempunyai invers, tetapi dapat mempunyai
invers jika domainnya dibatasi.
Contoh 5:
Diketahui f: R R dengan f(x) = 2x - 5. Tentukan f -1 (x)!
Cara 1:
y = 2x - 5 (yang berarti x = f -1(y))
2x = y + 5
y5
2
x5
f -1(x) =
2
x=
Cara 2:
x b
a
x
5
f(x) = 2x 5 f -1(x) =
2
f(x) = ax + b f -1(x) =
Contoh 6:
Diketahui f x
Cara 1:
y
2x 1
,
x4
x R, x 4 Tentukan f 1 (x) !
2x 1
x4
y(x - 4) = 2x + 1
yx 4y = 2x + 1
yx 2x = 4y + 1
x(y 2) = 4y + 1
x=
4y 1
y-2
f -1(x) =
4x 1
x-2
Cara 2:
ax b
f -1(x) =
cx d
2x 1
f x
f -1(x) =
x4
f(x) =
dx b
cx a
4x 1
x-2
Contoh 7:
Jika f x
Cara 1:
2x
,
3x 4
x R, x
4
dan f 1 (k) 1 . Tentukan nilai k!
3
2x
3x 4
y(3x - 4) = 2x
3xy 4y = 2x
3xy 2x = 4y
x(3y 2) = 4y
x=
4y
3y - 2
4x
3x - 2
4k
f -1(k) =
3k - 2
4k
1=
3k - 2
f -1(x) =
3k 2 = 4k
k = -2
Cara 2:
f -1(k) = a k = f(a)
f 1 (k) 1
k = f(1) =
2.1
2
2
3.1 4 1
Contoh 8:
Diketahui f(x) = 52x, tentukan f 1 (x)!
Cara 1:
y = 52x (ingat rumus logaritma: a n = b n =
2x = 5 log y
15
log y
2
1
f 1 (x) = 5 log x
2
x=
Cara 2:
1a
log x
c
1
f 1 (x) = 5 log x
2
Contoh 9:
Diketahui f(x) = x2 6x + 4, tentukan f1 (x)!
Cara 1:
y = x2 6x + 4
y 4 = x2 6x
y 4 = (x 3) 2 9
y + 5 = (x 3) 2
x3= y5
x=3 y5
log b )
f 1 (x) = 3
x 5
Cara 2:
b b2 4a(c x)
2a
6
36
4(4
x)
3
f(x) = x2 6x + 4 f -1(x) =
2
36 16 4 x
3 5 x
4
Contoh 10:
Diketahui f ( x) 5 1 x 3 2 , tentukan f 1 (x)!
Cara 1:
y 5 1 x3 2
y 2 = 5 1 x3
(y 2)5 = 1 x3
x3 = 1 - (y 2)5
x = 3 1 ( y 2)5
f 1 (x) = 3 1 ( x 2)5
Cara 2:
f ( x)
1
a bx m c f (x) =
f ( x ) 5 1 x 3 2 f 1 (x) =
a ( x c)n
b
1 ( x 2) 5
3 1 ( x 2)5
(1)
g(x) = 3 2x g -1(x) =
f(x) = [g
f(x) =
-1
3 x
2
o (g o f)](x)
3 (2 x 2 2 x 12) 2 x 2 2 x 15
x 2 x 7,5
2
2
Contoh 12:
Diketahui f(x) = 2x -1 dan (g o f)(x) =
Cara 1:
(g o f)(x) =
2x 5
, tentukan rumus fungsi g(x)!
12 x 6
2x 5
12 x 6
2x 5
12 x 6
g(f(x)) =
g(2x-1) =
2x 5
12 x 6
Misalkan: 2x 1 = a x =
a 1
2
5
2
g(a) =
a 1
12
6
2
a 1 5
a 1
2
a4
g(a) = 6(a 1) 6 =
6a
g(x) =
x4
6x
Cara 2:
2x 5
12 x 6
2x 5
g(f(x)) =
12 x 6
2x 5
g(2x-1) =
12 x 6
(2 x 1) 4
g(2x-1) =
6(2 x 1)
x4
g(x) =
6x
(g o f)(x) =
Cara 3:
f(x) = 2x -1 f -1(x) =
x 1
2
x 1
2
5
x 1 5
x4
2
g(x) =
x 1
6( x 1) 6
6x
12
6
2
y=f(x)
z=g(y)
gf
y=f(x)
-1
z=g(y)
-1
(g f) -1
1
1
, x . Tentukan (f o g) - 1(x)!
3x 1
3
Cara 1:
(f o g)(x) = 2(
2 3(3x 1) 9x 1
1
)3=
3x 1
3x 1
3x 1
Misalkan y = (f o g)(x)
y=
9x 1
3x 1
y(3x+1) = -9x 1
3xy + y = -9x 1
3xy + 9x = -y 1
x (3y + 9) = -(y + 1)
x=
(y 1)
3y 9
(f o g) - 1(x) =
x 1
3x 9
Cara 2:
2 3(3x 1) 9x 1
1
)3=
3x 1
3x 1
3x 1
x 1
x 1
(f o g) - 1(x) =
3x 9
3x 9
(f o g)(x) = 2(
Contoh 14:
Diketahui f - 1(x) =
Cara 1:
1
4x 5
x - 2, g - 1(x) =
dan h(x)=(g o f)(x). tentukan h - 1(x)!
2
x2
1
x2
2
f - 1(x) =
f(x) = 2x + 4
g - 1(x) =
4x 5
x2
4g(x) + 5 = x.g(x)- 2x
4g(x) x.g(x) = -2x 5
g(x)(4 - x) = -2x 5
g(x) =
2x 5
2x 5
4x
4x
h(x) = (g o f)(x)
2(2x 4) 5 4x 13
4 (2x 4)
2x
13
h - 1(x) =
2x 4
h(x) = -
Cara 2:
h(x) = (g o f)(x) h - 1(x) = (g o f) - 1 (x) = (f -1 o g -1)(x) = f -1( g -1(x))
h - 1(x) =
4x 5 2(2x 4) 4x 5 4x 8
4x 5
13
1 4x 5
2
.
-2=
2
x2
2x 4
2x 4
2x 4
2x 4
Contoh 15:
Ditentukan f(x) = 2x 1, dan g(x) = 3 x dan h(x) =
o g o f) 1 (x) = 1!
Cara 1:
(go f)(x) = 3 (2x 1) = 4 2x
(h o (g o f))(x) =
4
, x 0 , carilah nilai x sehingga (h
x
4
4 2x
4
4 2x
4y 2xy = 4
-2xy = 4 4y
4 4y
x = 2y
2y 2
y
(h o g o f) 1 (x) =
2x 2
=1
x
2x 2
x
2x 2 = x
x=2
Cara 2:
(go f)(x) = 3 (2x 1) = 4 2x
(h o (g o f))(x) =
4
4 2x
(h o g o f) 1 (x) = a x = (h o g o f) (a)
(h o g o f) 1 (x) = 1 x = (h o g o f) (1) =
4
4
2
4 2.1 2