Dasar Perhitungan Pneumatik 11
Dasar Perhitungan Pneumatik 11
Dasar Perhitungan Pneumatik 11
Volume
1 ft
= 0.3084 m
1liter
1 inch
= 2.540 cm
1 gal
1 mile
= 5280 ft
1ft3
= 1.6093 km
1 inch
1 km
= 1000 m
1m
= 100 cm
1 cm
Massa
1 Ib(m)
= 10 -3 m 3 = 1 dm3
= 3.7854 liter
= 28.317 liter
3
= 16.387 cm 3
Gaya
= 0.45359237 kg
1Ibf
= 4.4482 N
= 7000 grain
1N
= 1 kg-m/s2
1 kg
= 1000 g
1 ton
= 0.22481 Ibf
1 ton
= 1000 kg
1 slug
= 32.174 Ibm
= 14.5939 kg
= 444, 800 dyne
Tekanan
1 kPa
= I000 N/m2 = 20.886 Ibf /ft2
1 atm
= 760 torr = 1.01325 x 10 5 N/m 2
1 Pa
= 1 N/m2
1 bar
= 1.105 Pa
1 bar
= 0.9869 atm
Energi
1 torr
1J
= 1 mm Hg
= 1 kg-m2 /s 2
= 1.933 10 -2 psi
1 mm Hg = 0.01934 Ibf /in2 = 10 7 erg
1 erg
= 1 dyne-cm
1 kalori = 4.186 J
1 Btu
= 252.16 kal
1 in. Hg = 0.491 Ibf /in 2
= 1.05504 kJ
1 ft-lbf
= 1.3558 J
1dyne/cm 2 = 10 -1 N/m 2
1 ev
= 1.602 x 10 -19 J
1W
= 1 J/s
Temperatur/suhu
C=5 R=4 F=9
o
R
= 4/5 x oC
C
= 5/4 x oR
o
= (9/5 x oC) + 32o
o F
C
= 5/9 x (oF-32o)
1 K = 1.8 R
K = C + 273.15
o
A. Pe = A. P atm + W,
Dimana :
A
h
Pe
Pe
P =
1 ,6x10
d5
1,85
xQ xL Pa
xPabs
(m2) dengan
(m3/dtk)
melewati
melalui
saluran
yang
V
Q1 = Q2 , sehingga
V =
2
Vmundur = Q
A
A
Dimana :
V = kecepatan torak (m/s)
Q = debit aliran udara (ltr/mnt) A =
luas Penampang Torak (m2) An= A-Ak
(m2)
Gambar 54. Analisis Kecepatan Torak
Q maju = A. S. n .
Q mundur = A. S. n .
(Pe + P atm )
P
=.....(ltr/mn)
atm
(Pe + P atm )
P
(lt/mnt)
atm
Dimana:
S = Langkah torak (m)
Pe = Tekanan (N/m2)
A = Luas Penampang (m2)
An = A-Ak (m2)
Ak = Luas batang torak (m2)
n = Banyaknya langkah (kali/menit)
Kebutuhan udara bertekanan yang diperlukan (Q) juga dapat dicari melalui
rumus:
D2 S
Q =0,
7854
( P + 101 , 3 x 10
)
101 ,3
x
10
12
m3/s
(Majumdar, 2001)
P2 = Q . Pe
P2 =
P1 =
Q Pe
600
P
(kW)
A1
Dimana :