TOEFL SKILLS

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STRUCTURE
Week 5
Ingat dan laksanakan selalu

6 Kewajiban Siswa Sekolah TOEFL
1. Siswa WAJIB mendownload dan mengerjakan Handbook Mingguan. Tidak boleh minta
handbook dengan siswa yang lain.
2. Siswa WAJIB merespon Questions of the Day yang diberikan di Facebook Group
setiap 2 hari sekali. Questions of the Day juga dapat diaksses di blog sdsafadg.com
dibagian QOTD.
3. Siswa WAJIB mengikuti Temu Online setiap hari Minggu pukul 20.00 22.00 WIB di
Facebook Group masing-masing. Bila siswa berhalangan hadir, inbox mentor Budi
Waluyo.
4. Siswa WAJIB menge-like atau komen postingan yang disebar saat Temu Online sebagai
indikasi kehadirannya.
5. Siswa WAJIB menge-like atau komen setiap kali ada postingan informasi yang disebar
di Grup FB agar keaktifan grup terjaga.
6. Siswa WAJIB menjaga handbook dan materi lainnya yang dibagikan di Sekolah TOEFL.
Tidak membagi atau menggunakannya untuk kepentingan yang lain.
Kontak Mentor Assistant (MA)

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* Bukan hanya Kau yang ingin Meraih Mimpi itu *
Yang sedang duduk berdiam diri sadar kalau yang berjalan sedang melewatinya. Yang berjalan paham
kalau yang berlari tengah cepat mendahuluinya. Yang berlari tahu kalau ada banyak yang harus mereka
kejar. Kalau semuanya menuju ke satu tujuan yang sama, yang manakah yang cepat sampai tujuan?
Pasti semua akan menjawab yang berlari cepat. Artinya, mereka yang bergerak, tidak hanya sekedar
berjalan menggerakkan kaki, tapi melipatgandakan langkah dalam setiap hitungan waktu.
Kawan, satu hal yang pasti: yang duduk berdiam diri itu tidak akan bisa mendahului yang berjalan. Yang
berjalan harus bisa mempercepat langkahnya agar bisa mengejar yang berlari. Yang berlari pun masih
harus menambah kecepatan langkahnya agar bisa mengejar yang lebih cepat.
Kita semua punya mimpi yang ingin diraih, tapi terkadang kita lupa kalau banyak orang juga yang ingin
meraih mimpi yang sama dengan kita. Ini membuat kita hanya mengukur usaha pada apa yang sudah diri
kita lakukan. Merasa sudah melakukan banyak usaha. Kita lupa membandingkan usaha yang telah kita
lakukan dengan yang telah dilakukan oleh orang lain.
Kita akan selalu merasa sudah melakukan yang terbaik ketika hanya memperhitungkan diri sendiri.
Cobalah lihat orang lain.. Disaat kita sedang duduk, mereka mungkin berjalan.. Kita berjalan, mereka
mungkin berlari.. Kita tidak pernah tahu apa yang mereka lakukan.. Tapi kita tahu mereka mungkin
menuju satu impian yang sama dengan kita..
Jangan pernah merasa puas dengan apa yang sudah dilakukan. Selalu ada celah untuk perbaikan,
apalagi ketika impian masih belum diraih..
Sadari, bukan hanya Kau yang ingin Meraih Mimpi itu, maka bergegaslah, terus bergerak, persiapkan
semuanya dengan baik, disiplinkan diri, dan fokus..!!
- - - - Budi Waluyo
"Success is walking from failure to failure with no loss of enthusiasm."
---- Winston Churchill

W
eek 5
Inverted Subject and Verb
Di skil 15-19 akan dibahas tentang membalikkan (invert) subject dan verb dalam
bahasa Inggris. Yang awalnya kita belajar bahwa subject muncul lebih dahulu
baru kemudian muncul verb, di skil ini kita akan mempelajari kalimat dengan
subject dan verb dibalikkan (sentence with inverted subjects and verbs).
Contoh kalimat yang subject dan verb dibalikkan:
He can go to the movies.
Menjadi: Can he go to the movies?
You would tell me the truth.
Menjadi: Would you tell me the truth?
Bentuk kalimat yang diinversi paling umum ditemukan di kalimat tanya, dimana
kata kerja bantu seperti can, does, dan lain-lain muncul lebih dahulu dari subject.
Tetapi, kalimat yang diinversi bukan hanya di tipe pertanyaan. Skil-skil di bawah
ini akan membahasanya.
Pahami setiap situasi yang berbeda di setiap skil agar bisa menjawab soal yang
menggunakan inverted subjects dan verbs.
Skil 15: Membalikkan subject dan verb dengan kata-kata tanya
Membalikkan (inverting) subject dan verb setelah kata tanya what, when, where,
why, dan how bisa sedikit membingungkan.
Ada dua fungsi yang harus dipahami dalam menggunakan kata-kata tanya:
1. Berfungsi sebagai kata tanya.
Dalam fungsi pertama ini, ada perbedaan yang harus diingat:

Pertama, bila kalimat memiliki to be, maka polanya: kata tanya + tobe + subject?
Contoh: What is your name? Who are they? Where is he?
Jenis tobe bisa dilihat di skil sebelumnya.
Kedua, bila kalimat memiliki kata kerja, maka polanya: kata tanya + kata kerja
bantu + subject + verb?
Contoh: Where do you live? Who do you love? What does she like?
Di kalimat ini, do dan does adalah kata kerja bantu, bukan kata kerja sebenarnya.
Pahami jenis-jenis kata kerja bantu agar bisa memahami cara membangun
sebuah kalimat tanya dengan menggunakan kata tanya. Masing-masing tenses
memiliki kata kerja bantu yang berbeda. Berikut daftarnya:
2. Berfungsi untuk memperkenalkan sebuah pertanyaan.
Dalam fungsi kedua ini, kalimat yang menggunakan kata tanya tidak
menggunakan kata kerja bantu dan kata tanya tidak muncul di awal.
Kalimat di dahului oleh satu klausa.
Polanya: klausa + kata tanya + Subject dan Verb (seperti kalimat positif)
Pola ini yang membedakan antara fungsi pertama dan kedua.
Contoh:
I do not know what your name is.
I know where you live.
Perhatikan, di dua kalimat ini setelah kata tanya ada subject dan verb.
Berikut ringkasan jenis kata tanya dan pola dari kedua fungsi yang disebut di
atas:
Kerjakan Exercise 15 dibawah ini dan siapkan saat Temu Online dengan
Mentor.
Note:
Maksimal salah 2. Jika lebih dari 2, ulangi baca materi kemudian kerjakan
kembali latihan.
Siapkan exercise yang sudah dikerjakan saat Temu Online untuk dikoreksi
bersama.
Exercise 15
Petunjuk:
Setiap kalimat dibawah ini berisi sebuah kata tanya. Temukan kata tanya dan subject
dan verb. Ingat, bila ada dua klausa berarti bisa jadi ada 2 subject dan verb. Kemudian,
tentukan apakah kalimat salah atau benar.
Contoh:
1. The phone company is not certain when will the new directories be ready.
Answer: Kata tanya = when. Pada klausa pertama, subject = phone company dan verb =
is. Pada klausa kedua, subject directories dan verb = will be. Kalimat salah, karena ini
bukan kalimat tanya jadi subject dan verb tidak diinversi setelah kata tanya when.
2. The professor does not understand why so many studentsn did poorly on the exam.
Answer:
3. How new students can get information about parking?
Answer:
4. Where is it cheapest to get typeset copies printed?
Answer:
5. Only the pilot can tell you how far can the plane go on one tank of fuel.
Answer:
6. What type of security does he prefer for his investments?
Answer:
7. Not even the bank president knows when the vault will be opened.
Answer:
8. How long it has been since you arrived in the United States?
Answer:
9. The jury doubts what the witness said under cross-examination.
Answer:
10. Do you know why he wants to take an extended leave of absence?

Answer:
------- ------- ------- -------- ------- --------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ---
Skil 16: Membalikkan subject dan verb dengan ekspresi tempat
Untuk skil ini, ekspresi tempat muncul di awal kalimat, bukan subject.
Contoh ekspresi tempat: here, there, nowhere, in ..., around ..., beyond ...
Kalimat biasa contohnya:
The clothes are in the closet.
Sam's house is around the corner.
Kalimat yang dibalikkan (inversi) contohnya:
In the closet are the clothes.
Around the corner is Sam's house.
Penting: bila soal menggunakan kalimat yang diinversi, harus diingat

subjectnya bukan di awal kalimat melainkan setelah tobe atau kata
kerja.
Contoh:
In the forest are many exotic birds.
Di kalimat ini, many exotic birds adalah subject, are sebagai predikat pengganti
verb, dan in the forest sebagai ekspresi tempat.
Contoh soal:
On the second level of the parking lot

(A) Is empty
(B) Are empty
(C) Some empty stalls are
(D) Are some empty talls
Di soal ini, terlihat kalimat di awali oleh expresi tempat, maka subjecnya muncul
setelah verb atau to be. Subject harus berupa benda. Hati-hati dengan bentuk
subject plural dan singular karena akan mempengaruhi to be di depannya.
Pilihan (A) salah, karena setelah to be bukan kata benda tetapi kata sifat yang
tidak bisa menjadi subject.
Pilihan (B) salah, karena setelah to be bukan kata benda tetapi kata sifat yang
tidak bisa menjadi subject.
Pilihan (C) salah, karena subject muncul sebelum to be.
Pilihan (D) benar, karena subjectnya some empty talls, dimana jamak (plural),
dan di dahului tobe jamak 'are'.
Mentor.
Note:
kembali latihan.
bersama.
Exercise 16
Petunjuk:
Setiap kaliamt dibawah ini berisi ekspresi keterangan tempat diawal kalimat. Temukan
keterangan tempat tersebut, subject dan verb. Kemudian, tentukan apakah kalimat
salah atau benar.
Contoh:
1. In front of the house were some giant trees.
Answer: Expresi tempat = In front of the house. Subject = trees. Verb = were. Kalimat
benar.
2. There a big house is on the corner.
Answer: Expresi tempat = there. Subject = house. Verb = is. Kalimat salah karena
seharusnya verb mendahului subject, menjadi there is a big house on the corner.
3. In the cave was a vast treasure of gems and jewels.

Answer:
4. To the north the stream is that the settlers will have to cross.
Answer:
5. Around the corner are the ofces that you are trying to nd.
Answer:
6. At the Italian restaurant was the food too spicy for my taste.
Answer:
7. Nowhere in the world farmers can grow such delicious food.
Answer:
8. In the backyard the two trees are that need to be pruned.
Answer:
9. Around the recreation hall and down the path are the tents where we will be staying
this week.
Answer:
10. In the apartment next to mine a man and a woman were having a heated discussion.
Answer:
------- ------- ------- -------- ------- --------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ---
Skil 17: Membalikkan subject dan verb dengan negatif (negatives)
Subject dan verb bisa dibalikkan dalam kalimat yang mengekspresikan 'negatif'.
Ketika beberapa exkpresi negatif seperti no, not, atau never, muncul di awal
kalimat, subject dan verb bisa dibalikkan.
Contoh:
Not once did I miss a question.
Bentuk kalimat ini sebenarnya: I did not once miss a question.
Never has Mr. Jones taken a vacation.
Bentuk kalimat ini sebenarnya: Mr. Jones has never taken a vacation.
Perhatikan contoh dua kalimat diatas, ada dua hal yang perlu diperhatikan:
1. Ekspresi negatif muncul di awal kalimat.
2. Kata kerja bantu seperti did dan has muncul setelah ekspresi negatif lalu
diikuti oleh subject. Untuk daftar jenis kata kerja bantu, lihat di skil
sebelumnya.
Di soal biasanya yang muncul adalah kalimat negatif yang sudah dibalikkan.
Jadi, memahami bagaimana pola kalimat penting agar bisa menemukan jawaban
yang dibutuhkan oleh kalimat.
Perhatikan kembali contoh lain dibawah ini sembari pikirkan dua hal yang perlu
diperhatikan tersebut:
Hardly ever does he take time off.
Di kalimat ini, ekspresi negatif tidak menggunakan no tetapi hardly, yang berarti
hampir tidak pernah.
Only once did the manager issue overtime paychecks.
Di kalimat ini, ekspresi negatif yang digunakan adalah only once, artinya hanya
sekali atau hampir tidak sama sekali.
Dari dua contoh di atas didapatkan bahwa tidak hanya menggunakan no atau
not, tetapi bisa juga menggunakan hardly atau only once.
Berikut daftar kata yang mengekspresikan makna negatif dan subject dan verb
boleh dibalikkan bila kata ini terdapat dalam kalimat.
Contoh soal:
Only in extremely dangerous situations .. stopped.

(A) will be the printing presses
(B) the printing presses will be
(C) that the printing presses will be
(D) will the printing presses be
Di soal ini, only berada di awal kalimat, artinya menunjukkan ekspresi negatif,
maka subject dan verb di balikkan. Ingat pola membalikkan subject dan verb
dalam ekspresi negatif: kata ekspresi negatif + kata kerja bantu + subject + verb.
Jadi, setelah ekspresi negatif dari 'only in extremely dangerous situations" harus
ada kata kerja bantu. Kata kerja bantu yang ada diantara ke empat pilihan adalah
will. Kemudian, setelah will harus ada subject (benda), the printing presses bisa
menjadi subject, dan be menjadi tambahan untuk kata kerja stopped. Maka,
jawaban yang benar adalah (D).
Mentor.
Note:
kembali latihan.
bersama.
Exercise 17
Petunjuk:
Setiap kalimat berisi negative or almost negative expressions. Temukan, negative or

almost negative expressions, subject dan verb. Kemudian, tentukan apakah kalimat
benar atau salah.
Contoh:
1. Never the boy wrote to his sisters.
Answer: Negative expression = never. Subject = boy. Verb = wrote. Kalimat salah.
Seharusnya: Never did the boy write to his sisters.
2. On no occasion did they say that to me.

Answer:
3. Steve did not win the prize, nor did he expect to do so.
Answer:
4. Only once in my life gone I have to New York City.
Answer:
5. Did he go out of the house at no time.
Answer:
6. Seldom their secretary has made such mistakes.
Answer:
7. No sooner had she hung up the phone than it rang again.
Answer:
8. Sheila did not arrive late for work, nor she left early.
Answer:
9. Barely had he nished the exam when the graduate assistant collected the papers.
Answer:
10. The police did not arrive in time to save the girl, and neither did the paramedics.
Answer:
------- ------- ------- -------- ------- --------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ---
Skil 18: Membalikkan subject dan verb dengan conditionals (conditional

sentence)
Untuk kalimat conditional tipe 2 dan 3, subject dan verb bisa dibalikkan.
Contoh:
1. Kalimat conditional tipe 2.
I would help you if I were in a position to help.
Bila dibalikkan, menjadi: I would help you were I in a position to help.

Perhatikan, if dihilangkan, kemudian tobe were diletakkan di depan subject.
Bisa juga kalimat ini di awali dengan if, tinggal dibalikkan saja:
If I were in a position to help, I would help you.
Bentuk dibalikkannya menjadi: Were I in a position to help, I would help you.
2. Kalimat conditional tipe 3.
The results would have been better if he had taken more time.
Bila dibalikkan, menjadi: The results would have been better had he taken more
time.
Perhatikan, if dihilangkan, kemudian kata kerja bantu had diletakkan di depan
subject.
Bisa juga kalimat ini di awali dengan if, tinggal dibalikkan saja:
If he had taken more time, the results would have been better.
Bentuk dibalikkannya menjadi: had he taken more time, the results would have
been better.
Dari dua contoh ini, ingat: if dihilangkan dan kata kerja bantu atau tobe
diletakkan di depan subject kemudian diikuti verb.
Contoh lain yang menggunakan should:
If you should arrive before 06.00, just give me a call.
Dibalikkan menjadi: should you arrive before 06.00, just give me a call.
Mentor.
Note:
kembali latihan.
bersama.
Exercise 18
Petunjuk:
Setiap kalimat berisi conditional sentence yang diinversi dan tidak. Tentukan apakah
kalimat benar atau salah.
Contoh:
1. Were our neighbors a bit more friendly, it would be womewhat easier to get to
know them
Answer: Pola kalimat inversi. Kalimat sebenarnya: If our neighbors were a bit more
friendly, . Kalimat benar.
2. There are plenty of blankets in the closet if should you get cold during the night.
Answer: Pola kalimat seharusnya tidak diinversi: .. if you should get cold during
the night. Kalimat salah.
3. Has he enough vacation days left this year, he will take two full weeks off in December.
Answer:
4. Had we been informed of the decision, we might have had something to say about it.
Answer:
5. I would like to know could you help me pack these boxes.
Answer:
6. He would have been in big trouble had not he remembered the assignment at the last
minute.
Answer:
7. If your friends come to visit, will they stay in a hotel or at your house?
Answer:
8. He might be a little more successful today were he a little more willing to do some
hard work.
Answer:
9. Should you ever visit this town again, I would be delighted to show you around.
Answer:
10. Do you think that she would give the speech were she asked to do so?
Answer:
Skil 19: Membalikkan subject dan verb dalam kalimat perbandingan

(comparisons)
Kalimat perbandingan dalam bahasa Inggris ada yang menggunakan er atau

more untuk menunjukkan lebih.
Dalam kalimat perbandingan ini, digunakan kata 'than' dan yang muncul setelah
than bisa bervariasi.
Setidaknya ada tiga kondisi yang benar. Di dalam soal, salah satu dari kondisi ini
muncul.
Contoh:
My sister spends more hours in the office than John.
My sister spends more hours in the office than John does.
My sister spends more hours in the office than does John.
Perhatikan kata yang muncul setelah than. Di kalimat pertama cukup tuliskan
subject; di kalimat kedua subject dan kata kerja bantu. Kenapa menggunakan
does? Karena di klausa sebelumnya menggunakan kata kerja pertama 'spend'.
Kalau menggunakan kata kedua, maka yang muncul adalah did, dan seterusnya.
Di kalimat ketiga, kata kerja bantu diletakkan di depan subject john. Ketiga
kondisi ini benar, bergantung dengan apa yang tersedia dipilihan soal nanti.
My mother is taller than your mother.
My mother is taller than your mother is.
My mother is taller than is your mother.
Pola perubahan sama dengan contoh sebelumnya, tetapi ini menggunakan er-.
Perlu diingat, patokkan apa kata kerja bantu yang digunakan setelah than
bergantung dengan kata kerja berapa yang muncul di klausa pertama.
Bila di klausa pertama menggunakan tobe, maka tobe yang digunakan setelah
than bergantung dengan subject yang muncul setelah than; apakah plural atau
singular tetapi masih dalam bentuk satu tense dengan klausa sebelumnya.
Contoh soal:
The results of the current experiment appear to be more consistent than the results of
any previous tests.
(A) them
(B) were
(C) they were
(D) were they
Di soal ada kata than, berarti perhatikan kondisi atau pola kalimat mana dari ketiga
pola dijelaskan sebelumnya digunakan dalam soal ini. Karena ada blank setelah than,
berarti setelah blank adalah subject. Dengan demikian, pola kalimat ketiga paling
mungkin terjadi, dimana setelah than kata kerja bantu atau tobe lalu diikuti subject.
Maka, jawaban yang benar adalah (B) were.
Note:
- Auxiliary verb yang muncul setelah than bergantung dengan tenses pada klausa
sebelum than.
- Subject yang muncul setelah than (singular atau plural) mempengaruhi bentuk
auxiliary verb yang digunakan setelah than.
- Materi tentang jenis-jenis auxiliary verb sudha dieplajari di skill sebelumnya.
Silahkan dibuka kembali.
Mentor.
Note:
kembali latihan.
bersama.
Exercise 19
Petunjuk:
Setiap kalimat berisi sebuah perbandingan. Tentukan apakah kalimat benar atau salah.
Contoh:
1. This candidate has received more votes than has any other candidate in previous
years.
Answer: Bentuk perbandingan = more votes than. Subject setelah than = candidate.
Auxiliary verb = has. Kalimat benar.
2. Obviously we were much more impressed with the performance than did the
other members of the audience.
Answer: Bentuk perbandingan = more impressed with the performance than.

Subject setelah than = members. Auxialiary verb = did. Kalimat salah karena
auxiliary verb yang digunakan seharusnya to be were karena pada klausa sebelum
than menggunakan to be. Auxiliary did digunakan bila di klausa pertama digunakan
verb 2.
3. The lm that we saw last night at the festival was far better than any of the other lms.
Answer:
4. The vegetables at the market this morning were far fresher than were those at the
market yesterday.
Answer:
5. I am afraid that is the condition of these tires as bad as the condition of the others.
Answer:
6. We rmly believed that our team could achieve a much faster time than any of the
others.
Answer:
7. This apple pie is not as good as the last one that you made.
Answer:
8. On the shing trip, Bobby caught twice as many sh as anyone else did.
Answer:
9. The nal speaker gave us more details than had any of the previous speakers.
Answer:
10. Do you know why does he need to sleep so many more hours than do the others?
Answer:
Exercise (Skills 15 19)
Petunjuk:
Kalimat dibawah ini mengandung pola inverted subject dan verb yang dipelajari
dari skill 15 19. Tentukan apakah pola inverted subject dan verb dalam kalimat
ini benar atau salah. Tentukan pola inversi yang mana yang digunakan dengan
merujuk pada skill 15, 16, 17, 18, dan 19.
1. The town council is not sure why have the land developers changed their plans.
Answer:
2. Never in the world I believed that this would happen.
Answer:
3. The day might have been a little more enjoyable had the sun been out a little more.
Answer:
4. Only once did the judge take the defense lawyers suggestion.
Answer:
5. Down the hall to the left the ofces are that need to be painted.
Answer:
6. Did the scientist explain what he put in the beaker?
Answer:
7. Hardly ever it snows in this section of the country.
Answer:
8. Elijah scored more points in yesterdays basketball nal than had any other player in
history.
Answer:
9. In the state of California, earthquakes occur regularly.
Answer:
10. He should ever call again, please tell him that I am not at home.
Answer:
TOEFL Exercise (Skills 15 19)

Petunjuk: Pilih jawaban yang benar.
1. Rarely _____ located near city lights or at lower elevations.

(A) observatories are
(B) are
(C) in the observatories
(D)are observatories
2. There are geographic, economic, and cultural reasons why _____ around the world.
(A) diets differ
(B) do diets differ
(C) are diets different
(D)to differ a diet
3. Were _____ millions of dollars each year replenishing eroding beaches, the coastline
would be changing even more rapidly.
(A) the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers not spending
(B) the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers not spend
(C) the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers does not spend
(D)not spending the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
4. Nowhere _____ more skewed than in the auto industry.

(A) that retail trade gures
(B) retail trade gures are
(C) are retail trade gures
(D)retail trade gures
5. New York Citys Central Park is nearly twice as large _____ second smallest country,
Monaco.
(A) as
(B) is the
(C) as is
(D)as is the
6. Potassium has a valence of positive one because it usually loses one electron when
_____ with other elements.
(A) does it combine
(B) it combines
(C) in combining
(D)combination
7. The economic background of labor legislation will not be mentioned in this course,
_____ be treated.
(A) trade unionism will not
(B) nor trade unionism will
(C) nor will trade unionism
(D)neither trade unionism will
8. _____ test positive for antibiotics when tanker trucks arrive at a milk processing
plant, according to federal law, the entire truckload must be discarded.
(A) Should milk
(B) If milk
(C) If milk is
(D)Milk should
9. Located behind _____ the two lacrimal glands.

(A) each eyelid
(B) is each eyelid
(C) each eyelid are
(D)each eyelid which is
10. Only for a short period of time _____ run at top speed.
(A) cheetahs
(B) do cheetahs
(C) that a cheetah can
(D)can
TOEFL Review Exercise (Skills 1 19)

Petunjuk: Pilih jawaban yang benar.
1. _____ variety of owers in the show, from simple carnations to the most exquisite
roses.
(A) A wide
(B) There was a wide
(C) Was there
(D)Many
2. The wedges _____ dart board are worth from one to twenty points each.
(A) they are on a
(B) are on a
(C) are they on a
(D)on
3. _____ producing many new movies for release after the new season begins.
(A) His company is
(B) His companies
(C) The company
(D)Why the company is
4. _____ that Emily Dickinson wrote, 24 were given titles and 7 were published during
her lifetime.
(A) Of the 1,800 poems
(B) There were 1,800 poems
(C) Because the 1,800 poems
(D)The 1,800 poems
5. Since an immediate change was needed on an emergency basis, _____ by the

governor to curtail railway expenditure.
(A) so it was proposed
(B) was proposed
(C) because of the proposal
(D)it was proposed
6. In the Morgan Library in New York City _____ of medieval and Renaissance
manuscripts.
(A) a collection is
(B) in a collection
(C) is a collection
(D)which is a collection
7. Some shing eets might not have been so inefcient in limiting their catch to target
species _____ more strict in enforcing penalties.
(A) the government had been
(B) if the government had
(C) had the government been
(D)if the government
8. The Dewey Decimal System, currently used in libraries throughout the world, _____
all written works into ten classes according to subject.
(A) dividing
(B) divides
(C) it would divide
(D)was divided
9. Individual differences in brain-wave activity may shed light on why some people are
more prone to emotional stress disorders _____ .
(A) that others are
(B) and others are
(C) others are
(D)than are others
10. _____ squeezed, the orange juice in a one-cup serving provides twice the minimum
daily requirement for vitamin C.
(A) It is freshly
(B) If freshly
(C) You freshly
(D)If it freshly
Tugas Baca esai (TBE) 5
Petunjuk:
Baca esai dibawah ini

Komentari isi esai dalam Bahasa Inggris. Minimal sebanyak 2 kalimat dalam Bahasa
Inggris.
Komentar diberikan lewat status di social media masing-masing siswa.
Komentar dapat berupa update status atau pun video singkat.
Tag salah satu social media:
Line ID: @zux2328h | Twitter @01_budi dan @SekolahToefl |

Instagram: sdsafadg dan Sekolah_TOEFL
#learnforthefuture #ST
The Incarnations of Leadership
Five different people were calling my name. No, six people. Backstage, one of the singers was on the
verge of a meltdown, screaming for the person in charge. The talent was getting restless. Onstage, a
dance group was forgetting the choreography. Everything deteriorated from being completely organized
to disastrous in what seemed like two seconds. I had 48 hours to pull together the 8th grade talent show
alone; my partner quit in realizing the level of intensive work that the show required.
My class elected me to do this, so I couldnt abandon my responsibilities. With that in mind, I closed my
eyes for a second and took control of the chaos. I re-organized the acts so that everyone would have
enough time for costume changes. I helped the dancers with their choreography. I ran a CD on my
laptop at practice instead of waiting for the tardy tech crew members. The day before the show, I called
a meeting to bring everyone to the same page.
I did it without screaming a word. To my peers, I looked calm. Yet I felt completely drained, and insanely
proud in the end. The show did go on flawlessly to loud applause at its conclusion.
It was the start of my reputation in my school as a leader who is calm and who gets things done, no
matter what the circumstance. I was elected president of my class as a sophomore and chosen to
coordinate fundraising among 16 sister schools to provide clean water for African villages. Given my
record, I was considered the frontrunner in the election for president of my senior class. I envisioned the
position as climatic of my high school experiences in leadership. I had compiled a list of plans for the
class. However, the campaign turned into my first major failure. I lost the election.
For days after the defeat, I thought about the campaign. New teachers had created new regulations
forcing students to get faculty approval for their speeches. No promises was the new rule and the
faculty censors edited the life out of my speech. Through any failure, it is important to explore what
could have prevented the loss. In doing so, I imagined myself fighting the censorship with the calm,
signature style of my leadership that I displayed in pulling the talent show together. I could have gone to
the administration to fight for my speech, explaining why such censorship compromises elections.
Perhaps, I could have been more creative in finding alternate ways to make my ideas shine through my
speech, instead of focusing on what we were no longer allowed to say. Most importantly, I could have
found alternative outlets to show my classmates why they should elect me.
Rather than sob over the defeat, I know there will be more opportunities for me to employ the lessons
from this loss. I also realized being a leader is more than winning an election or holding a title. My loss
doesnt ban me from having an impact on my class or engaging my leadership skills in other causes. My
failure gave me the chance to step up in other extracurricular activities. For years, I have been involved
in the Breast Cancer Awareness Club at my school. I became President of the Club this year. I still
continue as a member of Student Council and I joined its Transfer Student Welcoming Committee and
the Senior Class Gift Committee in hopes to leave a lasting impact on my school after I graduate. I know I
will experience other failures throughout my life. Fortunately, I will always have a strong model of how
to guide myself to new successes after any failure.
Parris Lloyd, a freshman at George Washington University, is a 2014 graduate of the Ursuline School in
Westchester County.
----- End of Week 5 -----
Mohon, handbook ini tidak diberikan

atau dishare kepada siapapun.
References:
Deborah Philips, The Huffington Post, dan beberapa sumber lain.

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"Success is walking from failure to failure with no loss of enthusiasm."

---- Winston Churchill

Contoh kalimat yang subject dan verb dibalikkan:

He can go to the movies.

Menjadi: Can he go to the movies?

You would tell me the truth.

Menjadi: Would you tell me the truth?

Skil 15: Membalikkan subject dan verb dengan kata-kata tanya

1. Berfungsi sebagai kata tanya.

Dalam fungsi pertama ini, ada perbedaan yang harus diingat:

2. Berfungsi untuk memperkenalkan sebuah pertanyaan.

I do not know what your name is.

I know where you live.

10. Do you know why he wants to take an extended leave of absence?

Skil 16: Membalikkan subject dan verb dengan ekspresi tempat

Kalimat biasa contohnya:

The clothes are in the closet.

Sam's house is around the corner.

Kalimat yang dibalikkan (inversi) contohnya:

In the closet are the clothes.

Around the corner is Sam's house.

Penting: bila soal menggunakan kalimat yang diinversi, harus diingat

In the forest are many exotic birds.

On the second level of the parking lot

1. In front of the house were some giant trees.

2. There a big house is on the corner.

3. In the cave was a vast treasure of gems and jewels.

Skil 17: Membalikkan subject dan verb dengan negatif (negatives)

Not once did I miss a question.

Bentuk kalimat ini sebenarnya: I did not once miss a question.

Never has Mr. Jones taken a vacation.

1. Ekspresi negatif muncul di awal kalimat.

Hardly ever does he take time off.

Only once did the manager issue overtime paychecks.

Only in extremely dangerous situations .. stopped.

Setiap kalimat berisi negative or almost negative expressions. Temukan, negative or

1. Never the boy wrote to his sisters.

2. On no occasion did they say that to me.

Skil 18: Membalikkan subject dan verb dengan conditionals (conditional

1. Kalimat conditional tipe 2.

I would help you if I were in a position to help.

Bila dibalikkan, menjadi: I would help you were I in a position to help.

If I were in a position to help, I would help you.

Bentuk dibalikkannya menjadi: Were I in a position to help, I would help you.

2. Kalimat conditional tipe 3.

If you should arrive before 06.00, just give me a call.

Skil 19: Membalikkan subject dan verb dalam kalimat perbandingan

Kalimat perbandingan dalam bahasa Inggris ada yang menggunakan er atau

My sister spends more hours in the office than John.

My sister spends more hours in the office than John does.

My sister spends more hours in the office than does John.

My mother is taller than your mother.

My mother is taller than your mother is.

My mother is taller than is your mother.

(C) they were