KEMENTERIAN RISET TEKNOLOGI DAN PENDIDIKAN TINGGI

UNIVERSITAS HALU OLEO

FAKULTAS ILMU DAN TEKNOLOGI KEBUMIAN

JURUSAN TEKNIK GEOLOGI

TUGA INDIVIDU

BAHASA INGGRIS

0LEH :

MUHAMAD SAFAR

R1C119012

KENDARI

2019
 1. Pengertian tenses

Tenses adalah sebuah kategori tata bahasa (grammar) yang

menekankan pada penggunaan kata kerja (verb) yang di kaitkan dengan
waktu penggunaannya dengan kata lain, tenses adalah pembedaan bentuk
kata kerja untuk menyatakan perbedaan waktu dan durasi suatu perbuatan
atau kejadian ( Hari Prasetyo, 2017).

2. Penggunaan tenses
Tensen digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian atau perbuatan
berdasarkan waktu dan durasi perbuatan atau kejadian tersebut.
3. Baian bagian tenses

 Simple Present Tense

Fungsi:
ü Menunjukkan jadwal atau kegiatan rutin, e.g We go to school everyday.
ü Menunjukkan kebenaran mutlak, e.g. The sun sets in the west.
 Present Continuous Tense
Fungsi:
ü Menunjukkan aktivitas yang sedang dilakukan.
ü Menunjukkan aktivitas atau pekerjaan yang pasti dilakukan di masa yang akan
datang, e.g. She is coming to my home tomorrow.
 Present Perfect Tense
Fungsi:
ü Menunjukkan aktivitas atau pekerjaan yang dikerjaan pada masa lampau dan baru
selesai pada saat sekarang.
 Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Fungsi:
ü Menunjukkan aktivitas atau pekerjaan yang sudah terjadi atau telah dikerjakan di
masa lalu dan masih ada kemungkinan untuk dilanjutkan atau terjadi nanti.
 Simple Past Tense
Fungsi:
ü Menunjukkan aktivitas atau pekerjaan yang telah selesai dilakukan pada waktu
lampau.
 Past Continuous Tense
Fungsi:
ü Menunjukkan aktivitas atau pekerjaan yang sedang berlangsung atau sedang
dikerjakan pada masa lampau.
ü Menunjukkan beberapa pekerjaan yang dilakukan bersama – sama (contoh 3) atau
pekerjaan yang satu terjadi lebih dahulu dari pekerjaan yang lain (contoh 2).
 Past Perfect Tense
Fungsi:
ü Menunjukkan aktivitas atau pekerjaan yang baru saja selesai ketika pekerjaan lain
baru dimulai di masa lampau.
 Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Fungsi:
ü Menunjukkan aktivitas atau pekerjaan yang sudah dikerjakan pada masa lampau
dan masih berlangsung hingga waktu tertentu pada masa lampau.
 Simple Future Tense
Fungsi:
ü Menunjukkan aktivitas atau pekerjaan yang akan terjadi.
ü Digunakan dalam membuat kalimat pengandaian tipe 1 (Conditional Sentence
Type
 Future Continuous Tense
Fungsi:
ü Menunjukkan aktivitas atau pekerjaan yang akan sedang terjadi pada masa yang
akan datang.
 Future Perfect Tense
Fungsi:
ü Menunjukkan aktivitas atau pekerjaan yang akan telah selesai di masa yang akan
datang.
 Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Fungsi:
ü Memiliki fungsi yang sama dengan Present Perfect Continous Tense, hanya saja
aktivitas atau kejadian tersebut terjadi di masa yang akan datang.
 Past Future Tense
Fungsi:
ü Menunjukkan aktivitas atau pekerjaan yang akan dilakukan pada masa lampau.
ü Digunakan dalam membuat kalimat pengandaian tipe 2 (Conditional Sentence
Type II) (contoh kalimat 3).
 Past Future Continuous Tense
Fungsi:
ü Menunjukkan aktivitas atau pekerjaan yang akan sedang dilakukan pada masa
lampau.
 Past Future Perfect Tense
Fungsi:
ü Menunjukkan aktivitas atau pekerjaan yang akan sudah selesai dikerjakan pada
masa lampau.
ü Digunakan dalam membuat kalimat pengandaian tipe 3 (Conditional Sentence
Type III) (contoh kalimat 1 dan 3).
 Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Fungsi:
Menunjukkan aktivitas atau pekerjaan yang telah dilakukan pada masa lampau
dan masih akan dilakukan sampai pada waktu tertentu pada masa lampau.
 4. Pola tiap tenses

 Simple Present Tense

Rumus:
(+) S + V1 (+es/s)
(-) S + Do/Does + not +V1
(?) Do/Does + not + S + V1?
 Present Continuous Tense
Rumus:
(+) S + am/is/are + Ving
(-) S + am/is/are + not + Ving
(?) Am/is/are + S + Ving?
 Present Perfect Tense
Rumus:
(+) S + have/has + V3
(-) S + have/has + not + V3
(?) Have/has + S + V3?

 Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Rumus:
(+) S + have/has + been + Ving
(-) S + have/has + not + been + Ving
(?) Have/has + S + been + Ving

 Simple Past Tense

Rumus:
(+) S + V2 + O
(-) S + did + not + VInf (V1)
(?) Did + S + VInf (V1)

 Past Continuous Tense

Rumus:
(+) S + was/were + Ving
(-) S + was/were + not + Ving
(?) Was/were + S + Ving

 Past Perfect Tense

Rumus:
(+) S + Had + V3
(-) S + Had + not + V3
(?) Had + S + V3
 Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Rumus:
(+) S + had + been + Ving
(-) S+had+not+been+Ving
(?) had+S+been+Ving

 Simple Future Tense

Rumus:
(+) S + will + Inf (V1)
(-) S + will+ not + Inf (V1)
(?) Will + S + Inf (V1)

 Future Continuous Tense

Rumus:
(+) S + will + be + Ving
(-) S+ will + not + be + Ving
(?) Will + S + be + Ving
 Future Perfect Tense
Rumus:
(+) S + will + have + V3
(-) S + will + have + not + V3
(?) Will + S + have + V3

 Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Rumus:
(+) S+will+have+been+Ving
(-) S+will+have+not+been+Ving
(?) Will+S+have+been+Ving

 Past Future Tense

Rumus:
(+): S + would + Infinitive/V1
(-): S + would + not + Infinitive/V1
(?): Would + S + Infinitive/V1

 Past Future Continuous Tense

Rumus:
(+) S + would + be + Ving
(-) S + would + not + be + Ving
(?) Would + S + be + Ving

 Past Future Perfect Tense

Rumus:
(+) S + would + have + been + V3
(-) S + would + not + have + been + V3
(?) Would +S+ have+ been+ V3
 Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Rumus:
(+) S + would + have + been + V-ing e.g: You would have been sleeping
(-) S + would + not + have + been + V-ing e.g: She would not have been crying
(?) Would + S + have + been + V-ing? e.g: Would you have living at
London for 3 years last year?

5. Contoh tiap tenses

 Simple Present Tense

Contoh:
(+) The train leaves at 8 in the morning.
(-) I go to a swimming school.
(?) Do you take a mathematic course?

 Present Continuous Tense

Contoh:
(+) Rina is waiting for her boyfriend in a train station.
(-) We are not wearing red T-shirts
(?) Is he driving his car towards us?
 Present Perfect Tense
Contoh:
(+) John has read a novel just now.
(-) We have not called you.
(?) Has she borrowed your book?

 Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Contoh:
(+) I have been teaching here since 2014.
(-) Angga has not been living here since 2000.
(?) Have they been studying here since 2015?
 Simple Past Tense
Contoh:
(+) My cat ate my apple yesterday.
(-) They did not sleep in her messy room last week.
(?) Did you watch the latest movie yesterday?
 Past Continuous Tense
Contoh:
(+) I was reading a book in school library.
(-) She was not listening to music when the teacher came to the class.
(?) Were you singing while your mother was cooking?
 Past Perfect Tense
Contoh:
(+) I had watched television before you called me.
(-) They had not had dinner when I visited them.
(?) Had you done your last project?
 Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Contoh:
(+) I had been learning German for a year at 2013.
(-) They had not been working for some months at 2015.
(?) Had your uncle been living in England for 3 years before he moved to
Indonesia last year?
 Simple Future Tense
Contoh:
(+) Kory will call you if you text her.
(-) I will not leave you alone here.
(?) Will you help me doing my homework?
 Future Continuous Tense
Contoh:
(+) I will be swimming in the swimmping pool on Tuesday.
(-) We will not be going anywhere next week.
(?) Will your aunt be cooking at 8 tomorrow morning?
 Future Perfect Tense
Contoh:
(+) I will have finished my script by the end of this year.
(-) You will not have eaten your pizza at the time you go home.
(?) Will he have slept at 10 pm?
 Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Contoh:
(+) They will have been sleeping in my house at 11 pm.
(-) He will not have been studying for a day next Monday.
(?) Will you have been swimming in the swimming pool for 3 hours next
Saturday?
 Past Future Tense
Contoh:
(+) She would give you some foods.
(-) Your aunt would not let you go with him.
(?) Would you attend his birthday party if he invited you?
 Past Future Continuous Tense
Contoh:
(-) Her sister would not be walking home alone if she were not going with her
friends.
(?) Would he be waiting for her mother for 1 hour?
 Past Future Perfect Tense
Contoh:
(+) That car would have been fixed if my brother had come last Sunday.
(-) This work would not have been finished by midnight.
(?) Would you have been taken my all packages at post office if I had asked you?
 Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Contoh:
(+) They would have been dancing all night long.
(-) She would not have been studying for 4 hours last Monday.
(?) Would you have been spying her for a week last month? (Faris Muthadi,
2016).

6. Pertanyaan yang tidak di mengerti dalam 16 tense

 Apakah bias menggunakan dua tenses sekaligus dalam suatu kejadian
tertentu ?