Generic Structure of Narrative Text

1. Orientation
It is about the opening paragraph where the characters in the story are
introduced.

Dalam penjelasan tentang Orientation ada beberapa garis bawah yang

akan membantu anda memahami bagaimana cara membuat sebuah
Orientation.

Hal yang pertama yang harus anda tulis dalam sebuah cerita Narrative
Text adalah:

Anda perkenalkan terlebih dahulu mengenai tokoh dan karakter

masing-masing, lalu berikutnya adalah setting atau tempat dan waktu
terjadinya sebuah cerita tersebut.

Hidup ini merupakan sebuah panggung sandiwara dimana setiap kita

memiliki peranan dalam topeng masing-masing.

Contoh berikut merupakan tahap pengenalan/ Orientation. Hal

ini bertujuan agar pembaca dapat mengenal terlebih dahulu tentang
tokoh-tokoh dalam kisah cerita tersebut dengan maksud agar
pembaca dapat menggunakan daya imajinasi mereka masing-masing
mengenai latar belakang tempat dan kejadian, karena setiap pembaca
memiliki persepsi yang berbeda antara yang satu dan yang lain.

Berikut ini adalah penerapan tulisan dalam Narative Text

The Asgardian Loki encountered the Other, the leader of an

extraterrestrial race known as the Chitauri. In exchange for
retrieving the Tesseract,2 a powerful energy source of unknown
potential, the Other promises Loki an army with which he could
subjugate Earth. Nick Fury, director of the espionage agency
S.H.I.E.L.D., and his lieutenant Agent Maria Hill arrived at a remote
research facility during an evacuation, where physicist Dr. Erik
Selvig was leading a research team experimenting on the
Tesseract. Agent Phil Coulson explained that the object had
begun radiating an unusual form of energy. The Tesseract
suddenly activated and opened a wormhole, allowing Loki to reach
Earth. Loki took the Tesseract and used his scepter to enslave
Selvig and a couple of agents, including Clint Barton, to aid him in his
getaway.

Catatan:

 Block warna biru adalah Orientation: Aktor dan Latar Belakang

tempat kejadian
 Block warna merah adalah Past Tense
 Block warna hijau adalah kalimat pasif/ Passive Voice

2. Complication
Where the problems in the story developed.

Dalam tahap ini akan banyak sekali tulisan-tulisan tentang

permasalahan yang muncul ke permukaan. 
Karena hidup ini penuh warna, ada saatnya kita jatuh cinta dan
pastinya akan ada pula saat untuk patah hati. Ini hanya masalah
waktu saja. Tetapi memang seperti itu lah kehidupan yang kita jalani
di dunia ini. Roda terus berputar dan detik pun terus bergerak maju.
Pada saat ini mengalami duka yang dalam, tetapi ingat! Badai pasti
berlalu dan duka pun akan menjadi suka yang tak kan pernah mampu
dibayar oleh materi. Tetap semangat menjalani hidup ini. Karena hidup
hanya sekali dan itu pun tak akan lama so Do Your Best Shot!

Saya akan meneruskan cerita di atas untuk bagian ke-2 ini yaitu
Complication.

Check this out!

In response to the attack, Fury reactivated the “Avengers Initiative”.

Agent Natasha Romanoff was sent to Calcutta to recruit Dr. Bruce
Banner to trace the Tesseract through its gamma radiation emissions.
Coulson visited Tony Stark to have him review Selvig’s research, and
Fury approached Steve Rogers with an assignment to retrieve the
Tesseract.

In Stuttgart, Barton stole iridium needed to stabilize the Tesseract’s

power while Loki caused a distraction, leading to a confrontation
with Rogers, Stark, and Romanoff that ends with Loki’s
surrender. While Loki was being escorted to S.H.I.E.L.D., Thor, his
adoptive brother, arrived and released him, hoping to convince him
to abandon his plan and returned to Asgard. After a confrontation
with Stark and Rogers, Thor agreed to take Loki to S.H.I.E.L.D.’s
flying aircraft carrier, the Helicarrier. There
Loki was imprisoned while Banner and Stark attempted to locate
the Tesseract.

The Avengers became divided, both over how to approach Loki and

the revelation that S.H.I.E.L.D. planned to harness the Tesseract to
develop weapons as a deterrent against hostile extraterrestrials. As
the group argues, Barton and Loki’s other possessed
agents attacked the Helicarrier, disabling its engines in flight and
causing Banner to transform into the Hulk. Stark and Rogers tried to
restart the damaged engine, and Thor attempted to stop the Hulk’s
rampage. Romanoff fought Barton, and knocked him unconscious,
breaking Loki’s mind control. Loki escaped after killing Coulson and
ejecting Thor from the airship, while the Hulk fell down to the ground
after attacking an S.H.I.E.L.D. fighter jet. Fury used Coulson’s death
to motivate the Avengers into working as a team. Stark and
Rogers realized that for Loki, simply defeating them would not
be enough; he needed to overpower them publicly to validate himself
as ruler of Earth. Loki used the Tesseract, in conjunction with a
device Selvig built, to open a wormhole above Stark Tower to the
Chitauri fleet in space, launching his invasion.

Catatan:

 Block warna biru adalah Complication: permasalahan yang

muncul
 Block warna merah adalah Past Tense
 Block warna hijau adalah kalimat pasif/ Passive Voice

3. Resolution
Where the problems in the story are solved.

Dalam bagian ini, sedikit demi sedikit, permasalahan dari jalan cerita

mengalami titik terang.
Ya.. tak ubahnya seperti Badai yang pasti akan berlalu. begitu pula
dengan setiap masalah yang datang dan pasti seiring dengan jalan
keluarnya masing-masing apabila kita tetap tenang dan selalu
berusaha untuk mencari solusi yang terbaik diantara yang paling baik.

Saya akan melanjutkan kisah cerita di atas dengan menggunakan

Resolution yang bertujuan untuk mencari jalan keluar dari semua
masalah yang ada. Let’s go!

The Avengers assembled in defense of New York City, the wormhole’s

location, but quickly realize they would be overwhelmed by wave
after wave of Chitauri descended upon Earth.
Banner arrived and transformed into the Hulk, and together he,
Rogers, Stark, Thor, Barton, and Romanoff fought the Chitauri while
evacuating civilians. The Hulk found Loki and smacked him into
submission. Romanoff made her way to the wormhole generator,
where Selvig, freed of Loki’s control, revealed that Loki’s
scepter could be used to shut down the generator. Meanwhile, Fury’s
superiors attempted to end the invasion by launching a nuclear
missile at Midtown Manhattan. Stark intercepted the missile
and took it through the wormhole toward the Chitauri fleet. The
missile detonated, destroying the Chitauri mothership and disabling
their forces on Earth. Stark’s suit run out of power, and he fell back
through the wormhole just as Romanoff closed it. Stark went into
freefall, but the Hulk saved him from crashing to the ground.

Catatan:

 Block warna biru adalah Resolution: pemecahan masalah dari

kisah cerita
 Block warna merah adalah Past Tense
 Block warna hijau adalah kalimat pasif/ Passive Voice

4. Reorientation
The ending of the story

Bagian ini adalah akhir dari kisah cerita dimana pembaca dapat

memahami pesan-pesan yang disampaikan  melalui alur dan jalan
cerita sebelumnya. Singkat kata, pada bagian ini, sebuah kisah cerita
akan berakhir dengan berbagai macam “ending”. Maksudnya dengan
adanya Reorientation, pembaca akan dengan mudah mengetahui dan
memahami akhir cerita itu. Apakah akhir dari cerita itu sedih/ sad
ending, bahagia/ happy ending, atau complicated/ membingungkan.

Saya akan melanjutkan kisah cerita di atas dengan menggunakan

Reorientation sebagai bagian terakhir dalam Narrative Text.
Karena tujuan dari Reorientation adalah memberikan sebuah
kesimpulan tentang akhir dari sebuah kisah cerita.

In the aftermath, Thor returned Loki and the Tesseract to Asgard,

while Fury expressed confidence that the Avengers would return if
and when they were needed.

Catatan:

 Block warna biru adalah Reorientation: kesimpulan dari kisah

cerita
 Block warna merah adalah Past Tense
 Block warna hijau adalah kalimat pasif/ Passive Voice

Tidak jarang bila susunan Generic Structure of Narrative Text dapat

memiliki susunan sebagai berikut:

1. Orientation,
2. Complication,
3. Evaluation,
4. Resolution
5. Reorientation.

Dalam pembuatan Narrative Text “Evaluation” dan “Reorientation”

merupakan bagian pilihan yang bisa ditambahkan.
>>> Evaluation berisi penilaian/evaluasi terhadap jalannya cerita atau
konflik.
>>> Reorientation berisi kesimpulan akhir dari kisah cerita.

Grammar of Narrative Text

Dalam pembuatan Narrative Text, anda wajib menguasai Grammar
yaitu “Past Tense” karena Past Tense adalah menu pokok yang akan
anda tulis pada Narrative Text.

Catatan penting: Tidak semua kalimat yang ada dalam Narrative Text

adalah Past Tense tetapi 80% Tense ini digunakan di dalam
pembuatan Narrative Text.
Past Tense memiliki beberapa varian di dalamnya, yaitu meliputi:

 Simple Past
 Past Continuous
 Past Future
 Past Perfect Berikut ini adalah penggabungan dari bagian-
bagian yang ada pada Narrative Text dalam sebuah paragraf
utuh.

Contoh Narrative Text

The Avengers
The Asgardian Loki encountered the Other, the leader of an
extraterrestrial race known as the Chitauri. In exchange for retrieving
the Tesseract,2 a powerful energy source of unknown potential, the
Other promises Loki an army with which he could subjugate Earth.
Nick Fury, director of the espionage agency S.H.I.E.L.D., and his
lieutenant Agent Maria Hill arrived at a remote research facility during
an evacuation, where physicist Dr. Erik Selvig was leading a research
team experimenting on the Tesseract. Agent Phil Coulson explained
that the object had begun radiating an unusual form of energy. The
Tesseract suddenly activated and opened a wormhole, allowing Loki to
reach Earth. Loki took the Tesseract and used his scepter to enslave
Selvig and a couple of agents, including Clint Barton, to aid him in his
getaway.

In response to the attack, Fury reactivated the “Avengers Initiative”.

Agent Natasha Romanoff was sent to Calcutta to recruit Dr. Bruce
Banner to trace the Tesseract through its gamma radiation emissions.
Coulson visited Tony Stark to have him review Selvig’s research, and
Fury approached Steve Rogers with an assignment to retrieve the
Tesseract.
In Stuttgart, Barton stole iridium needed to stabilize the Tesseract’s
power while Loki caused a distraction, leading to a confrontation with
Rogers, Stark, and Romanoff that ends with Loki’s surrender. While
Loki was being escorted to S.H.I.E.L.D., Thor, his adoptive brother,
arrived and released him, hoping to convince him to abandon his plan
and returned to Asgard. After a confrontation with Stark and Rogers,
Thor agreed to take Loki to S.H.I.E.L.D.’s flying aircraft carrier, the
Helicarrier. There Loki was imprisoned while Banner and Stark
attempted to locate the Tesseract.

The Avengers became divided, both over how to approach Loki and the
revelation that S.H.I.E.L.D. planned to harness the Tesseract to
develop weapons as a deterrent against hostile extraterrestrials. As
the group argues, Barton and Loki’s other possessed agents attacked
the Helicarrier, disabling its engines in flight and causing Banner to
transform into the Hulk. Stark and Rogers tried to restart the damaged
engine, and Thor attempted to stop the Hulk’s rampage. Romanoff
fought Barton, and knocked him unconscious, breaking Loki’s mind
control. Loki escaped after killing Coulson and ejecting Thor from the
airship, while the Hulk fell down to the ground after attacking an
S.H.I.E.L.D. fighter jet. Fury used Coulson’s death to motivate the
Avengers into working as a team. Stark and Rogers realized that for
Loki, simply defeating them would not be enough; he needed to
overpower them publicly to validate himself as ruler of Earth. Loki
used the Tesseract, in conjunction with a device Selvig built, to open a
wormhole above Stark Tower to the Chitauri fleet in space, launching
his invasion.

The Avengers assembled in defense of New York City, the wormhole’s

location, but quickly realize they would be overwhelmed by wave after
wave of Chitauri descended upon Earth. Banner arrived and
transformed into the Hulk, and together he, Rogers, Stark, Thor,
Barton, and Romanoff fought the Chitauri while evacuating civilians.
The Hulk found Loki and smacked him into submission. Romanoff
made her way to the wormhole generator, where Selvig, freed of Loki’s
control, revealed that Loki’s scepter could be used to shut down the
generator. Meanwhile, Fury’s superiors attempted to end the invasion
by launching a nuclear missile at Midtown Manhattan. Stark
intercepted the missile and took it through the wormhole toward the
Chitauri fleet. The missile detonated, destroying the Chitauri
mothership and disabling their forces on Earth. Stark’s suit run out of
power, and he fell back through the wormhole just as Romanoff closed
it. Stark went into freefall, but the Hulk saved him from crashing to the
ground. In the aftermath, Thor returned Loki and the Tesseract to
Asgard, while Fury expressed confidence that the Avengers would
return if and when they were needed.