NARRATIVE TEXT (CHAPTER 7), REPORT TEXT (CHAPTER 9), & ADVERTISEMENT (CHAPTER 10)

1. NARRATIVE TEXT
Narrative Text adalah cerita khayal yang bertujuan menghibur pembaca. Tentu yang namanya cerita khayal itu ya belum
tentu keberannya karena bisa jadi itu hanyalah imaginasi atau cerita fiktif yang dibuat oleh seseorang atau cerita buatan
sekelompok masyarakat yang tida terbukti kebenarannya. Contoh narrative yaitu, Cinderella, Sangkurian, Snow White,
Rabbit and Crocodile, dsb. Untuk penjelasan lebih rinci silahkan baca penjelasan berikut.
Definition of Narrative Text
A narrative text is an imaginative story to entertain people (teks narasi adalah cerita imaginatif yang bertujuan menghibur
orang).
Generic Structure of Narrative Text
# Orientation : It is about the opening paragraph where the characters of the story are introduced.(berisi pengenalan
tokoh, tempat dan waktu terjadinya cerita (siapa atau apa, kapan dan dimana)
# Complication : Where the problems in the story developed. (Permasalahan muncul / mulai terjadi dan berkembang)
# Resolution : Where the problems in the story is solved. Masalah selesai, secara baik “happy ending” ataupun buruk “bad
ending”.
# Coda / reorientation (optional) – lesson from the story.
Kadangkala susunan (generic structure) narrative text bisa berisi: Orientation, Complication, Evaluation, Resolution dan
Reorientation. Meski “Evaluation” dan “Reorientation” merupakan optional; bisa ditambahkan dan bisa tidak. Evaluation
berisi penilaian/evaluasi terhadap jalannya cerita atau konflik. Sedangkan Reorientation berisi penyimpulan isi akhir
cerita.
Purpose of Narrative Text
– To amuse or to entertain the reader with a story.
_ To educate people by giving moral value
The Characteristics / Language Feature of Narrative Text
– Past tense (killed, drunk, etc)
– Adverb of time (Once upon a time, one day, etc)
– Time conjunction (when, then, suddenly, etc)
– Specific character. The character of the story is specific, not general. (Cinderella, Snow White, Alibaba, etc)
– Action verbs. A verb that shows an action. (killed, dug, walked, etc)
– Direct speech. It is to make the story lively. (Snow White said,”My name is Snow White”). The direct speech uses present
tense.
Jenis-jenis Narrative Text
Narrative text bisa berbentuk imajiner atau pun faktual. Berikut adalah contoh genre dari Narrative text:
Berikut ini adalah beberapa jenis dari Narrative Text, antara lain:
1. Fable (fabel): Cerita yang mengisahkan mengenai binatang.
2. Myth (mite): Cerita atau mitos ini banyak berkembang pada masyarakat serta umumnya dianggap menjadi cerita
yang faktual atau benar – benar terjadi.
 3. Legend (legenda): Cerita rakyat yang mengisahkan bagaimana asal usul dari sebuah tempat itu ada.
4. Folk tale (cerita rakyat): Cerita yang diceritakan secara turun temurun sehingga menjadi suatu bagian dari tradisi
masyarakat.
5. Fairy tales (dongeng): Cerita rakyat atau cerita anak – anak yang di dalamnya mengandung unsur keajaiban/
ketidakmungkinan terhadap para tokoh ceritanya serta pada bagian akhir mengandung pesan moral.
6. Romance/Love story: Cerita cinta lebih menegaskan tema ceritanya yang isinya perjuangan untuk memperoleh
cinta untuk si tokoh utama.
7. Selain itu juga ada jenis lain seperti: Science fiction (cerita fiksi yang berkaitan dengan sains, contoh:
Hulk/Spiderman), Horror, Mystery, History, Slice of life, Personal experience, dll.
Contoh Soal
The Wolf and The Stork
There was once a wolf who felt so hungry. He gulped down all his food as though his life depended on it. No wonder he
had a chicken bone stuck in his throat! Luckily for him, a stork who happened to be passing nearby, heard his shrieks of
pain, and she stopped, always ready to help wherever she could.
Just one look was enough for her to guess what had happened. At once, without saying a word or wasting anytime she
site to work. It was going to be a very long and a very difficult job. But how could the stork help the greedy wolf?
At last, with the aid of her long beak, she got hold of the bone and pulled it out of the wolf’s throat.
Now, any other animal would have been glad to pay the stork for what she did. And, when the wolf began walking away,
without even thanking her, she said as much. “You think I would pay you?” cried the wolf, finding his voice. “After digging
into my throat with your long beak? You should be glad I don’t eat you, you ungrateful bird! Go away, and don’t get under
my paws again!”
1. Where was the stork when she heard the wolf’s shrieks of pain?
a. She was behind the wolf.
b. She was far from the wolf
c. She was near from the wolf.
d. She was not close from the wolf.
2. What did the stork do to help the wolf from a chicken bone that stuck in his throat?
a. She got hold of the bone with her short beak.
b. She pushed the chicken bone with the aid of her long beak.
c. She took the chicken bone with the aid of her short beak.
d. She pulled the chicken bone with the aid of her long beak.
3. What is the moral value of the text?
a. Don’t be an ungrateful people.
b. No one can do something perfectly.
c. Don’t blame yourself for something bad.
d. Think first deeply before taking an action.
2. REPORT TEXT
Report Text adalah sebuah teks yang menghadirkan informasi tentang suatu hal secara apa adanya. Genre atau
jenis text ini memang ada kesamaan dengan descriptive text yaitu, baik descriptive text dan report text sama
sama memberikan gambaran secara langsung tentang seseorang atau suatu benda. Perbedaannya adalah jika kita
berbicara tentang benda atau seseorang secara spesifik seperti warna, style, nama, dsb, itu disebut descriptive.
Dan apabila kita berbicara tentang benda atau seseorang secara umum yang meliputi bagian-bagiannya,
kekuatannya, fungsinya, atau sifat umum lain dari benda atau seseorang itu disebut report.
Definition of Report text
“Report is a text which presents information about something, as it is. It is as a result of systematic observation
and analyses.” (Report adalah sebuah teks yang menghadirkan informasi tentang suatu hal secara apa adanya.
Teks ini adalah sebagai hasil dari observasi dan analisa secara sistematis.)
Generic Structure of Report text
# General Clasification ; Stating classification of general aspect of thing; animal, public place, plant, etc which will
be discussed in general (Menyatakan klasifikasi aspek umum hal; hewan, tempat umum, tanaman, dll yang akan
dibahas secara umum).
# Description : tells what the phenomenon under discussion ; in terms of parts, qualities, habits or behaviors.
(Pada bagian ini biasanya memberikan gambaran fenomena-fenomena yang terjadi; baik bagian-bagiannya, sifat-
sifatnya, kebiasaannya, ataupun tingkah lakunya. Intinya adalah penjabaran dari klasifikasi yang disajikan dengan
ilmiah.)
Purpose of Report text: To describe something generally
– Its social purpose is presenting information about something. They generally describe an entire class of things,
whether natural or made: mammals, the planets, rocks, plants, countries of region, culture, transportation, and
so on.
– To presents information about something, as it is
The Characteristics / Language Feature of Report text
– Use of general nouns, eg hunting dogs, rather than particular nouns, eg our dog;
– Use of relating verbs to describe features, eg Molecules are tiny particles;
– Some use of action verbs when describing behaviour, eg Emus cannot fly;
– Use of timeless present tense to indicate usualness, eg Tropical cyclones always begin over the sea;
– Use of technical terms, eg Isobars are lines drawn on a weather map;
– Use of paragraphs with topic sentences to organise bundles of information; repeated naming of the topic as the
beginning focus of the clause.
Keterangan :
– General nouns, maksudnya adalah, suatu benda (baik itu hidup atau mati) yang bersifat umum. Coba
bandingkan : Hunting dogs >< My dog. Hunting dogs bersifat umum; sedangkan my dog bersifat khusus. – Relating
verbs, dalam grammar disebut juga dengan linking verbs. Seperti to be [is, am, are: present], seem, look, taste
dan lain sebagainya. – Timeless present tense adalah salah satu penanda waktu dalam simple present seperti
 “often, usually, always” dan lain-lain. – Technical terms, maksudnya adalah istilah-istilah yang meliputi teks report
tersebut. Misalnya tentang “music” maka, istilah-istilah musik harus ada.
Contoh Soal Report Text
Ant-eaters are perhaps the most curious looking animals. Their long head and snout look like tubes, and
they have no teeth at all.
Their front legs are very strong and armed with heavy curved claws with which they break open the nets
of ants and termites and then, when the insects rush out, use their long, sticky tongues to lick them up at great
speed.
True ant-eaters are found in the swamps and forests of central and South America. Scaly ant-eaters, or
pangolins, are found in Africa and tropical Asia.
Various other insect-eating animals are sometimes called ant-eaters, although they really belong to other
groups of animals.
One of them is the ant-bear, which lives on the plains of South and Central Africa. This has long, erect ears
but short blunt claws, an almost hairless tail, yellow brown in color. Unlike the true ant-eaters, it has small teeth.
Choose the best answer based on the text above!
1. The text tells us ….
A. the story of ant-eaters
B. the report of ant-eaters
C. the discussion of ant-eaters
D. the description of ant-eaters
2. From the passage above, we can conclude that….
A. all ants are friends of other insects
B. ants live in the disgusted places
C. ants are classified as predators
D. ants belong to the insect group
3. What is the ant-bear?
A. The animal has long, erect ears and small teeth
B. The animal looks like a pangolin.
C. The animal has no sticky tongue
D. The animal does not like to eat ants.

3. ADVERTISEMENT
Advertisement is a commercial notification that has aim to encourage or persuade general society to buy or use
the item or service offered in the advertisement. Advertisement usually put in mass media, such as printed and
electronic mass media (magazine, newspaper, internet, television and radio.)
Iklan dalam bahasa inggris disebut dengan Advertisement (disingkat menjadi Ads). Advertisement bertujuan
untuk mengumumkan sesuatu agar banyak orang tertarik untuk membelinya atau menggunakannya dan tentu
 menambah kepopuleran dari produk tersebut. Iklan bisa berupa tulisan, Lisan, maupun Audio-Visual yang sering
kita lihat di TV.
Purpose of Advertisement
To persuade an audience (viewer, reader or listener) to purchase or take some action upon product, ideas, or
services. (Untuk membujuk seseorang untuk membeli/mengambil sebuah tindakan dengan apa yang ditawarkan
yang berupa barang, atau jasa.)
Fungsi lain dari advertisement antara lain:
 To offer. (Untuk menawarkan)
 To promote. (Untuk mempromosikan)
 To make people interested (Untuk membuat orang tertarik)
 To advertise (Untuk mengiklankan)
 Giving an information = Advertisement tentu memberikan informasi kepada konsumen tentang apa-apa hal
tentang produk/jasa yang akan dijual.
 To influence or to persuade = Sebuah Advertisement berfungsi untuk membujuk atau mempengaruhi
seseorang untuk membeli barang atau jasa yang terdapat pada Advertisement. Tentu dengan menggunakan
kata-kata yang menarik dan kreatif hingga membuat orang-orang ingin membelinya.
 To give the impression = Dengan memperkenalkan produk kita ke orang lain maka orang-orang akan
mempunyai kesan tersendiri dengan Advertisement yang kita pasang, contohnya Advertisement-nya yang
menarik, lucu, mudah diingat, bahkan sampai terbawa ke kehidupan sehari-hari.
 Communication tool = Advertisement bisa menjadi alat komunikasi yang baik antara penjual dan pembeli
secara tidak langsung. Jadi ketika calon pembeli melihat Advertisement suatu produk dan merasa tertarik maka
dia pasti akan membeli produk tersebut kepada penjual.
Generic Structure dari Advertisement
 Title (Judul) = Bagian title ini menjelaskan rangkuman atau merupakan topik utama dari Advertisement.
Contohnya: Buy one get one free!
 Explanation (Penjelasan) = Pada bagian explanation ini berisi semua informasi mengenai Advertisement itu
sendiri, Yaitu bisa berupa, apa produknya, siapa yang harus memakainya, bagaimana cara menggunakannya,
dan lain sebagainya.
Language Features of Advertisement Text
Unsur kebahasaan dari advertisement text :
1. Menggunakan simple present tense yang bersifat informatif dan penting.
2. Menggunakan kata kerja imperative yang sifatnya mengundang emosi pembaca seperti, try, grab now, grab it
fast.
3. Menggunakan kosakata yang lazim dalam dunia periklanan.
4. Ucapan, tekanan dan intonasi kata
Jenis-jenis iklan:
- Product advertisement (iklan produk)
 - Service advertisement (iklan jasa)
- Event advertisement (iklan acara)
- Job Vacancy Advertisement (iklan lowongan pekejaan)
- Rental Advertisement (iklan penyewaan)
- Preloved Sale Advertisement (iklan penjualan barang-barang bekas)
Contoh soal

Alfatih Course

Private TOEFL/TOEIC/Conversation Course.

Guaranteed mastering in 2 months
Call 0829999777555

Open a new class, Ms. Office, Start April 1.

Visit Alfatih Course
Jl. Niaga No. A/8 Sagulung Batam or
www.alfatihcourse.com
Call 0778 345123

1. How long do the students have to attend class to be guaranteed to master conversation?
a. One week
b. Two weeks
c. One month
d. Two months

2. What program does Alfatih Computer Course newly open?

a. Ms. Office
b. Ms.Word
c. AutoCAD
d. AdobeFlash

3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the advertisement above?

a. The new class for Computer Course will be started on April 25th
b. The course gives warranty in 3 month to master Conversation
c. You can visit the website and call by phone to find further information
d. The course gives guarantee mastering for Ms. Office program
ENGLISH 9

CHAPTER 8: PASSIVE VOICE – KALIMAT PASIF

I. SIMPLE PRESENT PASSIVE VOICE

ACTIVE : I BUY A NEW NOVEL (S + Verb1s/es + Object)
PASSIVE: A NEW NOVEL IS BOUGHT BY ME (S + IS/AM/ARE +VERB 3 + BY + OBJECT
PRONOUN)

STEPS:
1. BREAK DOWN THE SENTENCE INTO THE PATTERN OF SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT
2. CHANGE THE OBJECT IN ACTIVE SENTENCE INTO SUBJECT IN PASSIVE VOICE
3. EXAMINE THE TENSE:
- PRESENT: BE (IS/AM/ARE)
- PAST: BE (WAS/WERE)
- PERFECT: BE (BEEN)
- FUTURE/MODAL: BE (BE)
4. CHANGE THE VERB INTO PAST PARTICIPLE (VERB 3)
5. YOU CAN ADD THE ACTOR OR CHANGE THE SUBJECT BECOME OBJECT IN THE
PASSIVE SENTENCE USING WORD ‘BY’

II. PAST PASSIVE VOICE

ACTIVE: I BOUGHT A NEW NOVEL (S + Verb2/Past Simple + O)
PASSIVE: A NEW NOVEL WAS BOUGHT BY ME (S + WAS/WERE + VERB 3 + BY + O.P)

III. PERFECT PASSIVE VOICE

ACTIVE: I HAD BOUGHT A NEW NOVEL (PAST PERFECT: S + HAD + VERB3 + OBJECT)
PASSIVE: A NEW NOVEL HAD BEEN BOUGHT BY ME (S + HAD/HAVE/HAS + BEEN + VERB3
+ BY + O.P)

IV. FUTURE/MODAL PASSIVE VOICE

Modal auxiliary adalah sekelompok kata bantu yang merupakan bagian dari auxiliary
yang memberikan tambahan arti pada suatu kalimat.
MODAL AUXILIARY ADALAH:
- WILL (FUTURE TENSE)
- SHOULD
- MAY
- HAVE/HAS TO
- BE(IS/AM/ARE) GOING TO
- MUST
- CAN

ACTIVE: HE WILL BUY A NEW NOVEL (S + WILL + VERB1 + O)

PASSIVE: A NEW NOVEL WILL BE BOUGHT BY HIM (S + MODAL + BE + VERB3 + BY + O.P)

THE PLANT SHOULD BE WATERED TWICE A DAY

THIS GUITAR IS GOING TO BE FIXED THIS AFTERNOON

 Passive Verb of Passive Sentence
Present is/am/are + Verb 3
Past Was/were + Verb 3
Perfect Had/have/has + Been + Verb 3
Future/Modal Aux. Will/modal aux + Be + Verb 3
Continuous tense Is/am/are was/were + BEING + Verb
3
CARA MENJAWAB SOAL PASSIVE VOICE:

1. TENTUKAN TENSES YANG DIGUNAKAN APAKAH

PRESENT (SEKARANG/BERUPA FAKTA),
PAST (YANG SUDAH BERLALU),
PERFECT – have/has/had + Verb (YANG BARU SAJA TERJADI),
FUTURE(MASA DEPAN)/
MODAL AUXILIARY (CAN, WILL, SHOULD, MAY, MUST, HAVE TO/HAS TO, BE GOING TO),
CEK TABEL DI ATAS UNTUK PANDUAN KATA KERJANYA.
2. PILIH JAWABAN DENGAN 2-3 SUKU KATA KARENA KATA KERJA KALIMAT PASIF DALAM
BAHASA INGGRIS MENGGUNAKAN KATA KERJA BANTU SEBELUM VERB 3
3. PERHATIKAN SUBJEKNYA APAKAH TUNGGAL (1) ATAU JAMAK (LEBIH DARI SATU) UNTUK
MENENTUKAN KATA KERJA BANTUNYA
4. INGAT SELURUH KATA KERJA DI KALIMAT PASIF MENGGUNAKAN VERB KE 3, JIKA REGULAR
TAMBAHKAN -ED DAN JIKA IRREGULAR KETAHUI PERUBAHAN BENTUKNYA