Diktat Praktikum

Geofisika Reservoir

Modul 2
Seismik Inversi Post-Stack

Instruktur
Prof. DR. Sigit Sukmono
Ria Adelina ST

Program Studi Teknik Geofisika

Fakultas Teknik Pertambangan dan Perminyakan
Institut Teknologi Bandung 2016
DAFTAR ISI

1
 Bab Halaman

1. Tujuan 3
2. Tahapan Praktikum 3
3. Waktu dan Pembagian Kelompok 3
4. Langkah Kerja 3
5. Pembuatan Laporan 4
6. Data Loading & Review 5

7. Well-Seismic Tie 14 8. Pembuatan Model Awal 25 9. Pre-Analisis 30

10. Inversi Data & QC Hasil Inversi 37
11. Analisis Hasil Inversi & Cross-Plot Sensitivitas 52
12. Pembuatan Penampang dan Peta Porositas 55
1. Tujuan
Peserta mampu melakukan seismic inversi post-stack untuk memetakan porositas reservoir.

2. Tahapan Praktikum
a. Data loading
b. Well-seismic tie
c. Inversi
d. Analisis hasil inversi
e. Analisis sensitivitas dan pembuatan cube porositas

2
 3. Waktu dan Pembagian Kelompok
Praktikum ini dilakukan perkelompok dengan jumlah anggota maksimum 4 orang per kelompok. Praktikum
dikerjakan maksimum dalam 1 x pertemuan (1 x @ 3jam).

4. Langkah Kerja
a. Data loading dan review : data 3D Seismic dan interpretasi horizon (lihat hal 5-23)
b. Well-seismic tie : wavelet extraction, koreksi check-shot dan well-seismic tie (lihat hal 24-33)
c. Pembuatan model awal (lihat hal 34-38).
d. Pre-inversion analysis (lihat hal 39-45).
e. Inversi dan QC hasil inversi (lihat hal 46-52).
f. Analisis hasil inversi dan analisis sensitivitas (lihat hal 53-63).
g. Pembuatan penampang porositas (lihat hal 64-68)
h. Pembuatan peta porositas (lihat hal 53-56 sebagai panduan).

5. Pembuatan Laporan

Berdasarkan hasil semua pekerjaan tersebut di atas buat Laporan Praktikum yang berisikan :
1. Tujuan Praktikum
2. Dasar Teori
3. Ringkasan hasil per tahapan kerja :

3
 a. Data loading dan review
b. Well-seismic tie : wavelet extraction, koreksi check-shot dan well-seismic tie
c. Pembuatan model awal
d. Pre-inversion analysis
e. Inversi dan QC hasil inversi
f. Analisis hasil inversi dan analisis sensitivitas
g. Pembuatan peta porositas 4. Kesimpulan tentang :
a. Fasies dan lingkungan pengendapan
b. Kontrol penyebaran porositas
c. Lokasi sumur terbaik

4
 6. Data Loading & Review

1 3

Save database in HRS Folder in Harddisk

5
6. Data Loading & Review

CREATING DATABASE

6
6. Data Loading & Review

IMPORTING WELL AND WELL TOP

7
 6. Data Loading & Review

Well Coordinate:
• X = 2002 m
• Y= 2378 m
• KB = 92 ft

8
 6. Data Loading & Review Choose nessecary data to be loaded. For
this tutorial, you will need:

•Neutron Porosity & Total Porosity

Click “View File Contents…” if

it is needed to see the LAS
contents For Measurement System, select
“Metric”

•Gamma Ray
•Density

•P-Wave

9
6. Data Loading & Review

10
6. Data Loading & Review

Input sampling unit: ft

Number of header line to skip: 7

11
6. Data Loading & Review

Now, all necessary data have

been loaded into database.

Close the Well Explorer

12
6. Data Loading & Review

3
2

Save project in HRS Folder in Harddisk

“Start New Project…” to create a project

13
6. Data Loading & Review
CREATING PROJECT

14
 6. Data Loading & Review

13

IMPORTING SEISMIC AND HORIZON

15
6. Data Loading & Review

Inline Byte: 5 of 4
5
Xline Byte: 21 of 4
Source X Byte: 73 of 4
Source Y Byte: 77 of 4
Ignore Receiver X & Y coordinates

16
6. Data Loading & Review

Connect well and seismic coordinate

Seismic section on inline 2045

17
6. Data Loading & Review

8 9

18
6. Data Loading & Review

10 11

Click “Display selected file” if

it is needed to see the file
contents

X Column: 1
Y Column: 2
Pick Column: 3
Number of lines to skip: 1

19
6. Data Loading & Review

Use the button to navigate the seismic

Use “View/Base Map” to view the Seismic & Well Basemap

20
6. Data Loading & Review

VIEWING THE SEISMIC

21
6. Data Loading & Review

Well Location

Current Viewed Inline

3D Seismic Coverage

22
6. Data Loading & Review

VIEWING THE SEISMIC

Well untied with seismic

Formation Top

Top of Carbonate
Build-up

Formation Base

Close and save the strata

Target Reservoir

23
 6. Data Loading & Review

2 3

Seismic is not tied yet

Take your time to review the log data

WELL LOG VIEWING ON ELOG

24
6. Data Loading & Review

Select some needed logs

25
 7. Well-Seismic Tie

1 2

Wavelet is extracted at the vicinity of

the well, around the carbonate build-up
time interval

WAVELET EXTRACTION

26
 7. Well-Seismic Tie

3 4

Wavelet will only effective for Horizon B-C interval

27
7. Well-Seismic Tie

WAVELET EXTRACTION

WAVELET EXTRACTION
Close the wavelet window if finished

28
 7. Well-Seismic Tie

eLOG window is automatically called for

well-seismic tie

29
 7. Well-Seismic Tie

WELL-SEISMIC TIE
2

Two window would appear: Parameter

window & Correction window

Changing the parameter and “Apply”

would change the check-shot correction
window

WELL-SEISMIC TIE: CHECK-SHOT CORRECTION

30
 7. Well-Seismic Tie

3
Create another P-wave log “P-wave_1_chk”
which is the result from check
-shot correction

WELL-SEISMIC TIE: CHECK-SHOT CORRECTION

Good match?

31
 7. Well-Seismic Tie

7 8

Same window with the

check-shot correction

WELL-SEISMIC TIE: WELL CORRELATION

32
 Match B & C on both
synthetic &
7. Well-Seismic Tie
composite, then
“Strech”
WELL-SEISMIC TIE: WELL CORRELATION
9

33
7. Well-Seismic Tie

WELL-SEISMIC TIE: WELL CORRELATION

10

Close the eLOG window

and back to the STRATA WELL-SEISMIC TIE: DONE

34
7. Well-Seismic Tie

Logs are
now located correctly

35
 8. Initial Model Building

1 2

36
 8. Initial Model Building

3 4

37
8. Initial Model Building

MODEL BUILDING

38
 8. Initial Model Building

7 8
5 6

Use all the horizon available

Use low-pass frequency to

ensure model smoothness

MODEL BUILDING
MODEL BUILDING

39
8. Initial Model Building

Expected initial model:

Smooth (low frequency), structural consistency, and relatively lateral homogeny (not a
problem if using only one well)

40
9. Inversion Pre-Analysis

MODEL BUILDING

41
 9. Inversion Pre-Analysis

1 2

42
 9. Inversion Pre-Analysis

3 4

Use the previous initial

model for inversion Select the available well
for inversion control

“Next” again then “Ok”

43
9. Inversion Pre-Analysis

INVERSION ANALYSIS WINDOW

What to set now:
Inversion effective interval
Inversion parameters
Scaler Adjustment (if needed)

44
 9. Inversion Pre-Analysis

5 6

Adjust the inversion interval window

45
9. Inversion Pre-Analysis

Adjust the inversion constraint parameter

Rule of thumb:
Give loosest possible constraint to seismic,
If unsatisfied, harden the constraint slowly

“Apply” then “Close” to view the

resulting constraint result

46
9. Inversion Pre-Analysis

Inversion Interval

Target interval

Rule of thumb:
Give wider inversion interval than the
target interval (+/- 100 ms?)

47
9. Inversion Pre-Analysis

5 6

Acoustic Impedance Log Vs.

Inverted Acoustic Impedance

Close all the window except for

the seismic (model) window

48
10. Inversi Data & QC Hasil Inversi

DATA INVERSION

49
 10. Inversi Data & QC Hasil Inversi

3 4

Inversion window would be the

same as on the Analysis setting

DATA INVERSION

50
 10. Inversi Data & QC Hasil Inversi

Inversion parameters would be the

same as on the Analysis setting

DATA INVERSION

51
10. Inversi Data & QC Hasil Inversi

High Impedance seal (tight Low Impedance (loose

carbonate)? carbonate) reservoir?

52
10. Inversi Data & QC Hasil Inversi

INVERSION RESULT

Isolated low Impedance

(loose carbonate) reservoir?

53
10. Inversi Data & QC Hasil Inversi

INVERSION RESULT

54
10. Inversi Data & QC Hasil Inversi

INVERSION QC

55
10. Inversi Data & QC Hasil Inversi

Seismic

Inversion Synthetic

INVERSION QC
56
 11. Analisis Hasil Inversi & Cross-Plot Sensitivitas

1
3 2
4

Create a time slice at 1500 ms

slicing the carbonate build-up

INVERSION RESULT ANALYSIS

57
 11. Analisis Hasil Inversi & Cross-Plot Sensitivitas

INVERSION RESULT ANALYSIS

Adjust the color

58
11. Analisis Hasil Inversi & Cross-Plot Sensitivitas

INVERSION RESULT ANALYSIS

59
11. Analisis Hasil Inversi & Cross-Plot Sensitivitas

Very low AIClasticBackground

High AITightCarbonate

Carbonate Reservoir

Close all the window, save if asked

60
 11. Analisis Hasil Inversi & Cross-Plot Sensitivitas

INVERSION RESULT ANALYSIS

1

2 3

SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS

61
 11. Analisis Hasil Inversi & Cross-Plot Sensitivitas

4 5

Add: Add the available well

P-impedance
Gamma Ray
Porosity (total)

62
11. Analisis Hasil Inversi & Cross-Plot Sensitivitas

SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS

63
11. Analisis Hasil Inversi & Cross-Plot Sensitivitas

SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS

64
 11. Analisis Hasil Inversi & Cross-Plot Sensitivitas

Interval for sensitivity analysis can be

defined here, but for now, by default it
will use Horizon B-C

SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS

Next -> Ok

65
11. Analisis Hasil Inversi & Cross-Plot Sensitivitas

SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS

66
11. Analisis Hasil Inversi & Cross-Plot Sensitivitas

10

SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS

67
11. Analisis Hasil Inversi & Cross-Plot Sensitivitas

This shows that Porosity is linearly

correlates with Acoustic Impedance
High AI = High PHI
Low AI = Low PHI

SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS
68
 12. Pembuatan Penampang Porositas

69
12. Pembuatan Penampang Porositas

TRANSFORMING TO POROSITY

70
 12. Pembuatan Penampang Porositas

TRANSFORMING TO POROSITY

71
 12. Pembuatan Penampang Porositas

-0.00000894205 * inverted + 0.492845

TRANSFORMING TO POROSITY

72
12. Pembuatan Penampang Porositas

Using this approach may induces

false unit although the value is right

TRANSFORMING TO POROSITY

73
74
75