COKE MAKING

Oleh:
Ir Maulud Hidayat, SE, Msi
(Metalurgi Untirta)
 COKE MAKING

1. Coke Oven Plant

Gas
Treatment Clean
Crude COG
Plant (GTP) COG

Cooking COKE OVEN By Product

Coal BATTERY COKE
1. Tar Sludge
2. BTX
Coke Breeze 3. Sulphur
4. Tar
2. Coking Coal
Coal :
 Bahan fosil yang mudah terbakar yang terbentuk dari tumbuhan yang membusuk akibat reaksi
biokimia, fisika dan kimia dalam waktu yang lama.
 Bahan ini terbentuk dalam kondisi anaerobik unsur H,N,O dan C pada tumbuhan akan
terdekomposisi bentuk metana (𝐶𝐻4 ), amonia (𝑁𝐻3 ) dan air sedangkan kadar carbon
meningkat.

Penggeseran
Sedimentasi Carbonisasi
Tanah / Gempa
 COKE MAKING

3. Proses “Coalification”
 Karbonisasi : Penurunan VM (Volatile Meter) Peningkatan Fixed Carbon (FC )

 Deoxidasi  Dehidrasi

Coking Coal

Sub
Wood Peat Lignite bituminous
Bituminous Anthracite

Coal Rank (Peringkat

% % % % % % % Batubara)
Fungsi :
C 49 60 70 75 85 94  C content
H 7 6 5 5 5 3  O content
 Volatile Meter
N 44 34 25 20 10 3  Calorific Value
 Material analysis

 Aerobic & Anaerobic Anaerobic

 𝐶𝑂2 Removal
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4. Coalification
ASTM Sub
Lignite Bituminous Anthracite
US COAL Bituminous
VM
35.0 ~ 50.0 33.0 ~ 44.0 14.0 ~ 33.0 < 14.0
Volatile Meter
CV
Calorific Value < 7200 > 7200 > 7250
(Kalori)
Penggunaan Gas Coal Steam Coal Coking Coal Sintering PCI Coal

5. Coking Coal  Bituminous Coal

Definisi
Jenis batubara “glossy” yaitu:
 Warna gelap  batubara hitam
 Menghasilkan nyala api yang lama selama pembakaran
 Asap berbau khas
 Kandungan C = 80 – 90 % ; H = 4 – 6 %
 Nilai CV ( Calorific Value ) > 7750 kkal/kg
 Peringkat batu bara meningkat jika : kadar Hidrogen menurun dan kadar carbon
meningkat
 COKE MAKING
Peringkat Coking Coal

1. Berdasarkan Volatile Mature (VM) dan C  ASTM Standard

Item Low Medium High Volatile Mature

Volatile Volatile A B C
VM (%) 14 - 22 22 - 31 > 31 > 31 > 31
CV
X X > 7778 7322 - 7778 6389 - 7222
( kal / kg )

2. Berdasarkan LMF ( Log Max Fluidity )  30 C/min heating rate, dial the Max Value of Log
a) Hard coking coal :
 High fluidity
 Medium fluidity
 Low fluidity
 Semi Hard
b) Semi Soft Coking Coal :
 Semi soft
 Pet coke
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6. Coal Blending  Example

1 . American Coal LV = 3 %

Coking Coal 2. American Coal MV = 10 % Coke

Specification: 3. American Coal HV = 8 % TM < 4 %
TM = 7 – 11 % 4. Hard CC ( Canada ) = 23 % Ash < 13 %
Ash = 8 -10 % VM < 1 %
VM = 25 – 35 % 5. Hard CC ( Australia ) = 11 % TS < 0.6 %
Total Sulfur = 0.5 – 0.7 % 6. Semi Hard CC = 20 % FC = 81.4 %
Fixed C = 43.3 – 53.5 % Size = 25 – 75 mm
7. Soft CC = 22 %
Grain Size < 3 mm ( > 45 mm :85%)
( 85 – 90% ) 8. Steam Coal = 0 % Strength D50/150: >86 %
CSR
9. Non Coking Coal = 3 %
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7. Proses “Coke Making”

Coking Coke Making

Coke BF
Coal Process

Coal Quality Proses Karbonisasi : Coke Quality

TM = 7 – 11 %  Proses dekomposisi coking coal TM < 4 %
Ash = 8 – 10 % Ash < 13 %
 Memanaskan coking coal
VM = 25 – 35 % dalam oven VM < 1 %
TS = 0.5 – 0.7 %  Kondisi Anaerob TS < 0.6 %
Grain Size < 3 mm  Fixed carbon dan ash (abu) Grain Size < 75 mm
(81-83%) meningkat (> 45 mm: 85%)
Strength D50/150:  Kadar air (moisture) dan Strength
none volatile matter (bahan mudah D50/150 > 86%
menguap) menurun CSR
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8. Aliran “Coking Flow”

Coking Drying Melting Solidification Soft Coke Hard Coke Coke

Coal Mature
1000 C 3500 C 5000 C 6000 C 9000 C
10000 C
Coke oven temperature = 11000 - 12000 C

A SECTION