𝑎 . 𝑏⃗ = (𝑎𝑥𝑏𝑥𝑖
⃗ . 𝑖 + 𝑎𝑦𝑏𝑥𝑗 . 𝑖) + (𝑎𝑥𝑏𝑦𝑖 . 𝑗 + 𝑎𝑦𝑏𝑦𝑗 . 𝑗 Contoh soal 5 :
) Jika 𝑎 = 5𝑖− 5𝑗dan 𝑏⃗ = 6𝑖+ 𝑐𝑗
Tentukan nilai c agar 𝑎 dan 𝑏⃗saling tegak
𝑎 . 𝑏⃗ = (𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑥 . 1 + 𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑥 . 0) + (𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑦 . 0 + 𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑦 . 1)
lurus
𝑎 . 𝑏⃗ = (𝑎𝑥𝑏𝑥 + 0) + (0 + 𝑎 𝑦 𝑏 𝑦 ) Jawab :
Agar 𝑎 dan 𝑏⃗saling tegak lurus, maka
𝑎 . 𝑏⃗ = 𝑎𝑥𝑏𝑥 + 𝑎𝑦𝑏𝑦 𝑎 . 𝑏⃗ = 0
0 = 𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑎 𝑦 𝑏𝑦
0 = 5.6 + (−5)𝑐
30
5𝑐 = 30 → 𝑐 = = 6
3. Perkalian silang dua vektor 5
𝑎 𝑥 𝑏⃗ = 𝑎𝑏 sin 𝜃
𝑟
Keterangan:
𝜃 = sudut antara dua vektor
𝑎𝑏 = besar masing-masing vektor 𝑎 , 𝑏⃗
𝑟 = vektor satuan yang arahnya tegak lurus dengan
vektor 𝑎 , maupun vektor 𝑏⃗
Dari definisi perkalian silang tersebut dapat
Perkalian vektor dari vektor – vektor satuan
disimpulkan bahwa:
𝑖 , 𝑗 , dan 𝑘⃗ .
Hasil perkalian silang dua buah vektor adalah
sebuah vektor yang arahnya tegak lurus pada bidang
yang dibentuk masing – masing vektor
𝑖𝑥𝑗=𝑘
𝑗 𝑥 𝑘⃗ = 𝑖
𝑗 𝑥 𝑖 = −𝑘
𝑘⃗ 𝑥 𝑗 = −𝑖
𝑖 x 𝑖 = 𝑗 x 𝑗 = 𝑘⃗ 𝑥 𝑘⃗ =
0
Contoh Soal 1:
Diketahui :
𝑎 = 𝑎𝑥 𝑖 + 𝑎𝑦 𝑗 + 𝑎𝑧 𝑘⃗
𝑏⃗ = 𝑏𝑥 𝑖 + 𝑏𝑦 𝑗 + 𝑏𝑧 𝑘⃗
Ditanya : a. 𝑎 𝑥 𝑏⃗ = ⋯ ?
b. 𝑏⃗ x 𝑎 = … ?
Dijawab :
a. 𝑎 𝑥 𝑏⃗ = (𝑎𝑥 𝑖 + 𝑎𝑦 𝑗 + 𝑎𝑧 𝑘⃗ )x(𝑏𝑥 𝑖 + 𝑏𝑦 𝑗 + 𝑏𝑧 𝑘⃗ )
𝑎 𝑥 𝑏⃗ = (𝑎𝑥 𝑖 + 𝑎𝑦 𝑗 + 𝑎𝑧 𝑘⃗ )x𝑏𝑥 𝑖 + (𝑎𝑥 𝑖 + 𝑎𝑦 𝑗 + 𝑎𝑧 𝑘⃗ )x𝑏𝑦 𝑗 + (𝑎𝑥 𝑖 + 𝑎𝑦 𝑗 + 𝑎𝑧 𝑘⃗
)x𝑏𝑧 𝑘⃗
𝑎 𝑥 𝑏⃗ = (𝑎𝑥 𝑖 x 𝑏𝑥 𝑖 + 𝑎𝑦 𝑗 x 𝑏𝑥 𝑖 + 𝑎𝑧 𝑘⃗ x 𝑏𝑥 𝑖 ) + (𝑎𝑥 𝑖 x 𝑏𝑦 𝑗 + 𝑎𝑦 𝑗 x 𝑏𝑦 𝑗 + 𝑎𝑧 𝑘⃗ x 𝑏𝑦 𝑗 ) + (𝑎𝑥 𝑖 x𝑏𝑧 𝑘⃗ + 𝑎𝑦 𝑗 x𝑏𝑧 𝑘⃗ + 𝑎𝑧
𝑘⃗ x𝑏𝑧 𝑘⃗ )
𝑎 𝑥 𝑏⃗ = (𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑥 𝑖 x 𝑖 + 𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑥 𝑗 x 𝑖 + 𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑥 𝑘⃗ x 𝑖 ) + (𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑦 𝑖 x 𝑗 + 𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑦 𝑗 x 𝑗 + 𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑦 𝑘⃗ x 𝑗 ) + (𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑧 𝑖 𝑥𝑘⃗ + 𝑎𝑦 x𝑏𝑧 𝑗 𝑥𝑘⃗ +
𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑧 𝑘⃗ 𝑥𝑘⃗ )
𝑎 𝑥 𝑏⃗ = 𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑥 . 0 + 𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑥 (−𝑘⃗ ) + 𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑥 𝑗 + 𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑦 𝑘⃗ + 𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑦 . 0 + 𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑦 (− 𝑖 ) + 𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑧 (−𝑗 ) + 𝑎𝑦 x𝑏𝑧 𝑖 + 𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑧 . 0
𝑎 𝑥 𝑏⃗ = 𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑥 (−𝑘⃗ ) + 𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑥 𝑗 + 𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑦 𝑘⃗ + 𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑦 (− 𝑖 ) + 𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑧 (−𝑗 ) + 𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑧 𝑖
𝑎 𝑥 𝑏⃗ = −𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑥 𝑘⃗ + 𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑥 𝑗 + 𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑦 𝑘⃗ − 𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑦 𝑖 − 𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑧 𝑗 + 𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑧 𝑖
𝑎 𝑥 𝑏⃗ = 𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑦 𝑘⃗ − 𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑥 𝑘⃗ + 𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑥 𝑗 − 𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑧 𝑗 + 𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑧 𝑖 − 𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑦 𝑖
𝑎 𝑥 𝑏⃗ = (𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑧 − 𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑦 )𝑖 + (𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑧 )𝑗 + (𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑦 − 𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑥 )𝑘⃗
b. 𝑏⃗ 𝑥 𝑎 = (𝑏𝑥 𝑖 + 𝑏𝑦 𝑗 + 𝑏𝑧 𝑘⃗ )x (𝑎𝑥 𝑖 + 𝑎𝑦 𝑗 + 𝑎𝑧 𝑘⃗ )
𝑏⃗ 𝑥 𝑎 = (𝑏𝑥 𝑖 + 𝑏𝑦 𝑗 + 𝑏𝑧 𝑘⃗ )x𝑎𝑥 𝑖 +(𝑏𝑥 𝑖 + 𝑏𝑦 𝑗 + 𝑏𝑧 𝑘⃗ )x𝑎𝑦 𝑗 + (𝑏𝑥 𝑖 + 𝑏𝑦 𝑗 + 𝑏𝑧 𝑘⃗ )x𝑎𝑧 𝑘⃗
𝑏⃗ 𝑥 𝑎 = (𝑏𝑥 𝑖 𝑥𝑎𝑥 𝑖 + 𝑏𝑦 𝑗 x𝑎𝑥 𝑖 + 𝑏𝑧 𝑘⃗ x𝑎𝑥 𝑖 ) +(𝑏𝑥 𝑖 x𝑎𝑦 𝑗 + 𝑏𝑦 𝑗 x𝑎𝑦 𝑗 + 𝑏𝑧 𝑘⃗ x𝑎𝑦 𝑗 ) + (𝑏𝑥 𝑖 x𝑎𝑧 𝑘⃗ + 𝑏𝑦 𝑗 x𝑎𝑧 𝑘⃗ + 𝑏𝑧 𝑘⃗
x𝑎𝑧 𝑘⃗ )
𝑏⃗ 𝑥 𝑎 = (𝑏𝑥 𝑎𝑥 𝑖 𝑥𝑖 + 𝑏𝑦 𝑎𝑥 𝑗 x𝑖 + 𝑏𝑧 𝑎𝑥 𝑘⃗ x𝑖 ) +(𝑏𝑥 𝑎𝑦 𝑖 x𝑗 + 𝑏𝑦 𝑎𝑦 𝑗 x𝑗 + 𝑏𝑧 𝑎𝑦 𝑘⃗ x𝑗 ) + (𝑏𝑥 𝑎𝑧 𝑖 x𝑘⃗ + 𝑏𝑦 𝑎𝑧 𝑗 x𝑘⃗ +
𝑏𝑧 𝑎𝑧 𝑘⃗ x𝑘⃗ )
𝑏⃗ 𝑥 𝑎 = 𝑏𝑥 𝑎𝑥 . 0 + 𝑏𝑦 𝑎𝑥 (−𝑘⃗ ) + 𝑏𝑧 𝑎𝑥 𝑗 + 𝑏𝑥 𝑎𝑦 𝑘⃗ + 𝑏𝑦 𝑎𝑦 . 0 + 𝑏𝑧 𝑎𝑦 (−𝑖 ) + 𝑏𝑥 𝑎𝑧 (−𝑗 ) + 𝑏𝑦 𝑎𝑧 𝑖 + 𝑏𝑧 𝑎𝑧 . 0
𝑏⃗ 𝑥 𝑎 = 0 + 𝑏𝑦 𝑎𝑥 (−𝑘⃗ ) + 𝑏𝑧 𝑎𝑥 𝑗 + 𝑏𝑥 𝑎𝑦 𝑘⃗ + 0 + 𝑏𝑧 𝑎𝑦 (−𝑖 ) + 𝑏𝑥 𝑎𝑧 (−𝑗 ) + 𝑏𝑦 𝑎𝑧 𝑖 +
.0
𝑏⃗ 𝑥 𝑎 = 𝑏𝑥 𝑎𝑦 𝑘⃗ − 𝑏𝑦 𝑎𝑥 𝑘⃗ + 𝑏𝑧 𝑎𝑥 𝑗 −𝑏𝑥 𝑎𝑧 𝑗 + 𝑏𝑦 𝑎𝑧 𝑖 − 𝑏𝑧 𝑎𝑦 𝑖
𝑏⃗ 𝑥 𝑎 = (𝑏𝑥 𝑎𝑦 − 𝑏𝑦 𝑎𝑥 )𝑘⃗ + (𝑏𝑧 𝑎𝑥 −𝑏𝑥 𝑎𝑧 )𝑗 + (𝑏𝑦 𝑎𝑧 − 𝑏𝑧 𝑎𝑦 )𝑖
𝑏⃗ 𝑥 𝑎 = (𝑏𝑦 𝑎𝑧 − 𝑏𝑧 𝑎𝑦 )𝑖 + (𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑧 −𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑥 )𝑗 + (𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑦 )𝑘⃗
𝑏⃗ 𝑥 𝑎 = (𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑦 − 𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑧 )𝑖 + (𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑧 −𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑥 )𝑗 + (𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑦 )𝑘⃗
𝑏⃗ 𝑥 𝑎 = −(𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑧 − 𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑦 )𝑖 − (𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑥 −𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑧 )𝑗 − (𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑦 − 𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑥 )𝑘⃗
𝑏⃗ 𝑥 𝑎 = −{(𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑧 − 𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑦 )𝑖 + (𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑥 −𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑧 )𝑗 + (𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑦 − 𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑥 )𝑘⃗ }
𝑏⃗ 𝑥 𝑎 = −𝑎𝑥 𝑏⃗
Contoh Soal 1: 𝑖 𝑗 𝑘⃗
Diketahui :
𝑎 𝑥 𝑏⃗ = |𝑎𝑥 𝑎𝑦 𝑎𝑧|
𝑎 = 𝑎𝑥 𝑖 + 𝑎𝑦 𝑗 + 𝑏𝑥 𝑏𝑦 𝑏𝑧
𝑎𝑧 𝑘⃗
𝑏⃗ = 𝑏𝑥 𝑖 + 𝑏𝑦 𝑗 + 𝑏𝑧 𝑘⃗
Ditanya : 𝑎 𝑥 𝑏⃗ = ⋯ ?
Dijawab :
𝑎 𝑥 𝑏⃗ =𝑖 (𝑎𝑦 𝑏𝑧 − 𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑦 ) + 𝑗 (𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑧 )𝑗 + (𝑎𝑧 𝑏𝑥 −
𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑧 )