DESKRIPSI ALKOHOL
Methanol Synthesis :
CO + 2H2 ------- CH3OH
methanol
CO2 + 3H2 ----- CH3OH + H2O
methanol
Typical Analysis
Methanol
D. Kegunaan
1. Sebagai solvent ( untuk extraksi &
cleaning agent ).
2. Sebagai bahan baku untuk industri
formaldehyde.
Down stream : ester, methyl amine,
dye stuff - pewarna, etc
Methanol
Hazard
Health hazard:
Toxic by ingestion. Damaging if splashed in
eyes. High concentrations of vapour may
cause dizziness, stupor, cramps and digestive
disturbance. Low level may cause headache
and nausea. Chronic affects-damages the
central nervous system, particulary the optic
nerve and internal organ.
Methanol
Hazard
First Aid :
Eye : Irrigate thoroughly with water for at least 10. minutes.
Obtain medical attention.
Lungs: Remove from exposure, rest and keep warm. In severe
cases Obtain Medical Attention.
Skin : Wash off skin thoroughly with water. Remove
contaminated clothing and wash before re use. In severe cases
Obtain Medical Attention.
Mouth : Wash mouth thoroughly with water and give plenty
drink. Obtain Medical Attention.
Ethanol
Sifat Kimia :
3. Kegunaan.
A. Desinfectant.
B. Bahan dasar : Phenolformaldehyd resin, epoxy,
insectisida.
Phenol
4. Karakteristik.
A. Titik lebur : 43 deg C.
B. Terhadap kulit/tubuh manusia, sangat irritant dan
beracun (bila terkena phenol, kulit terasa pedih
sekali, mengkerut, menjadi putih, jaringannya mati
dan membusuk.
Phenol terserap melalui kulit, masuk ke pembuluh
darah, meracuni darah shg korban dapat meninggal
dalam waktu tidak lama/30 menit.
Sampling
1. Cairan Homogen.
- Running or all level, and spot sampling : tap , UML.
2. Cairan Non Homogen.
A. Utk charakteristic umum (density, color, moisture
etc) UML levels sampling.
B. Utk spesifik test : tergantung pada karakteristik
produk:
Kontaminasi dari alat & lingkungan harus di
pertimbangan – more sample needed as first
foot, pipeline etc.
Precaution
Spot Sampling
Tank Cleaning & Cleanliness
1. Tank Cleaning.
- Utk produk yang mudah larut dgn air, clean/fresh
water efektif sebagai media cleaning, penggunaan
sea water dihindari karena choride akan
mengkontaminasi.
- Untuk produk yang terbatas kelarutannya dalam air,
membutuhkan warm water for cleaning.
- Steam dibutuhkan untuk menghilangkan sisa uap
dalam tanki.
- Final step : draining & draying with fresh water.
Tank Cleaning & Cleanliness
2. Tank Cleanliness.
- Pada umumnya alkohol merupakan pelarut kuat,
shg sensitive terhadap foreign particle (khususnya
yang ditentukan dalam spec).
- Visually clean tidak cukup memadai (dry, odorless,
no loss solid particle etc).
- Chemically clean test shall be complied ( by
applying wall wash test method) :
- Hydrocarbon test.
- Cholride test.
- Permanganate test time ( PTT test ).
Tank Material & Coating.
1. Volume Standard.
- V 15 = Vt x ( 1 + (15-t) x fv)
- V15 : volume at 15 deg C.
- Vt: volume at t deg C
- Fv : volume correction coefficient
2. Weight Determination
W = V15 x D15*
D15* : density at 15 in air
Coefficient – JIS
1. Volume / deg C.
- Methanol : 0.00116
- Ethanol : 0.00107 ( ethanol 99% ).
- Ethylene Glycol : 0.00063
- IPA : 0.00103
2. Density Correction Coefficient / deg C.
- Methanol : 0.00086
- Ethanol : 0.00107 ( ethanol 99% ).
- Ethylene Glycol : 0.00070
- IPA : 0.00082
Converting Density at 15 deg C to kg/ltr in air
Range Density at 15 : Density at 15 to kg/ltr in air :
- 0.4659 – (under) - - 0.0012
- 0.4660 – 1.1297 - - 0.0011
- 1.1298 – 1.7934 - - 0.0010
Water Density Table
VOL OBSVD TEMP AVG VCF VOL STD TEMP AVG VCF VOL STD Different
Menghitung Berat
W = V std x Kg/lt in air at std
= 1176.341 x 0.7944