Tomy Abuzairi, PhD

Departemen Teknik Elektro

Fakultas Teknik
Universitas Indonesia
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 Sterilisasi
Sterilisasi adalah proses destruksi atau mematikan
mikroorganisme (protozoa, fungi, bakteri, mycoplasma,
virus).

Proses Sterilisasi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari

Mencuci tangan Mandi Mencuci Botol Bayi

dengan Handsanitaizer

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 Sterilisasi Peralatan Medis
¡ Thermal (Autoclaving)
• Suhu 121 oC
• Paling umum digunakan
¡ Chemical
• EtO (Ethylene Oxide)
• H2O2 (Hydrogen Peroxide)
¡ Irradiation
• Gamma radiation
• X-Rays
• E-Beam

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 Sterilisasi Peralatan Medis
¡ Thermal (Autoclaving)
• Material tidak tahan panas
• Beberapa bakteri tidak pengaruh
¡ Chemical
• Meninggalkan residu beracun
• Waktu lama
¡ Irradiation
• Sangat mahal

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 Sterilisasi Plasma

Referensi: https://inet.detik.com/science/d-4995241/kabah-disterilkan-dengan-teknologi-ozon-seperti-apa-bentuknya
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 Apa itu Plasma?
Plasma merupakan gas yang terionisasi (positif ion, elektron
bebas, dan partikel bermuatan)

Tomy Abuzairi et al. “Biochip Sensor Berbasis Carbon Nanotube (Fabrikasi, Fungsionalisasi, dan Immobilisasi)”, Deepublish, September 2019 10
 Jenis-Jenis Plasma

Plasma Alami Plasma Buatan Manusia

(Aurora, Petir) (RF Plasma)

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 Jenis-Jenis Plasma
Jenis Plasma Suhu (K) Kerapatan Elektron Tipe Discharge Aplikasi
(m-3)
1. Equilibrium Te ≈ Tion ≈ Tgas = ne ≥ 1020 Laser fusion Fusion plasma for
Plasma (Plasma 106–108 Tokamak energy
Suhu Tinggi)
2. Quasi-Equilibrium Te ≈ Tion ≈ Tn ≈ ne ≥ 1020 Arc plasma, Radio- Welding and cutting,
Plasma (Plasma Tgas ≤ 2 × 104 frequency (RF) Waste treatment,
Thermal) Plasma, Microwave Material processing,
plasma etc. etc.
3. Non-Equilibrium Te ≥ Tion ≥ Tn ≈ Tgas = ne ≈ 1010 Glow discharge, Ozonizer, Plasma
Plasma (Plasma Non- 300–1000 Corona discharge, medicine, Volatile
Thermal) atmospheric organic compound
pressure plasma jet (VOC) treatment,
(APPJ), dielectric Plasma agriculture,
barrier discharge Surface
(DBD) modifications
(coating, etching,
activation, cleaning,
nitration, etc.)

Te = electron temperature, Tion = ion temperature, Tgas = gas temperature, ne = electron density.

Sakudo, Akikazu, Yoshihito Yagyu, and Takashi Onodera. "Disinfection and Sterilization Using Plasma Technology: Fundamentals and Future 12
Perspectives for Biological Applications." International journal of molecular sciences 20.20 (2019): 5216.
 Jenis-Jenis Plasma Non-Thermal

Zolfaghari, Pezhman, et al. Applied Surface Yousfi, M., et al. "Non thermal plasma sources of production of active species
Science 490 (2019): 266-277. for biomedical uses: analyses, optimization and prospect." Biomedical
Engineering-Frontiers and Challenges. IntechOpen, 2011.

1. Glow discharge plasma 2. Corona discharge plasma

Tegangan = AC 1,5 kV Tegangan = DC 3,5 kV
Gas = N2, O2, Ar Gas = Udara Atmosfir
Tekanan = 66 Pa Tekanan = Atmosfir
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 Jenis-Jenis Plasma Non-Thermal

Nicol, McKayla J., et al. "Antibacterial effects of low-

temperature plasma generated by atmospheric-
pressure plasma jet are mediated by reactive oxygen
species." Scientific reports 10.1 (2020): 1-11. Wang, Hao, et al. "Sterilizing processes and mechanisms for treatment of
Escherichia coli with dielectric-barrier discharge plasma." Applied and
Environmental Microbiology 86.1 (2019).
3. Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet
(APPJ) 4. Dielectric-barrier discharge plasma

Tegangan = AC 17-20 kV Tegangan = Pulse 44 kV

Gas = He, O2 Gas = Udara Atmosfir
Tekanan = Atmosfir Tekanan = Atmosfir
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 Aplikasi Plasma
Disinfection/sterilization of
medical devices, as well as the
degradation of toxins and other
pathological contaminants.

Groot canal Cleaning of waste

disinfection water as well as
and tooth the treatment of
disinfection. exhaust gases.

Disinfection of foods and

agricultural sources such as
seed, fertilizer, waters and soils

Sakudo, Akikazu, Yoshihito Yagyu, and Takashi Onodera. "Disinfection and Sterilization Using Plasma Technology: Fundamentals and Future 15
Perspectives for Biological Applications." International journal of molecular sciences 20.20 (2019): 5216.
 Sterilisasi Plasma: Bakteri dan Jamur

Maeda, Kojiro, et al. "Inactivation of Salmonella by nitrogen gas plasma Sakudo, Akikazu, et al. "Degradation and detoxification of aflatoxin B1 using
generated by a static induction thyristor as a pulsed power supply." Food nitrogen gas plasma generated by a static induction thyristor as a pulsed
Control 52 (2015): 54-59. power supply." Food Control 73 (2017): 619-626.

N2 gas plasma generates reactive chemical Although the amount of heat and ultraviolet
species that alter components light is insufficient to inactivate the toxin, the
of Salmonella such as the cell surface as reactive chemical products appear to
well as damaging the genomic DNA. contribute to the degradation of AFB1.

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Sterilisasi Plasma: Bakteri dan Jamur
Low temperature atmospheric
pressure plasma jet inhibits
bacterial growth of S. aureus and E.
coli.

Nicol, McKayla J., et al. "Antibacterial effects of low-temperature plasma

generated by atmospheric-pressure plasma jet are mediated by reactive
oxygen species." Scientific reports 10.1 (2020): 1-11. 17
 Sterilisasi Plasma: Virus

Sakudo, A.; et al. PLoS ONE 2016, 11, e0157922.

Sakudo, A.; et al. Biomed. Res. Int. 2013, 2013, 694269.

Nitrogen gas plasma treatment with the

Viral titers of median tissue culture infectious BLP-TES device resulted in a decrease in
dose (TCID50) values reduced after treatment viral titer [plaque forming units (PFU)
with low-pressure nitrogen gas plasma per ml] of adenovirus.
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 Disinfektasi Plasma

Moon, Se Youn, and A-Young Moon "Decontamination Effects of Ozone Generated in an Atmospheric-pressure Air Plasma on Packaged Fruits." Applied Science and
Convergence Technology 28.2 (2019): 17-23.

Toyokawa, Yoichi, et al. "A new roller conveyer system of non-thermal gas plasma as a potential control measure of plant pathogenic bacteria in primary food
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production." Food control 72 (2017): 62-72.
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 Mekanisme Sterilisasi Plasma
(B0 to B2) TEM images of
whole E. coli after treatment
for 0, 1 min, or 2 min.

Ruptures of E. coli
membranes are highlighted
by the yellow circles (1 to 3
and 7 to 9), and the
denaturation of genetic
material is highlighted by the
green circles (4 to 6 and 10
to 12). The arrows point to
the cell walls and
membranes.

Wang, Hao, et al. "Sterilizing processes and mechanisms for treatment of Escherichia coli with dielectric-barrier discharge plasma." Applied and
Environmental Microbiology 86.1 (2019).
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 Mekanisme Sterilisasi Plasma

Wang, Hao, et al. "Sterilizing processes and mechanisms for treatment of Escherichia coli with dielectric-barrier discharge plasma." Applied and
Environmental Microbiology 86.1 (2019). 22
 Mekanisme Sterilisasi Plasma

Tiga mekanisme:
1. Radical (gas ozon, Hydroxide
radical)
2. Sinar UV
3. dV/dt yang tinggi dan pulsa
cepat

Sakudo, Akikazu, Takashi Onodera, and Yasuharu Tanaka. "Inactivation of viruses." Sterilization and Disinfection by Plasma, Nove Scientific 2 (2011): 49-56.

Klämpfl, Tobias G., et al. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 78.15 (2012): 5077- Toyokawa, Yoichi, et al. Food control 72 (2017): 62-72.
5082. 23
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