Struktur Sedimen
2015
PRE-DEPOSITIONAL Channels
Flute marks
Groove marks EROSIONAL
Tool marks
Slumps
POST-DEPOSITIONAL DEFORMATIONAL
Slides
Load cast
BOGGS (1987) MEMBEDAKAN JENIS STRUKTUR SEDIMEN
MENJADI 4, YAITU :
Boggs, 2006
Perilaku Fluida dan Sedimen : Tipe Aliran
• Reynolds number (Re), a
dimensionless quantity that
indicates the extent to which a flow
is laminar or turbulent.
• the velocity of flow (v),
• the ratio between the density of
the fluid and viscosity of the
fluid (ʋ – the fluid kinematic
viscosity)
• length (l – the diameter of a
pipe or depth of flow in an open
channel).
Re : < 500 , laminar
Re: > 2000, turbulen
Laminar flow : Low velocity, High density Debris flow, moving ice and lava flows
and all of which have high kinematic viscosities
Turbulent flow : High velocity, Low density, low kinematic viscosity air, angin.
Note : Aliran air bergerak secara laminar pada kecepatan yang rendah atau pada
kedalaman air yang sangat dangkal.
TRANSPORTASI SEDIMEN OLEH FLUIDA
• Wash load
Perilaku Fluida dan Sedimen : Diagram Hjȕlstrom
(Nichols, 2009)
After Allen and Chambers, 1998
STRUKTUR SEDIMEN
Stratification and bedform
◦ Planar bedding and lamination
Laminated bedding
Graded bedding
Massive bedding
◦ Bedform
Ripples
Dunes
Antidunes
◦ Cross-stratification
Cross bedding
Ripple cross lamination
Flaser and lenticular bedding
Hummocky cross-stratification
PERLAPISAN / LAMINASI PLANAR
Struktur sedimen paling sering dijumpai, umumnya
terbentuk dari aktivitas arus
Boggs, 1987
PERLAPISAN / LAMINASI PLANAR
Planar lamination
Boggs (1987)
membagi kriteria bedform menjadi 3, yaitu :
1. Ripple
2. Dune
3. Antidune
16
FLOW REGIME/ REZIM ALIRAN
based on Simons et al. (1965 ) and Allen (1968a )
Note :
a. straight-crested ripples
b. undulatory ripples
c. linguoid ripples
d. lunate ripples
RIPPLE
19
Current Ripple,
Akibat arus 1 arah
(Nichols, 2009)
Bedform
Wave Ripple,
Karena gelombang/
arus 2 arah