N-asetilglukosamin (Kitin)
2
3
Borrelia burgdorferi Trichoderma sp. Cyanobacterium
anabaena
5
Kitinase memecah ikatan ß-glikosidik
secara hidrolitik di antara dua residu GlcNAc.
6
Gambar 2. Endokiitinase memecah kitin menjadi produk multimer.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Endochitinase.png, diakses pada 1 Oktober 2022
7
Gambar 3. Mekanisme glikohidrolase
(Robertus & Monzingo, 1999)
8
Gambar 4. Pengikatan Kitinase (dari Hordeum vulgare) ke polimer kitin
(Robertus & Monzingo, 1999)
9
KARAKTERISTIK
KITINASE
10
selulase kitinase lisozim kitosanase
glycohydrolases
11
EC 3.2.1.14 - Kitinase
3 Hidrolase
3.2 Glikohidrolase
3.2.1 Glikosidase, enzim yang
menghidrolisis senyawa O- dan
S-glikosil
3.2.1.14 Kitinase
13
Gambar 6. Struktur 3D kitinase dari Hordeum vulgare
(Perrakis et al., 1994)
14
15
Gambar 7. Domain katalitik di kitinase (dari Bacillus thuringiensis)
(Juárez-Hernández et al., 2019)
16
ISOLASI DAN PRODUKSI
KITINASE
17
Gambar 8. Isolasi kitinase dari tanaman
(Malik, 2019) 18
Aspergillus terreus Enterobacter sp.
dari ikan kakatua dari biji gandum
Paenibacillus taichungensis
di tanah humus
19
Gambar 9. Bioreaktor tangki berpengaduk Gambar 10. Bioreaktor pengangkutan udara
(Chisti & Moo-Young, 2003) (Prado Barragán et al., 2016)
20
Gambar 8. Metode fermentasi fasa padat
https://microbenotes.com/solid-state-fermentation-ssf/ diakses pada 4 Oktober 2022 21
PEMANFAATAN
KITINASE
22
Kitinase untuk degradasi limbah
kulit udang
25
Daftar Pustaka
Aryal, S. (2022, September 5). Solid State Fermentation (SSF). Microbe Notes. Retrieved October 4, 2022, from
https://microbenotes.com/solid-state-fermentation-ssf/
Adrangi, S., & Faramarzi, M. A. (2013, December). From bacteria to human: A journey into the world of chitinases.
Biotechnology Advances, 31(8), 1786–1795. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.09.012
Chisti, Y., & Moo-Young, M. (2003). Bioreactors. Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology, 247–271.
https://doi.org/10.1016/b0-12-227410-5/00067-3
Hahn, M., Hennig, M., Schlesier, B., & Höhne, W. (2000, September 1). Structure of jack bean chitinase. Acta
Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography, 56(9), 1096–1099. https://doi.org/10.1107/s090744490000857x
Javed, S., Ahmad, M., Ahmad, M., Abdin, M., Hamid, R., Khan, M., & Musarrat, J. (2013). Chitinases: An update. Journal of
Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences, 5(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.4103/0975-7406.106559
Juárez-Hernández, E. O., Casados-Vázquez, L. E., Brieba, L. G., Torres-Larios, A., Jimenez-Sandoval, P., &
Barboza-Corona, J. E. (2019, February 22). The crystal structure of the chitinase ChiA74 of Bacillus thuringiensis has
a multidomain assembly. Scientific Reports, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-39464-z
Malik, A., & P. (2019, January 8). Purification and properties of plant chitinases: A review. Journal of Food Biochemistry,
43(3), e12762. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfbc.12762
26
Daftar Pustaka
Mathew, G. M., Madhavan, A., Arun, K. B., Sindhu, R., Binod, P., Singhania, R. R., Sukumaran, R. K., & Pandey, A. (2020,
August 22). Thermophilic Chitinases: Structural, Functional and Engineering Attributes for Industrial Applications.
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 193(1), 142–164. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-020-03416-5
Oyeleye, A., & Normi, Y. (2018, August 29). Chitinase: diversity, limitations, and trends in engineering for suitable
applications. Bioscience Reports, 38(4). https://doi.org/10.1042/bsr20180323
Perrakis, A., Tews, I., Dauter, Z., Oppenheim, A. B., Chet, I., Wilson, K. S., & Vorgias, C. E. (1994, December). Crystal
structure of a bacterial chitinase at 2.3 Å resolution. Structure, 2(12), 1169–1180.
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0969-2126(94)00119-7
Prado Barragán, L., Figueroa, J., Rodríguez Durán, L., Aguilar González, C., & Hennigs, C. (2016). Fermentative
Production Methods. Biotransformation of Agricultural Waste and By-Products, 189–217.
https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-803622-8.00007-0
Robertus, J. D., & Monzingo, A. F. (1999). The structure and action of chitinases. Chitin and Chitinases, 125–135.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8757-1_9
Stoykov, Y. M., Pavlov, A. I., & Krastanov, A. I. (2014, December 3). Chitinase biotechnology: Production, purification, and
application. Engineering in Life Sciences, 15(1), 30–38. https://doi.org/10.1002/elsc.201400173
Yamagami, T., & Funatsu, G. (1994, January). The Complete Amino Acid Sequence of Chitinase-a from the Seeds of Rye
(Secale cereal). Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, 58(2), 322–329. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.58.322
27