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LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK
ANALISA MUTU LIMBAH DAN EVALUASI DATA HASIL ANALISA

A. TUJUAN
1. Peserta didik menghitung nilai parameter uji berdasarkan data hasil analisa yang disajikan
2. Peserta didik melakukan evaluasi hasil analisa dengan menentukan keberterimaan hasil analisa
menggunakan RSD Horwitz
3. Peserta didik menyimpulkan hasil analisa berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data analisa yang
dibandingkan dengan Baku Mutu Limbah Cair berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Negara
Lingkungan Hidup Nomor: KEP-51/MENLH/10/1995
4. Peserta didik membuat Sertifikat Hasil Pengujian

B. PETUNJUK KERJA
1. Kerjakan LKPD ini secara berkelompok! Setiap kelompok terdiri dari 2-3 anak (anak-anak bebas
menentukan anggota kelompok masing-masing).
2. Cetak/print out LKPD ini! LKPD boleh dicetak untuk setiap anak 1 atau setiap kelompok 1.
3. Pelajari kasus yang dideskripsikan pada bagian C. DATA ANALISA!
4. Hitung nilai masing-masing parameter uji berdasarkan data yang disajikan!
5. Lakukan evaluasi hasil analisa dengan menentukan keberterimaan hasil pengujian/analisa
menggunakan RSD Horwitz yang dapat dilihat dan dipelajari dalam handout yang sudah
diberikan pada pertemuan sebelumnya! Peserta didik juga diperkenankan mencari sumber lain
untuk mempelajari tentang keberterimaan hasil pengujian/analisa.
6. Carilah Baku Mutu Limbah Cair berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup
Nomor: KEP-51/MENLH/10/1995 kemudian buatlah kesimpulan terhadap hasil perhitungan
nilai parameter uji dan hasil evaluasi data analisa berdasarkan baku mutu limbahnya!
7. Buatlah sertifikat hasil pengujian. Peserta didik dapat mencari contoh sertifikat hasil pengujian
dengan browsing dari internet!
8. Bagian D, E, dan F dikerjakan di LKPD dengan ditulis tangan. Satu kelompok cukup
mengerjakan 1 saja.
9. Bagian D. Sertifikat Hasil Pengujian/Analisa boleh dikerjakan/didesaian menggunakan aplikasi
apa saja (Ms. Word, Corel Draw, dsb.)
10. Baik pekerjaan di LKPD maupun sertifikat hasil pengujian dikumpulkan dalam bentuk soft
copy/pdf di GC. Setiap anak wajib mengumpulkan di GC masing-masing meskipun dikerjakan
secara berkelompok.

C. DATA ANALISA
Sebuah industri susu PT. Cinta Anak menghasilkan limbah industri yang setelah diolah kemudian
dibawa ke laboratorium pengujian untuk menentukan apakah pengolahan limbah telah
memberikan hasil limbah yang sesuai dengan baku mutu limbah industri sesuai Keputusan Menteri
Negara Lingkungan Hidup Nomor: KEP-51/MENLH/10/1995 sehingga siap dibuang ke perairan atau
tidak. Berdasarkan hasil analisa, diperoleh data sebagai berikut:
1. Penentuan TSS
Sampel sebanyak 200 mL dilakukan pengujian TSS dengan 3 kali pengulangan, dan memberikan
hasil sebagai berikut:

Pengulangan Pengujian Berat Kertas Saring Kosong Berat Kertas Saring+Residu

(mg) (mg)
Pengujian ke-1 659,6 668,0
Pengujian ke-2 658,9 667,7
Pengujian ke-3 659,3 667,9

2. Penentuan BOD
BOD atau disebut juga Biochemical Oxygen Demand merupakan suatu sifat atau karakteristik
yang menunjukkan jumlah oksigen terlarut yang diperlukan oleh mikroorganisme untuk
 mengurai atau mendekomposisi bahan organik dalam kondsi aerobik (Umaly dan Cuvin : 1988).
Pendapat yang sama (Boyd, 1990), menyatakan bahwa bahan organik yang terdekomposisi
dalam BOD merupakan bahan organik yang siap terdekomposisi (readily decomposable organic
matter). Sedangkan (Rachmawati, 2017) menyatakan bahwa nilai BOD tidak menunjukkan
jumlah bahan organik yang sebenarnya, tetapi hanya mengukur secara relatif jumlah oksigen
yang dibutuhkan untuk mengoksidasi bahan buangan tersebut.

Penentuan BOD pada sampel limbah dilakukan dengan mengukur kandungan oksigen terlarut
awal (DOi) dari sampel segera setelah pengambilan contoh. Setelah itu dilakukan pengukuran
DO5, yaitu pengukuran DO setelah sampel diinkubasi selama 5 hari dengan suasana gelap dan
suhu konstan (20 oC). Selisih DOi-DO5 merupakan nilai BOD dalam miligram oksigen per liter
(mg/L). Inkubasi dalam kondisi gelap dilakukan agar tidak terjadi proses fotosintesis yang dapat
menghasilkan oksigen sehingga pada suhu yang tetap selama 5 hari diharapkan hanya terjadi
proses dekomposisi oleh mikroorganisme pada penggunaan oksigen dan oksigen tersisa
dihitung sebagai DO5(Atima, 2015).
Setelah dilakukan pengujian Doi dan DO5 dengan 3 kali pengulangan, diperoleh hasil pengujian
sebagai berikut:

Pengulangan Pengujian Doi DO5

(mg/L) (mg/L)
Pengujian ke-1 89,6 54,9
Pengujian ke-2 89,8 55,2
Pengujian ke-3 89,5 54,8

3. Penentuan COD
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) atau kebutuhan oksigen kimia (KOK) adalah jumlah milligram
oksigen yang dibutuhkan untuk mengoksidasi zat organik dan zat anorganik dalam satu liter air
limbah pada kondisi tertentu dengan menggunakan oksidator kalium dikromat. Pengukuran
COD diperlukan untuk mengukur kebutuhan oksigern terhadap zat organik yang susah
dihancurkan secara oksidasi sehingga dibutuhkan bantuan pereaksi oksidator yang kuat dalam
suasana asam, dimana pengoksidasi K2Cr2O7 digunakan sebagai sumber oksigen.

Reaksi yang terjadi pada penentuan COD secara titrimetri adalah sebagai berikut:

CaHbOc + Cr2O7 2- + H+ CO2 + H2O + Cr3+

Sisa K2Cr2O7 tersebut ditentukan melalui titrasi dengan fero ammonium sulfat (FAS) dimana
reaksi yang berlangsung adalah sebagai berikut :

6 Fe2+ + Cr2O72- + 14 H+ 6 Fe3+ + 2Cr3+ + 7 H2O

Setelah dilakukan 3 kali pengulangan titrasi terhadap 20 mL sampel dengan 0,9998 N FAS,
diperoleh hasil pengujian sebagai berikut:

Pengulangan Pengujian Titrasi Blanko Titrasi Sampel

(mL) (mL)
Pengujian ke-1 7,7 7,5
Pengujian ke-2 7,8 7,6
Pengujian ke-3 7,7 7,5

4. Penentuan pH
Penentuan pH dilakukan dengan pH meter Hanna sebanyak 3 kali pengulangan dan
memberikan hasil sebagai berikut:

Pengulangan Pengujian Nilai pH

Pengujian ke-1 8,1
 Pengujian ke-2 7,9
Pengujian ke-3 8,2

D. PERHITUNGAN
1. Penentuan TSS
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2. Penentuan BOD
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3. Penentuan COD
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E. EVALUASI DATA HASIL ANALISA

1. Penentuan TSS
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2. Penentuan BOD
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3. Penentuan COD
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F. KESIMPULAN
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G. SERTIFIKAT HASIL ANALISA

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