Spesifikasi Alat

TANGKI PENYIMPANAN ASAM SULFAT
Fungsi Menampung asam sulfat yang akan diumpankan ke mixer

Bentuk Cylindrical Vertical Tank, Flat Bottom, Conical Roof
Jumlah 1 unit
Tekanan 1 atm
Densitas H2SO4 (30 C) 1.83 kg/l
Densitas air (30 C) 0.9957 kg/l
Massa H2SO4/jam 40.45739081 kg
Massa H2SO4/bulan 29129.321383 kg
Massa H2O/jam 0.8256610369 kg
Massa H2O/bulan 594.47594659 kg
Komponen Massa (kg) Densitas (kg/L) Volume (L)

H2SO4 29129.321383 1.83 15917.662
H2O 594.47594659 0.9957 597.043232
Total 29723.797329 16514.7052
Volume Bahan 583.2113098 ft3

Volume bahan 80% volume storage 729.01413725 ft3
Suatu storage akan didesain jika diketahui

a. ongkos pabrikasi bagian silinder sebesar 2x ongkos pabrikasi bagian dasar
b. Ongkos bagian atas sebesar 1.8x ongkos pabrikasi bagian dasar
c. Ongkos fondasi sebesar 0,4x ongkos pabrikasi bagian dasar
d. Tanah dianggap tidak membeli
Maka d :
D= 4H(C1/(C2+C3+C4+C5)) (Kusnarjo, Spek alat)
D= 4H(2C2/C2+1.8C2+0.4C2+0))
D= 4H(2/3.2)
D= 2.5 H
Volume Silinder = (1/4) π D H

D2 = 2321.701074
D= 48.184033393
H= D/2.5
H= 19.273613357
Standarisasi Brownel n Young Appendi E hal 346
Diameter Storage 50 ft
Tank Height 24 ft
Volume silinder 8390 bbl
Volume silinder 47106.354167 ft^3
Jumlah Coourses 3
Menghitung tebal dinding silinder

If C = 0
courses 1 +C
t1 = 0.16744
Courses 2
t2 = 0.1092
Courses 3
t3 = 0.05096
Menghitung tebal tutup storage

θ 30
sin θ = D/430t
t = 0.2325581395
Menentukan harga tank

Harga 2014 64700 $ Vert, Cone roff, Flatt bottom, Stainless Stell 316
Index Harga 2013-2020

Tahun Index Pertumbuhan
2013 567.3
2014 576.1 1.6%
2015 556.8 -3.4%
2016 541.7 -2.7%
2017 567.5 4.8%
2018 603.1 6.3%
2019 607.5 0.7%
2020 596.2 -1.9%
RATA RATA 0.8%
Index Harga pada tahun 2027

Index 2027 = P(1-i)^n
Index 2027 = 599.84149894
Ex = Ey Nx/Ny
Dimana :
Ex Harga Pembelian alat pada tahun 2027
Ey Harga pembelian alat pada tahun 2014 refetensi
Nx Index harga tahun 2025
Ny Index harga pada tahun referensi 2014
Ex = 67366.333937 $
MIXER

Bentuk Cylindrical Vertical Tank, Standar dished, conical bottom
Jumlah 1 unit
Tekanan 1 atm
Densitas H2SO4 (30 1.83 kg/l
Massa H2SO4/1 ja 6.742898 kg
Massa H2O/1 jam 128.1151 kg
Komponen Massa (kg)Densitas (kg/L) Volume (L)

H2SO4 6.742898 1.83 3.684644
H2O 128.1151 0.9957 128.6683
Total 134.858 1.0189265134 132.353

Volume bahan 80% volume st 5.8425021092 ft3 43.70495
Sudut max 120 tan 60 1.732051
Ls (tinggi shell) = 1.5 di
Menentukan Dimensi tangki

Volume tangki = Volume tutup atas + volume silinder + volume tutup bawah
5.8425021091696 = 0.0847 di^3 + 1/4πdi^3 x 1.5 + (πdi^3/24)tg1/2α
5.8425021091696 = 0.0847 di^3 + 1.1775 di^3 + 0.151078
5.8425021091696 = 1.4132777521 di^3
di^3 = 4.1340084073 ft^3
di^3 = 1.6049337819 ft
di^3 = 19.259205382 in
Menentukan tinggi shell
Ls = 1.5 di
Ls = 28.888808073 inch
Menentukan Tinggi Liquid dalam shell

Lls = Vliquid
(3.14/4)*di^2
= 4.6740016873
(3.14/4)*
= 2.3115589376 ft
= 27.738707251 in
Menentukan tekanan design (Pi)
ρcampuran = 1.0189265134 kg/l 63.58 lb/ft^3
Tekanan hidrostati = ρ(H-1)
144
= 63.58(4.2-1)
144
= 0.5790897031 psi
Tekanan design = 14.7 + 1.413
= 15.279089703 psi
Menentukan tebal masing masing bagiam

Bahan Stainless Steel type 316 AISI
Allowable stress 15000 psi (brownel table 13.1 hal 263)
Faktor korosi 0.06 in
Pdesain 15.27909
di 19.25921 in
Menentukan tebal silinder

ts = Pi.di + 0.0625
2(fE - 0.6Pi)
= 0.0122617123 in in
Standariasi
do = di + 2ts
= 19.259205382 + 0.375
= 19.634205382 in 20 in
Standarisasi Brownel hal 90
do = 20 in
di baru = do-2ts
= 19.625 in
Menentukan tebal tutup atas berbentuk dished

tha = 0.885Pidi + 1/16
fE - 0.1Pi
= 0.084616911 in in
Menentukan tebal tutup bawah bentuk conical

thb = Pidi + 1/16
2(fE-0.6Pi)cos1/2α
= 0.087506782 = in
Menentukan tinggi tangki

tinggi tutup atas
ha = 0.169 di
= 3.316625 in
tinggi tutup bawah
hb = (1/2di)/(tg1/2α)
= 5.6652495164 in
Tinggi tangki
Tinggi tangki = ha + Ls + hb
= 37.87068259 in
0.9619153378 m
Menentukan sistem pengaduk

Digunakan pengaduk jenis axial turbin dengan 4 buah blade pada 45o angle
Digunakan High alloy steel SA 240 Grade M type 316 sebagai konstruksi impellar
Digunakan Hot Roller SAE 1020 sebagai bahan konstruksi pengaduk
Berdasarkan data Brownel n Young hal.507

Dt/Di = 2.4 sampai 3
Zl/Di = 2.7 sampai 3.9
Zi/Di = 0.75 sampai 1.3
W/Di = 0.17
J/Dt = 1/10
Dimana
Dt = Diameter dalam silinder
Di = Diameter impeller
Zi = Tinggi impeller dari dasar tangki
Zl = Tinggi liquid dalam silinder
W = Lebar daun impeller
J = tebal blade
Menentukan diameter impeller
Dt/Di = 2.5
Di = Dt/3
Di = 6.5416666667 in 0.545139 ft
Menentukan tinggi impeller dari dasar tangki

Zi/Di = 1.3
Zi = 1.3 Di
Zi = 8.5041666667 in
Menentukan panjang impeller

W/Di = 0.17
W = 0.17 Di
W = 1.1120833 in
Mennetukan tebal blade

J/Dt = 1/10
J = Dt/10
= 1.9625 in
Menghitung viskositas larutan
Viskositas H2SO4 = 26.7 cp
Viskositas H2O = 0.8007 cp
Viskositas campura= Fraksi berat x viskositas

= 14.110665 cp = 0.0095 lb/fts
Menghitung bilangan reynold
Nre = nDi^2ρ
µ
Dimana n= Putaran pengaduk, ditetapkan 120 rpm = 2 rps

Di= Diameter impeller
ρ= Densitas
µ= viscositas =
Nre = 9179.6489871 >2100 aliran turbulen
Menghitung poros pengaduk

Berdasarkan G.G Brown fig 4.77 hal 507 diperoleh
ɸ (power number) = 0.9
P = ɸ ρ n^3 Dt^5
= 0.3531922641 J/s 0.000353 kw
0.000474 Hp
Menentukan harga mixer

Harga mixer 2014 141600 $ SA 283 Carbon steel Grade C

2013 567.3
2014 576.1 1.6%
2015 556.8 -3.4%
2016 541.7 -2.7%
2017 567.5 4.8%
2018 603.1 6.3%
2019 607.5 0.7%
2020 596.2 -1.9%
RATA RATA 0.8%

Index 2027 = P(1-i)^n
Index 2027 = 599.84149894
Ex = Ey Nx/Ny
Dimana :
Ex = 147435.43872 $
volume tutup bawah
(πdi^3/24)tg1/2α
di^3
TANGKI PENYIMPANAN SODIUM SILIKAT
Fungsi Menampung sodium silikat yang akan diumpankan ke reaktor

Jumlah 1 unit
Tekanan 1 atm
Densitas Na2O3.3SiO2 ( 2.4 kg/l
Massa Na2O3.3SiO2/ja 39.648242993 kg
Massa Na2O3.3SiO2/mi 6660.9048229 kg
Massa H2O/minggu 129275.9283 kg

Na2O3.3SiO2 6660.9048229 2.4 2775.37701
H2O 129275.9283 0.9957 129834.215
Total 135936.83312 132609.592


Maka d :
D= 4H(2C2/C2+1.8C2+0.4C2+0))
D= 4H(2/3.2)
D= 2.5 H

D2 = 18642.768952
D= 136.53852552
H= D/2.5
H= 54.61541021

Tank Height 56 ft
Jumlah Coourses 7

If C = 0
courses 1 Courses 4
t1 = 1.12112 t4 = 0.631904
Courses 2 Courses 5
t2 = 0.958048 t5 = 0.468832
Courses 3 Courses 6
t3 = 0.794976 t6 = 0.30576

θ 30
sin θ = D/430t
t = 0.6511627907


2013 567.3
2014 576.1 1.6%
2015 556.8 -3.4%
2016 541.7 -2.7%
2017 567.5 4.8%
2018 603.1 6.3%
2019 607.5 0.7%
2020 596.2 -1.9%
RATA RATA 0.8%

Index 2027 = P(1-i)^n
Index 2027 = 599.84149894
Ex = Ey Nx/Ny
Dimana :
Ex = 445846.43264 $
Courses 7
t7 = 0.142688
REAKTOR

Jumlah 1 unit
Tekanan 1 atm
Densitas H2SO4 (30 1.83 kg/l
Massa H2SO4/1 ja 14.83438 kg
Massa Na2O3,3SiO 1288.03
Massa Na2O3,3SiO 472.2777
SiO2 1625
SiO2/22 menit 595.8333
Na2SO4 1165.4
Na2SO4/22 menit 427.3133

H2SO4 14.83438 1.83 8.106217
Na2O3,3SiO2 472.2777 2.4 196.7824
SiO2 595.8333 2.65 224.8428
Na2SO4 427.3133 2.66 160.6441
H2O 128.1151 0.9957 128.6683
Total 1638.374 2.278545174 719.0438
Volume Bahan 25.392792162 ft3 189.9513

Volume bahan 80% volume st 31.740990203 ft3 237.4391
Sudut max 120 tan 60 1.732051

31.740990202747 = 0.0847 di^3 + 1/4πdi^3 x 1.5 + (πdi^3/24)tg1/2α
31.740990202747 = 0.0847 di^3 + 1.1775 di^3 + 0.151078
31.740990202747 = 1.4132777521 di^3
di^3 = 22.45913102 ft^3
di^3 = 2.8213977537 ft
di^3 = 33.856773044 in
Ls = 1.5 di
Ls = 50.785159566 inch
Lls = Vliquid
(3.14/4)*di^2
= 25.392792162
(3.14/4)*
= 4.0636113887 ft
= 48.763336664 in

144
= 141.71(4.2-1)
144
= 3.0148914576 psi
= 17.714891458 psi

Pdesain 17.71489
di 33.85677 in

ts = Pi.di + 0.0625
2(fE - 0.6Pi)
= 0.0249921571 in in
Standariasi
do = di + 2ts
= 33.856773044 + 0.375
= 34.231773044 in 36 in
do = 36 in
di baru = do-2ts
= 35.625 in

tha = 0.885Pidi + 1/16
fE - 0.1Pi
= 0.1090499813 in in

thb = Pidi + 1/16
2(fE-0.6Pi)cos1/2α
= 0.1151377076 = in

tinggi tutup atas
ha = 0.169 di
= 6.020625 in
tinggi tutup bawah
hb = (1/2di)/(tg1/2α)
= 10.28405167 in
Tinggi tangki
= 67.089836236 in
1.7040818404 m


W/Di = 0.17
J/Dt = 1/10
Dimana
J = tebal blade
Dt/Di = 2.5
Di = Dt/3
Di = 11.875 in 0.989583 ft

Zi/Di = 1.3
Zi = 1.3 Di
Zi = 15.4375 in

W/Di = 0.17
W = 0.17 Di
W = 2.0187500 in

J/Dt = 1/10
J = Dt/10
= 3.6 in

Viskositas H2SO4 = 26.7 cp
Viskositas H2O = 0.8007 cp
Viskositas campura= Fraksi berat x viskositas

= 14.110665 cp = 0.0095 lb/fts
Nre = nDi^2ρ
µ

ρ= Densitas
µ= viscositas =
Nre = 0 >2100 aliran turbulen

P = ɸ ρ n^3 Dt^5
= 15.568687482 J/s 0.015569 kw
0.020878 Hp


2013 567.3
2014 576.1 1.6%
2015 556.8 -3.4%
2016 541.7 -2.7%
2017 567.5 4.8%
2018 603.1 6.3%
2019 607.5 0.7%
2020 596.2 -1.9%
RATA RATA 0.8%

Index 2027 = P(1-i)^n
Index 2027 = 599.84149894
Ex = Ey Nx/Ny
Dimana :
Ex = 68928.150025 $
volume tutup bawah
(πdi^3/24)tg1/2α
di^3
TANGKI PENYIMPANAN ASAM SULFAT

Jumlah 1 unit
Tekanan 1 atm
Densitas SiO2 (30 C 2.56 kg/l
Massa SiO2/jam 162.5 kg
Massa SiO2/1 jam 27.08333 kg

SiO2 27.08333 2.56 10.57943
H2O 105.0167 0.9957 105.4702
Total 132.1 1.1383062267 116.0496
70.81 lb/ft^3
Volume bahan 80% volume st 5.1228168708 ft3 38.32133 gall
Sudut max 120 tan 60 1.732051

5.1228168708428 = 0.0847 di^3 + 1/4πdi^3 x 1.5 + (πdi^3/24)tg1/2α
5.1228168708428 = 0.0847 di^3 + 1.1775 di^3 + 0.151078
5.1228168708428 = 1.4132777521 di^3
di^3 = 3.6247771276 ft^3
di^3 = 1.5361269301 ft
di^3 = 18.433523162 in
Ls = 1.5 di
Ls = 27.650284743 inch

Lls = Vliquid
(3.14)*di^2
= 4.0982534967
(3.14)*
= 0.5531143987 ft
= 6.6373727841 in
144
= 70,81(4.2-1)
144
= 1.5735555556 psi
= 16.273555556 psi

Pdesain 16.27356
di 18.43352 in

ts = Pi.di + 0.0625
2(fE - 0.6Pi)
= 0.0124999385 in in
Standariasi
do = di + 2ts
= 18.433523162 + 0.375
= 18.808523162 in 20 in
do = 20 in
di baru = do-2ts
= 19.625 in

tha = 0.885Pidi + 1/16
fE - 0.1Pi
= 0.0860566235 in in

thb = Pidi + 1/16
2(fE-0.6Pi)cos1/2α
= 0.0891357169 in in

tinggi tutup atas
ha = 0.169 di
= 3.316625 in
tinggi tutup bawah
hb = (1/2di)/(tg1/2α)
= 5.6652495164 in
Tinggi tangki
= 36.632159259 in
0.9304568452 m


W/Di = 0.17
J/Dt = 1/10
Dimana
J = tebal blade
Dt/Di = 2.5
Di = Dt/3
Di = 6.6666666667 in 0.555556 ft

Zi/Di = 1.3
Zi = 1.3 Di
Zi = 8.6666666667 in

W/Di = 0.17
W = 0.17 Di
W = 1.1333333 in

J/Dt = 1/10
J = Dt/10
= 2 in
Viskositas H2SO4 = 26.7 cp ɸs = massa padatan
Viskositas H2O = 0.8007 cp massa pelarut
= 0.257896
µ = (1+ 0,5ɸs) x µ1 2.980462
(1- ɸs) 4
Viskositas campura= 2.9804620286 cp = 0.0019 lb/fts
Nre = nDi^2ρ
µ

ρ= Densitas
µ= viscositas =
Nre = 23005.198181 >2100 aliran turbulen

P = ɸ ρ n^3 Dt^5
= 26.981405274 J/s 0.026981 kw
0.036182 Hp


2013 567.3
2014 576.1 1.6%
2015 556.8 -3.4%
2016 541.7 -2.7%
2017 567.5 4.8%
2018 603.1 6.3%
2019 607.5 0.7%
2020 596.2 -1.9%
RATA RATA 0.8%

Index 2027 = P(1-i)^n
Index 2027 = 599.84149894
Ex = Ey Nx/Ny
Dimana :
Ex = 140771.69008 $
volume tutup bawah
(πdi^3/24)tg1/2α
di^3
HOPPER
Fungsi Menampung produk Silikon dioksida sebelum masuk kedalam silo

Bentuk Cylindrical Vertical Tank, Conical Bottom, hemispherical Roof
Jumlah 1 unit
Tekanan 1 atm
Densitas SiO2 (30 C) 2.65 kg/l
Massa SiO2/jam 1625 kg
Massa SiO2/2 jam 3250 kg
Komponen Massa (kg)Densitas (kVolume (L)

SiO2 3250 2.65 1226.415
H2O 2.954545 0.9957 2.967305
Total 3252.955 1229.382

Volume bahan 80% volume storag 54.26904 ft3 405.9606 gall
Sudut max 120 oC

Tinggi silinder 1.5 diameter bejana
Menentukan dimensi tangki
54.2690371264897 ft^3 = πd^3 + π d^2 x 1.5 d + 0.0847

24tg60 4
54.2690371264897 ft^3 = 3.14 d^3 + 3.14 d^2 x 1.5 d + 0.0847
24 x 0.866 4
54.2690371264897 ft^3 = 0.151078 + 1.1775 d^3 + 0.0847
54.2690371264897 ft^3 = 1.413278 d^3

38.3994137353381 ft^3 = d^3
d = 3.373713 ft = 40.48456

di 3.373713 ft 40.48456 in
Ls 1.5 di
Ls 5.06057 ft 60.72684
Menentukan tebal masing masing bagian

Bahan SA 283 Carbon steel Grade C
di 40.48456 in
Pi 1 atm 14.7 psi

ts = Pi.di + 0.0625
2(fE - 0.6Pi)
= 0.091916 = 3/16 in
Standariasi
do = di + 2ts
= 40.48456 + 0.375
= 40.85956 in
do = 42 in
di baru = do-2ts
= 41.625 in

tha = 0.885Pidi + 1/16
fE - 0.1Pi
= 0.116018 in 1/4 in

thb = Pidi + 1/16
2(fE-0.6Pi)cos1/2α
= 0.092738 = 3/16 in

tinggi tutup atas
ha = 0.169 di
= 7.034625 in
tinggi tutup bawah
hb = (1/2di)/(tg1/2α)
= 12.0161 in
Tinggi tangki
= 79.77757 in

Harga 2014 2700 $ SA 283 Carbon steel Grade C

2013 567.3
2014 576.1 1.6%
2015 556.8 -3.4%
2016 541.7 -2.7%
2017 567.5 4.8%
2018 603.1 6.3%
2019 607.5 0.7%
2020 596.2 -1.9%
RATA RATA 0.8%

Index 2027 = P(1-i)^n
Index 2027 = 599.8415
Ex = Ey Nx/Ny
Dimana :
Ex = 2811.269 $
d^3
d^3
d^3
inch
Cyclone 1

Jumlah 1 unit
Tekanan 1 atm
Massa SiO2/2 jam 325 kg

SiO2 325 2.65 122.6415
H2O 241.22 0.9957 242.2617
Total 566.22 364.9032

Sudut max 120 oC

16.1080451555452 ft^3 = πd^3 + π d^2 x 1.5 d + 0.0847

24tg60 4
16.1080451555452 ft^3 = 3.14 d^3 + 3.14 d^2 x 1.5 d + 0.0847
24 x 0.866 4
16.1080451555452 ft^3 = 0.151078 + 1.1775 d^3 + 0.0847
16.1080451555452 ft^3 = 1.413278 d^3

11.3976499887699 ft^3 = d^3
d = 2.250462 ft = 27.00555

di 2.250462 ft 27.00555 in
Ls 1.5 di
Ls 3.375694 ft 40.50832

di 27.00555 in
Pi 1 atm 14.7 psi

ts = Pi.di + 0.0625
2(fE - 0.6Pi)
= 0.082122 = 3/16 in
Standariasi
do = di + 2ts
= 27.00555 + 0.375
= 27.38055 in
do = 28 in
di baru = do-2ts
= 27.625 in

tha = 0.885Pidi + 1/16
fE - 0.1Pi
= 0.098018 in

thb = Pidi + 1/16
2(fE-0.6Pi)cos1/2α
= 0.082568 =

tinggi tutup atas
ha = 0.169 di
= 4.668625 in
tinggi tutup bawah
hb = (1/2di)/(tg1/2α)
= 7.974651 in
Tinggi tangki
= 53.1516 in


2013 567.3
2014 576.1 1.6%
2015 556.8 -3.4%
2016 541.7 -2.7%
2017 567.5 4.8%
2018 603.1 6.3%
2019 607.5 0.7%
2020 596.2 -1.9%
RATA RATA 0.8%

Index 2027 = P(1-i)^n
Index 2027 = 599.8415
Ex = Ey Nx/Ny
Dimana :
Ex = 4685.448 $
d^3
d^3
d^3
inch
Cyclone 2

Jumlah 1 unit
Tekanan 1 atm
Massa SiO2/2 jam 120.61 kg

SiO2 120.61 2.65 45.51321
H2O 217.1 0.9957 218.0376
Total 337.71 263.5508

Sudut max 120 oC

11.6340094670066 ft^3 = πd^3 + π d^2 x 1.5 d + 0.0847

24tg60 4
11.6340094670066 ft^3 = 3.14 d^3 + 3.14 d^2 x 1.5 d + 0.0847
24 x 0.866 4
11.6340094670066 ft^3 = 0.151078 + 1.1775 d^3 + 0.0847
11.6340094670066 ft^3 = 1.413278 d^3

8.23193420371864 ft^3 = d^3
d = 2.019144 ft = 24.22973

di 2.019144 ft 24.22973 in
Ls 1.5 di
Ls 3.028716 ft 36.34459

di 24.22973 in
Pi 1 atm 14.7 psi

ts = Pi.di + 0.0625
2(fE - 0.6Pi)
= 0.080105 = 3/16 in
Standariasi
do = di + 2ts
= 24.22973 + 0.375
= 24.60473 in
do = 26 in
di baru = do-2ts
= 25.625 in

tha = 0.885Pidi + 1/16
fE - 0.1Pi
= 0.095446 in

thb = Pidi + 1/16
2(fE-0.6Pi)cos1/2α
= 0.081115 =

tinggi tutup atas
ha = 0.169 di
= 4.330625 in
tinggi tutup bawah
hb = (1/2di)/(tg1/2α)
= 7.3973 in
Tinggi tangki
= 48.07252 in


2013 567.3
2014 576.1 1.6%
2015 556.8 -3.4%
2016 541.7 -2.7%
2017 567.5 4.8%
2018 603.1 6.3%
2019 607.5 0.7%
2020 596.2 -1.9%
RATA RATA 0.8%

Index 2027 = P(1-i)^n
Index 2027 = 599.8415
Ex = Ey Nx/Ny
Dimana :
Ex = 4164.843 $
d^3
d^3
d^3
inch
TANGKI PENYIMPANAN SILIKON DIOKSIDA (SILO)
Fungsi Menampung silikon dioksida sebelum diproses untuk distribusi

Jumlah 1 unit
Tekanan 1 atm
Massa SiO2/jam 1625 kg
Massa SiO2/bulan 1186250 kg
Massa H2O/bulan 1078.4090909 kg

SiO2 1186250 2.65 447641.509
H2O 1078.4090909 0.9957 1083.06628
Total 1187328.4091 448724.576
Volume Bahan 15846.558841 ft3 118540.5


Maka d :
D= 4H(2C2/C2+1.8C2+0.4C2+0))
D= 4H(2/3.2)
D= 2.5 H

D2 = 63083.434876
D= 39.808130052
H= D/2.5
H= 15.923252021
Tank Height 16 ft
Jumlah Coourses 2

If C = 0
courses 1
t1 = 0.08736
Courses 2
t2 = 0.040768

θ 30
sin θ = D/430t
t = 0.1860465116


2013 567.3
2014 576.1 1.6%
2015 556.8 -3.4%
2016 541.7 -2.7%
2017 567.5 4.8%
2018 603.1 6.3%
2019 607.5 0.7%
2020 596.2 -1.9%
RATA RATA 0.8%

Index 2027 = P(1-i)^n
Index 2027 = 599.84149894
Ex = Ey Nx/Ny
Dimana :
Ex = 209699.84011 $
BALL MILL
Fungsi Untuk memperkecil ukuran batubara hingga 200 mesh

Type Marcy ball mill
Jumlah 1 unit
Tekanan 1 atm
Massa SiO 1623 kg/jam 38952 kg/hari 38.952 ton/hari
MassaH2O 13.4 kg/jam 321.6 kg/hari 0.3216 ton/hari
39.2736 ton/hari
Berdasarkan table 20-16 (Perry) didapatkan
Diameter 6x4.5 ft
No. Sieve 200
Rate max 66 ton/hari
Berat bola 8.9 ton
Daya 85 - 95 hp
Mill speed 24 rpm
Mercy ball mill menggunakan 3 bola baja yakni 5 in, 3.5 in, dan 2.5 in
Maka jumlah bola baja adalah 8.9/3 = 2.966667 ton
Perhitungan jumlah bola baja 5 in

Diameter bola baja = 5 in
Jari -jari = 2.5 in
Volume bola baja = (4/3)πr^3
= 65.41667 in^3 1.071987 lt
ρ bola baja = 4.8 kg/lt (Perry 20-33)
Berat 1 buah bola = 5.145538 kg 0.005146 ton
Berat total bola baja = 2.966667 ton
Jumlah bola baja = 576.5513 = 577 buah
Perhitungan jumlah bola baja 3.5 in

Diameter bola baja = 3.5 in
Jari -jari = 1.75 in
= 22.43792 in^3 0.367692 lt
Berat total bola baja = 2.966667 ton
Perhitungan jumlah bola baja 2.5 in

Diameter bola baja = 2.5 in
Jari -jari = 1.25 in
= 8.177083 in^3 0.133998 lt
Berat total bola baja = 2.966667 ton 6871
Menentukan hargaball mill


2013 567.3
2014 576.1 1.6%
2015 556.8 -3.4%
2016 541.7 -2.7%
2017 567.5 4.8%
2018 603.1 6.3%
2019 607.5 0.7%
2020 596.2 -1.9%
RATA RATA 0.8%

Index 2027= P(1-i)^n
Index 2027= 599.8415
Ex = Ey Nx/Ny
Dimana :
Ex = 312155 $
ROTARY DRYER (B-1160)
Fungsi : Mengeringkan feed silikon dioksida hasil dari filtrasi
Tipe : Counter-current direct contact rotary dryer
Dasar pemilihan : Pemanasan dilakukan secara merata
Udara panas
Feed in Feed out
udara panas out
T udara in = 393 K
T udara out = 354 K
Feed udara panas = 3976.21 kg/jam
T bahan feed = 323 K
T bahan out = 363 K
Feed bahan = 48860.266 kg/jam
Log Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD)

∆TLMTD = ∆t1 - ∆t2
ln ∆t2
∆t1
∆t1 = 393 - 363 = 30 K
∆t2 = 354 - 323 = 31 K
∆TLMTD = 31 - 30 = 1
ln 31 0.0327898
30
= 30.497268 K
Menghitung Area Drum (A)

A = m
G
Keterangan
A = Area yang dilewati padatan (m2)
m = Laju udara (kg/s)
G = Kecepatan udara (kg/s.m2)
Diketahui
Laju udara = 3976.21 kg/jam
Kecepatan udara= 3 kg/s.m2
A = 3976.21
3x 3600
= 0.3681676 m 2
3.962923
Jika, A = π D 2
4
maka nilai dari D adalah,

0.36816759259 = 3.1428571 D 2
4
D 2 = 0.4685769 m2
D = 0.6845268 m
Perhitungan Koefisien Volumetrik Perpindahan Panas Total (U va)

U va = 240 x G 0.67 (Ulrich, 1984; Tabel 4-10, hal 132)
D
Keterangan
U va = Koefisien volumetrik perpindahan panas total (J/s.m 3.K)
D = Diameter dryer (m)
G = Kecepatan gas (kg/s.m2)
Asumsi nilai G = 3 kg/s.m2 (nilai G adalah 0,5-5 kg/s.m2 berdasarkan Ulrich, 1984; Tabel 4-10)
U va = 240 x 3 0.67
0.6845268
= 731.96789 J/s.m3.K
Perhitungan Panjang Rotary Drum (L)

Q = Uva V dryer ∆TLMTD (Perry 8th ed, hal 12-75, eq 12-100)
V = π D 2 L (Volume silinder)
4
Keterangan :
Q = Laju perpindahan panas total (J/s)
V dryer = Volume dryer (m3)
∆TLMTD = Log mean temperature difference (K)
U va = Koefisien volumetrik perpindahan panas total (J/s.m 3.K)
D = Diameter dryer (m)
L = Panjang dryer (m)
V = 3.1428571 0.6845268 2 L
4
= 0.3681676 L
melalui neraca panas, diketahui nilai Q adalah sebesar 85409.0 kJ/jam

maka, nilai L dapat diketahui dengan persamaan berikut
Q = 731.96789 x 0.3681676 L x 30.5
23724.7208267 = 8218.6127 L
L = 2.8867063 m
L = 9.4708211 ft
L/D = 2.8867063 ≈ 4.2170829 (memenuhi range)
0.6845268
Berasarkan Ulrich (1984) pada tabel 4-10, nilai dari L/D dyer berkisar antara 4-6
Perhitungan Putaran Rotary Dryer (N)

N = V
π x D
Keterangan
N = Kecepatan putaran rotary dryer (rpm)
V = Kecepatan peripheral (ft/min)
D = Diameter dryer (ft)
Nilai V sesuai Perry 7th ed, hal 12-56 adalah berkisar dari 0,25 - 0,5 m/s
Asumsi V = 0.3 m/s
= 59.055118 ft/menit
D = 0.6845268 m
= 2.2458228 ft
N = 59.055118
3.1428571 x 2.2458228
= 8.3667619 rpm
Perhitungan Flight Dryer

Jenis flight (1 circle) = 45 ° lip flight (Perry 7th ed, hal 12-53/1194)
Panjang flight = 0,6-2 m (Perry 7th ed, hal 12-54/1195)
Jumlah flight 1 circle = (2,4~3) D (Perry 7th ed, hal 12-54/1195)
Range tinggi flight = 1 ~ 1 (Perry 7th ed, hal 12-56/1197)
12 18
Asumsi Tinggi = 1 D
8
= 0.125 x 0.6845268
= 0.0855658 m
Jumlah flight = 3 D
= 3 x 0.6845268
= 2.0535804 m
Panjang flight = 2 m
Total circle = Panjang drum
Panjang flight
= 2.8867063
2
= 1.4433531 ≈ digunaan 3 circle
Total flight = Total circle x Jumlah flight
= 2.9640417 Buah 10 buah
Perhitungan Waktu Tinggal (θ)

θ = 0.233 L ± 0.6 BLG (Perry 7th ed, hal 12-55)
S.N .D
0,9
F
B = 5(Dp)-0,5 (Perry 7th ed, hal 12-55)

Counter current tanda ± bernilai positif (+)
Keterangan =
θ = Waktu tinggal (min)
L = Panjang dryer (ft)
S = Slope (ft/ft)
N = Kecepatan (r/min)
D = Diameter dryer (ft)
B = Konstanta material
F = Laju feed (lb/jam.ft2)
Dp = Diameter partikel rata-rata (µm)
G = Kecepatan gas (kg/s.m2)
Dp sio2 = 350 µm
B = 5 x 350 -0.5
= 0.2672612
F = Mass flow
A dryer
= 48860.266 kg/jam
0.3681676 m2
= 132712.0 kg/jam.m2
= 27181.565 lb/jam.ft2
Slopes (S) = 0 ~ 8 cm/m (Perry 7th ed, hal 12-56)
= 1 cm/m
= 0.0328084 ft
G = 3 kg/s.m2
= 2212.0144 lb/jam.ft2
N = 8.3667619 rpm
θ = 0.233 x 9.4708211 + 0.6 0.2672612

0.0328084 8.3667619 0.9 2.2458228
= 4.4267129 + 0.1235914
= 4.5503043 menit
= 8 menit
Perhitungan Sudut Rotary Dryer (α)

Slopes (S) = 1 cm/m (Perry 7th ed, hal 12-56)
Panjang dryer = 2.89 m
Slope aktual = 1 x 2.8867063
= 2.89 cm
= 0.0289 m
tg α = 0.029
α = 3.00 °
tg (3) = 0.0524
Perhitungan Tebal Shell Dryer

Bahan konstruksi = SA-53 Grade B (Brownell & Young, 1059; Hal 335)
f allowance = 9000 lb/in2
Efficiency = 80% (lap welded joint)
c = 0.25 in
H/D = 0.3 (Perry 8th ed, Tabel 10-59, hal 10-145)
H = 0.3 x 2.2458228
= 0.6737 ft
PB = r.ρB. (g/gc) (1-e-2.µ`.k`Zt/r)

2.µ`.k`
Keterangan :
PB = Tekanan vertikal pada dasar (psi)
r = Jar-jari dryer (ft)
ρB = Bulk density bahan (lb/ft3)
Zt = Tinggi bahan dalam dryer (ft)
= Asumsi adalah 15% dari tinggi dryer (Perry 7th ed, hal 12-55)
µ` = Koefisien gesek (range: 0,35-0,55) (Mc Cabe, hal 299)
k` = Rasio tekanan normal (range: 0,35-0,6) (Mc Cabe, eq. 26-17)
Data :
k` = 1 - sinα
1 + sinα
= 1 - 0.052336
1 + 0.052336
= 0.9005337 (Sesuai dengan range dari Mc cabe, eq. 26-17)
µ` = 0.4
ρ silicon dioksida = 2650 kg/m3
= 165.43409 lb/ft3
r = 2.2458228
2
= 1.1229114 ft
ZT = 15% x 2.2458228
= 0.3368734 ft
PB = 1.1229114 165.43409 0.9945919 x (1-e-2.µ`.k`Zt/r)

2 0.4 0.9005337
= 256.46343 x 0.1943679
= 49.848261 lb/ft2
= 0.3461685 psi
Tekanan Lateral
PL = k' PB
= 0.9005337 x 0.3461685
= 0.3117364 psi
P operasi = PB + PL
= 0.3461685 + 0.3117364
= 0.6579049 Psi
Safety factor = 1.1
P operasi safety = 1.1 x 0.6579049
= 0.7237 Psi
= 104.21 lb/ft2
t shell = PxD + c (Brownell & Young, 1059; Hal 45, eq. 3.16)
2xfxE
Keterangan :
P operasi = Tekanan inside (lb/in2)
D = Diameter dryer (in)
f = allowable working stress (lb/in2)
E = Efficientcy joint (%)
c = corrosion allowance (in)
Diketahui :
P operasi = 104.21 lb/in2
D = 26.95 in
t shell = 104 x 26.949873 +

2 x 9000 x 80%
= 0.445035 in
= 0.0113039 m
Perhitungan Isolasi Dryer

Tebal batu isolasi = 6 in (Perry 7th ed, hal 12-53)
Diameter dalam = 2.2458228 ft
Diameter luar = 2.2458228 + 2 x 0.445035
12
= 2.3199953 ft
Diameter isolasi = 2.3199953 + 2 x 6
12
= 3.3199953 ft
= 1.0119346 m
Perhitungan Powe Dryer (Hp)

hp = 0.5 D 2 ~ 1 D
D = 2.2458228 ft
Asumsi hp = 0.75 D 2
= 0.75 2.2458228 2
= 3.7827901 hp
Spesifikasi rotary dryer :

Nama : Rotary dryer B-1160
Fungsi : Mengeringkan silikon dioksida hasil dari filtrasi
Type : Counter-current direct contact rotary dryer
Bahan pipa : Carbon steel SA-53 Grade B
Kapasitas : 48860.266 kg/jam
Ukuran
Panjang : 2.8867063 m
Diameter shell : 0.6845268 m
Diameter total : 1.0119346 m
Tebal shell : 0.445035 in
Tebal batu isolasi : 6 in
Sudut rotary : 3.00 °
Kecepatan putaran : 8.3667619 rpm
Waktu tinggal : 8 menit
Jumlah flight : 2.9640417 Buah
Power : 3.7827901 hp

2013 567.3
2014 576.1 1.6%
2015 556.8 -3.4%
2016 541.7 -2.7%
2017 567.5 4.8%
2018 603.1 6.3%
2019 607.5 0.7%
2020 596.2 -1.9%
RATA RATA 0.8%

Index 2027 = P(1-i)^n
Index 2027 = 599.8415
Ex = Ey Nx/Ny
Dimana :
Ex = 27383.842 $
10, hal 132)
rich, 1984; Tabel 4-10)
5, eq 12-100)
(Perry 7th ed, hal 12-55)
(Perry 7th ed, hal 12-55)

ed, hal 12-56)
9.4708211 2212.0144
27181.565
ed, hal 12-56)
59; Hal 335)

0.9005337
be, eq. 26-17)
59; Hal 45, eq. 3.16)

0.25
2
HEAT EXCHANGER (E-212)
Fungsi = Untuk memanaskan asam sulfat dari 40°C ke suhu 90°C menuju reaktor
Tipe = Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
Massa H2SO4= 40.45739081 kg/jam 89.19328 lb/jam 1783.866
Massa H2O = 768.69042538 kg/jam 1694.672 lb/jam
Fluida Panas =
T1 (Tin) = 150 oC 302 F
T2 (Tout) = 101 oC 213.8 F
Fluida Dingin =
t1 (Tin) = 40 oC 104 F
t2 (Tout) = 90 oC 194 F
Q Steam = 163447.85887 kJ/jam 154918.7 Btu/jam
W steam = 1791.0121802 kg/jam 3948.506 lb/jam
µ steam 0.013 cp 0.03146 lb/ft jam
µ bahan = 2.8 cp 6.776 lb/ft jam (Fig 14 Kern
Steam in
Aliran 3 Aliran 3
Steam out
Mencari LMTD (log mean temperature difference)

∆TLMTD = (∆T1-∆T2)/ln(∆T1/∆T2)
Dimana = ∆T1 = ∆panas = T1 -t2 ∆T1 = 108
∆T2 = ∆Tdingin = T2 - t1 ∆T2 = 109.8
∆TLMTD = 109.8 - 108 / ln 109.8 -
= 108.90 F
Menghitung temperature calorik (Tc)

Fluida panas
Tc = (T2 + T1)/2 µsteam =
= 213.8 + 302 / 2 =
= 257.9 F
Fluida dingin
tc = (t2 + t1)/2 µH2SO4 =
= 194 + 104 / 2
= 149 F
Kesimpulan sementara
Tube OD = 0.75 in = 0.06 ft (Diameter luar Tube)
Ptich = 0.94 in square (Jarak antara sumbu Tube)
Shell ID = 12 in = 1.00 ft (Diameter dalam shell
Tube Passes = 4 Jumlah passes pada tube
BWG = 10
Baffle space = 12 in = 1.00 ft
Panjang = 10 in = 0.83 ft
C" = 0.19 in = 0.02 ft (Jarak antra diameter luar tube)
Berdasarkan Kern hal 841 tabel 9 didapatkan
Nt = 86 (jumlah tube)
a't = 0.182 in^2 (luas permukaan panjang)
a'surface = 0.1963 ft (luas penampang aliran)
De = 0.55 in = 0.05 ft (Diameter ekivalen)
Di = 0.482 in = 0.04 ft (Diameter dalam tube)
Evaluasi perpindahan panas

Hot Fluid = Shell (Steam)
Menghitung Nre
as = (IDs x B x C") / ( Pt x 144) T (F) Cp (Btu/lb F)
= 0.095 in^2 0.007917 ft^2 216 0.452
Gs = m/as 261 0.454
= 498758.64865 lb/hr.ft^2 Selisih 45 0.002
NRe = de x Gs x µ
= 726,629.73
Menghitung koefisien film perpindahan panas
JH = 520 (Fig 28 Kern)
k = 0.012 Btu/jam ft (kern tabel 5 hal 802)
Cp steam = 0.4530222222 Btu/lb F
ho = Jh (k/De)(c µ/k)^1/3 x Øs
(cµ/k)^1/3 = 1.0584004184
ho/Øs = 144.09640605 Btu/hr ft^2 F
Tube
Menghitung Nre
at = Nt x at' / 144 n
= 0.0271736111 in^2 = 0.00226447 ft^2
Gt = m/at
= 787763.79306 lb/hr ft^2
Nre = Id x Gt / µ
= 174,335.24
k = 0.34 (tabel 4 Kern)
Cp = 0.9 kj/kgK
Cp = 0.21496131 Btu/lb F
hi = Jh (k/De)(c µ/k)^1/3 x Øs
(cµ/k)^1/3 = 1.1113477006
hi/Øt = 3215.2299296
Koefisien koreksi perpindahan panas

hio/Øt = hi/Øt x Di/OD
= 3215.2299296 x 0.642667
= 2066.3211014
Perhitungan Temperature Dinding Tube

𝑡_𝑤=𝑡_𝑐+(ℎ_0/∅_𝑠 )/(ℎ_𝑖𝑜/∅_𝑡 +ℎ_0/∅_𝑠 ) (𝑇_𝑐−𝑡_𝑐 )
tw = 156.09915596 F
Mencari µw didapatkan dari suhu tw
µw steam = 0.012 cp µw bahan = 0.8 cp
µw steam = 0.02904 lb/ft jam µwbahan = 1.936 lb/ft jam
Øs = (µs/µwsteam)^0.14 Øt = (µt/µwbahan)^0.14
= 1.0112690012 = 1.01662633
maka
ho = (ho/Øs) * Øs
= 145.72022863 Btu/jam.ft^2 F
hio = (hio/Øt) * Øt
= 2100.6764363 Btu/jam.ft^2 F
hi = (hi/Øt) * Øt
= 3268.6874009 Btu/jam.ft^2 F
Perhitunhan Clean Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient (Uc)

Uc = (hio x ho)/(hio + ho)
Uc = 136.26758593
Perhitungan Design Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient (UD)
UD = Q/A.∆T
A = Nt. l. a"
a" = 0.1963 ft^2
l = 0.83 ft
Nt = 86
A = 14.068166667 ft^2
UD = 101.12261416 Btu/hr ft^2 F Nilai UD sesuai dengan Kern tabel 8, nilai UD cp>2 = 200-700
Evaluasi Rd (dirt factor)

Rd = (Uc-Ud)/Uc.Ud
= 0.0025504825
Perhitungan Pressure Drop

Bilangan reynold digunakan untuk mencari data f dan s
Nre shell = 726,629.73 NRe tube = 174,335.24
f = 0.0008 (Tabel 29, Kern) f = 0.0001 (Tabel 26, kern)
sg = 1 (Tabel 6 Kern) s = 1.1
No. of Courses
N+1 = (12 x l)/B x n
= 20
Pressure Drop Shell Side

∆𝑃_𝑆=(𝑓. 〖〖𝐺 _𝑠 〗 ^2 𝐷 〗 _(𝑆 ) (𝑁+1))/(5,22 𝑥 10^10 𝐷_𝑒.𝑠.∅𝑠)
∆Ps = 0.1370884842 < 10 psia
Pressure Drop Tube Side

𝑃_𝑡=(𝑓. 〖〖𝐺 _𝑡 〗 ^2 〗 _ .𝐿.𝑛)/(5,22 𝑥 10^10 𝐷_𝑖.𝑠.∅𝑡)
∆Pt = 0.4411136004
Dengan data Gt adalah
Gt = 787763.79306 lb.jamft^2
maka didapatkan nilai V^2/2g' sebesar (Fig 27, Kern)
V^2/2g' = 0.09
∆Pn = (4n*V^2)/(s.2g')
= 1.3090909091
∆Pt = 0.4411136004 + 1.309091
= 1.7502045095 <10 psi
Kesimpulan
Kode : E-212
Type : 2-4 Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
Bahan pipa : Carbon Steel
Kapasitas : 809.14781619 lb/jam
Rd : 0.0025504825
Area cooler : 14.068166667 ft^2
Jumlah Coole: 1
Tube
Pitch : 0.94 in square
Passes : 2
BWG : 16 in
Baffle space : 12 in
Panjang : 10 in
C" : 0.19 in
Nt : 86
∆Pt : 1.7502045095 psi
Shell
ID : 12 in
Passes : 1
∆Ps : 0.1370884842 psi

2013 567.3
2014 576.1 1.6%
2015 556.8 -3.4%
2016 541.7 -2.7%
2017 567.5 4.8%
2018 603.1 6.3%
2019 607.5 0.7%
2020 596.2 -1.9%
RATA RATA 0.8%

Index 2027 = P(1-i)^n
Index 2027 = 599.84149894
Ex = Ey Nx/Ny
Dimana :
Ex = 6871.990788 $
108
0.013 cp Fig 15 Kern

0.03146 lb/jam ft^2
0.9 cp Fig 14 Kern

2.178 lg/jam ft^2
a sumbu Tube)
es pada tube
diameter luar tube)
(Table 9, Kern)
kaan panjang) (Table 10, Kern)
mpang aliran) (table 10, Kern)
(Fig 28 Kern)
(Table 10, Kern)
Cp (Btu/lb F) Interpolasi
216-261 = 0.452 - 0.454
239-261 x - 0.454
x--0.454 2.045455 = -0.002

2.045 x -0.928636 = -0.002
x = 0.453022 Btu/lb F
nilai UD cp>2 = 200-700
(Tabel 26, kern)
Massa Na2O3.3= 1288.0312176 kg/jam 2839.623 lb/jam
Fluida Panas =
T1 (Tin) = 150 oC 302 F
T2 (Tout) = 100 oC 212 F
Fluida Dingin =
t1 (Tin) = 30 oC 86 F
t2 (Tout) = 90 oC 194 F
Steam in
Aliran 3 Aliran 3
Steam out

∆TLMTD = (∆T1-∆T2)/ln(∆T1/∆T2)
∆T2 = ∆Tdingin = T2 - t1 ∆T2 = 126
∆TLMTD = 126 - 108 / ln 126 -
= 116.77 F

Fluida panas
= 212 + 302 / 2 =
= 257 F
Fluida dingin
tc = (t2 + t1)/2 µNa2O3.3SiO2 =
= 194 + 86 / 2
= 140 F
BWG = 10

Menghitung Nre
= 0.095 in^2 0.007917 ft^2 216 0.452
Gs = m/as 261 0.454
= 785670.6787 lb/hr.ft^2 Selisih 45 0.002
NRe = de x Gs x µ
= 1,144,625.11
(cµ/k)^1/3 = 1.0590168397
ho/Øs = 221.8158908 Btu/hr ft^2 F
Tube
Menghitung Nre
at = Nt x at' / 144 n
= 0.0271736111 in^2 = 0.00226447 ft^2
Gt = m/at
= 2089985.5734 lb/hr ft^2
Nre = Id x Gt / µ
= 277,513.24
Cp = 0.9 kj/kgK
Cp = 0.21496131 Btu/lb F
(cµ/k)^1/3 = 1.315406679
hi/Øt = 5366.8592503

= 5366.8592503 x 0.642667
= 3449.1015448

tw = 147.06974746 F
= 1.0112690012 = 1
maka
ho = (ho/Øs) * Øs
= 224.31553435 Btu/jam.ft^2 F
= 3449.1015448 Btu/jam.ft^2 F
hi = (hi/Øt) * Øt
= 5366.8592503 Btu/jam.ft^2 F

Uc = 210.6178088
UD = Q/A.∆T
A = Nt. l. a"
a" = 0.1963 ft^2
l = 0.75 ft
Nt = 86
A = 12.66135 ft^2

Rd = (Uc-Ud)/Uc.Ud
= 0.0011652593

Nre shell = 1,144,625.11 NRe tube = 277,513.24
sg = 1 (Tabel 6 Kern) s = 1.41
No. of Courses
N+1 = (12 x l)/B
= 4.5

∆𝑃_𝑆=(𝑓. 〖〖𝐺 _𝑠 〗 ^2 𝐷 〗 _(𝑆 ) (𝑁+1))/(5,22 𝑥 10^10 𝐷_𝑒.𝑠.∅𝑠)
∆𝑃_𝑆=(𝑓. 〖〖𝐺 _𝑠 〗 ^2 𝐷 〗 _(𝑆 ) (𝑁+1))/(5,22 𝑥 10^10 𝐷_𝑒.𝑠.∅𝑠)
∆Ps = 0.0765391623 < 10 psia

𝑃_𝑡=(𝑓. 〖〖𝐺 _𝑡 〗 ^2 〗 _ .𝐿.𝑛)/(5,22 𝑥 10^10 𝐷_𝑖.𝑠.∅𝑡)
𝑃_𝑡=(𝑓. 〖〖𝐺 _𝑡 〗 ^2 〗 _ .𝐿.𝑛)/(5,22 𝑥 10^10 𝐷_𝑖.𝑠.∅𝑡)
∆Pt = 0.4986604745
Gt = 2089985.5734 lb.jamft^2
V^2/2g' = 0.5
∆Pn = (4n*V^2)/(s.2g')
= 5.6737588652
∆Pt = 0.4986604745 + 5.673759
= 6.1724193397 <10 psi
Kesimpulan
Kode : E-212
Rd : 0.0011652593
Area cooler : 12.66135 ft^2
Jumlah Cooler : 1
Tube
Passes : 2
BWG : 16 in
Panjang : 10 in
C" : 0.19 in
Nt : 86
∆Pt : 6.1724193397 psi
Shell
ID : 12 in
Passes : 1
∆Ps : 0.0765391623 psi

2013 567.3
2014 576.1 1.6%
2015 556.8 -3.4%
2016 541.7 -2.7%
2017 567.5 4.8%
2018 603.1 6.3%
2019 607.5 0.7%
2020 596.2 -1.9%
RATA RATA 0.8%

Index 2027 = P(1-i)^n
Index 2027 = 599.84149894
Ex = Ey Nx/Ny
Dimana :
Ex = 6559.6275704 $
108

0.03146 lb/jam ft^2
1.5 cp Fig 14 Kern

3.63 lg/jam ft^2
umbu Tube)
ameter luar tube)
(Table 9, Kern)
(Table 10, Kern)
(table 10, Kern)
(Fig 28 Kern)
(Table 10, Kern)
216-261 = 0.452 - 0.454
239-261 x - 0.454
x--0.454 11.25 = -0.002

2.045 x -5.1075 = -0.002
x = 0.453822 Btu/lb F
ai UD cp>2 = 200-700
(Tabel 26, kern)
Massa Udara = 3976.21019443 kg/jam 8766.043 lb/jam
Fluida Panas =
T1 (Tin) = 200 oC 392 F
T2 (Tout) = 100 oC 212 F
Fluida Dingin =
t1 (Tin) = 30 oC 86 F
t2 (Tout) = 120 oC 248 F
Steam in
Aliran 3 Aliran 3
Steam out

∆TLMTD = (∆T1-∆T2)/ln(∆T1/∆T2)
∆T2 = ∆Tdingin = T2 - t1 ∆T2 = 126
∆TLMTD = 126 - 144 / ln 126
= 134.80 F

Fluida panas
Tc = (T2 + T1)/2 µsteam
= 212 + 392 / 2
= 302 F
Fluida dingin
tc = (t2 + t1)/2 µair
= 248 + 86 / 2
= 167 F
BWG = 10

Menghitung Nre
as = (IDs x B x C") / ( Pt x 144) T (F)
= 0.41232638889 in^2 0.034361 ft^2 261
Gs = m/as 351
= 124080.863246 lb/hr.ft^2 Selisih 90
NRe = de x Gs x µ
= 167,858.31
Cp steam = 0.45564444444 Btu/lb F
(cµ/k)^1/3 = 1.08667110099
ho/Øs = 71.1275629737 Btu/hr ft^2 F
Tube
Menghitung Nre
at = Nt x at' / 144 n
= 0.15988194444 in^2 = 0.0133235 ft^2
Gt = m/at
= 54828.2232513 lb/hr ft^2
Nre = Id x Gt / µ
= 45,501.38
Cp = 1 kj/kgK
Cp = 0.2388459 Btu/lb F
(cµ/k)^1/3 = 0.32763462886
hi/Øt = 267.349857149

= 267.349857149 x 0.642667
= 171.816841528

tw = 206.524355464 F
µw steam = 0.0117 cp µw bahan = 0.025
µw steam = 0.028314 lb/ft jam µwbahan = 0.0605
= 1.02544389619 = 0.9692428327
maka
ho = (ho/Øs) * Øs
= 72.937325302 Btu/jam.ft^2 F
= 166.532242181 Btu/jam.ft^2 F
hi = (hi/Øt) * Øt
= 259.126932855 Btu/jam.ft^2 F

Uc = 50.722170875
UD = Q/A.∆T
A = Nt. l. a"
a" = 0.1963 ft^2
l = 0.58 ft
Nt = 506
A = 57.9412166667 ft^2

Rd = (Uc-Ud)/Uc.Ud
= 0.00307138812

f = 0.0008 (Tabel 29, Kern) f = 0.00019
sg = 0.62 (Tabel 6 Kern) s = 1
No. of Courses
N+1 = (12 x l)/B
= 1.68

∆𝑃_𝑆=(𝑓. 〖〖𝐺 _𝑠 〗 ^2 𝐷 〗 _(𝑆 ) (𝑁+1))/(5,22 𝑥 10^10 𝐷_𝑒.𝑠.∅𝑠)
∆𝑃_𝑆=(𝑓. 〖〖𝐺 _𝑠 〗 ^2 𝐷 〗 _(𝑆 ) (𝑁+1))/(5,22 𝑥 10^10 𝐷_𝑒.𝑠.∅𝑠)
∆Ps = 0.00236173332 < 10 psia

𝑃_𝑡=(𝑓. 〖〖𝐺 _𝑡 〗 ^2 〗 _ .𝐿.𝑛)/(5,22 𝑥 10^10 𝐷_𝑖.𝑠.∅𝑡)
𝑃_𝑡=(𝑓. 〖〖𝐺 _𝑡 〗 ^2 〗 _ .𝐿.𝑛)/(5,22 𝑥 10^10 𝐷_𝑖.𝑠.∅𝑡)
∆Pt = 0.000275435
Gt = 54828.2232513 lb.jamft^2
V^2/2g' = 0.04
∆Pn = (4n*V^2)/(s.2g')
= 0.64
∆Pt = 0.000275435 + 0.64
= 0.640275435 <10 psi
Kesimpulan
Kode : E-212
Rd : 0.00307138812
Area cooler : 57.9412166667 ft^2
Jumlah Cooler : 1
Tube
Passes : 2
BWG : 16 in
Panjang : 10 in
C" : 0.19 in
Nt : 506
∆Pt : 0.640275435 psi
Shell
ID : 25 in
Passes : 1
∆Ps : 0.00236173332 psi

2013 567.3
2014 576.1 1.6%
2015 556.8 -3.4%
2016 541.7 -2.7%
2017 567.5 4.8%
2018 603.1 6.3%
2019 607.5 0.7%
2020 596.2 -1.9%
RATA RATA 0.8%

Index 2027 = P(1-i)^n
Index 2027 = 599.841498936
Ex = Ey Nx/Ny
Dimana :
Ex = 11036.8336898 $
- 144
= 0.014 cp Fig 15 Kern

= 0.03388 lb/jam ft^2
= 0.02 cp Fig 14 Kern

0.0484 lg/jam ft^2
meter luar Tube)

ak antara sumbu Tube)
meter dalam shell
lah passes pada tube
ak antra diameter luar tube)
(Table 9, Kern)
s permukaan panjang) (Table 10, Kern)
s penampang aliran) (table 10, Kern)
meter ekivalen) (Fig 28 Kern)
meter dalam tube) (Table 10, Kern)
0.452 216-261 = 0.452 - 0.454
0.46 239-261 x - 0.454
0.008
x--0.454 1.836735 = -0.008

2.045 x -0.844898 = -0.008
x = 0.455644 Btu/lb F
cp
lb/ft jam
µwbahan)^0.14
tabel 8, nilai UD cp>2 = 200-700

(Tabel 26, kern)
Massa SiO2 = 162.5 kg/jam 358.2512 lb/jam
Fluida Panas = ɸs
T1 (Tin) = 150 oC 302 F
T2 (Tout) = 100 oC 212 F
Fluida Dingin = µlarutan
t1 (Tin) = 40 oC 104 F
t2 (Tout) = 50 oC 122 F
Steam in
Aliran 3 Aliran 3
Steam out

∆TLMTD = (∆T1-∆T2)/ln(∆T1/∆T2)
∆T2 = ∆Tdingin = T2 - t1 ∆T2 = 108
∆TLMTD = 108 - 180 / ln 108 -
= 140.95 F

Fluida panas
= 212 + 302 / 2 =
= 257 F
Fluida dingin
tc = (t2 + t1)/2 µ SiO2 solution =
= 122 + 104 / 2
= 113 F
BWG = 10
Panjang = 10.5 in = 0.88 ft

Menghitung Nre
= 0.0224586288 in^2 0.001872 ft^2 216 0.452
Gs = m/as 261 0.454
= 348098.7038 lb/hr.ft^2 Selisih 45 0.002
NRe = de x Gs x µ
= 507,136.81
(cµ/k)^1/3 = 1.0590168397
ho/Øs = 135.86223311 Btu/hr ft^2 F
Tube
Menghitung Nre
at = Nt x at' / 144 n
= 0.0082152778 in^2 = 0.00068461 ft^2
Gt = m/at
= 2552391.6839 lb/hr ft^2
Nre = Id x Gt / µ
= 168,608.79
Cp = 0.77 kj/kgK
Cp = 0.183 Btu/lb F
(cµ/k)^1/3 = 1.5860867198
hi/Øt = 6851.8946295

= 6851.8946295 x 0.642667
= 4403.4842819
tw = 117.30990705 F
= 1.0112690012 = 1
maka
ho = (ho/Øs) * Øs
= 137.39326479 Btu/jam.ft^2 F
= 4403.4842819 Btu/jam.ft^2 F
hi = (hi/Øt) * Øt
= 6851.8946295 Btu/jam.ft^2 F

Uc = 133.23615881
UD = Q/A.∆T
A = Nt. l. a"
a" = 0.1963 ft^2
l = 0.88 ft
Nt = 10
A = 1.717625 ft^2

Rd = (Uc-Ud)/Uc.Ud
= 0.0017389969

sg = 1 (Tabel 6 Kern) s = 1
No. of Courses
N+1 = (12 x l)/B
= 15.75

∆𝑃_𝑆=(𝑓. 〖〖𝐺 _𝑠 〗 ^2 𝐷 〗 _(𝑆 ) (𝑁+1))/(5,22 𝑥 10^10 𝐷_𝑒.𝑠.∅𝑠)
∆Ps = 0.0350577638 < 10 psia
𝑃_𝑡=(𝑓. 〖〖𝐺 _𝑡 〗 ^2 〗 _ .𝐿.𝑛)/(5,22 𝑥 10^10 𝐷_𝑖.𝑠.∅𝑡)
∆Pt = 4.2820029076
Gt = 2552391.6839 lb.jamft^2
V^2/2g' = 0.07
∆Pn = (4n*V^2)/(s.2g')
= 1.12
∆Pt = 4.2820029076 + 1.12
= 5.4020029076 <10 psi
Kesimpulan
Kode : E-212
Rd : 0.0017389969
Jumlah Cooler : 1
Tube
Passes : 2
BWG : 16 in
Baffle space : 4 in
Panjang : 10 in
C" : 0.19 in
Nt : 26
∆Pt : 5.4020029076 psi
Shell
ID : 8 in
Passes : 1
∆Ps : 0.0350577638 psi

2013 567.3
2014 576.1 1.6%
2015 556.8 -3.4%
2016 541.7 -2.7%
2017 567.5 4.8%
2018 603.1 6.3%
2019 607.5 0.7%
2020 596.2 -1.9%
RATA RATA 0.8%

Index 2027 = P(1-i)^n
Index 2027 = 599.84149894
Ex = Ey Nx/Ny
Dimana :
Ex = 2811.2689587 $
= massa padtan dalam larutan /massa air dalam larutan
= 0.257896
= ((1+0.5ɸs) x µ1)/(1-ɸs)^4
= 3.01508
180

0.03146 lb/jam ft^2

7.296493 lg/jam ft^2
umbu Tube)
ameter luar tube)
(Table 9, Kern)
(Table 10, Kern)
(table 10, Kern)
(Fig 28 Kern)
(Table 10, Kern)
216-261 = 0.452 - 0.454
239-261 x - 0.454
x--0.454 11.25 = -0.002

2.045 x -5.1075 = -0.002
x = 0.453822 Btu/lb F
ai UD cp>2 = 200-700
(Tabel 26, kern)
Fungsi = Untu mendinginkan fluida dari reaktor untuk diumpankan ke filter

Massa H2SO4= 4.85 kg/jam 10.69242 lb/jam 0.001641 0.95 0.001559
Massa Na2O3= 12.88 kg/jam 28.39554 lb/jam 0.004357 0.61 0.002658
Massa SiO2 = 1625 kg/jam 3582.512 lb/jam 0.549755 0.84 0.461795
Massa Na2SO= 1165.4 kg/jam 2569.268 lb/jam 0.394268 0.98 0.386382
Massa H2O = 147.73 kg/jam 325.6889 lb/jam 0.049979 4.21 0.21041
Total = 2955.86 kg/jam 6516.556 lb/jam cp 1.062804
Fluida Panas =
T1 (Tin) = 90 oC 194 F
T2 (Tout) = 50 oC 122 F
Fluida Dingin =
t1 (Tin) = 30 oC 86 F
t2 (Tout) = 50 oC 122 F
Q cooler = 129675.42934 kJ/jam 122908.6 Btu/jam
W cooler = 1540.0882345 kg/jam 3395.313 lb/jam
cooling water
Aliran 3 Aliran 3
cooling water

∆TLMTD = (∆T1-∆T2)/ln(∆T1/∆T2)
∆T2 = ∆Tdingin = T2 - t1 ∆T2 = 36
∆TLMTD = 36 - 72 / ln 36 -
= 51.94 F

Fluida panas
Tc = (T2 + T1)/2 µfluida =
= 122 + 194 / 2 =
= 158 F
Fluida dingin
tc = (t2 + t1)/2 µcooling wat=
= 122 + 86 / 2
= 104 F
Shell ID = 17.25 in = 1.44 ft (Diameter dalam shell
BWG = 10
Baffle space = 17.25 in = 1.44 ft

Menghitung Nre
as = (IDs x B x C") / ( Pt x 144)
= 0.417677859 in^2 0.034806 ft^2
Gs = m/as
= 8129.0240502 lb/hr.ft^2
NRe = de x Gs x µ
= 128,475.95
k = 0.636 Btu/jam ft^2
Cp Fluida = 1.0628039217 Btu/lb F
(cµ/k)^1/3 = 0.0807435916
ho/Øs = 224.08548767 Btu/hr ft^2 F
Tube
Menghitung Nre
at = Nt x at' / 144 n
= 0.0612986111 in^2 = 0.00510822 ft^2
Gt = m/at
= 55389.727432 lb/hr ft^2
Nre = Id x Gt / µ
= 15,760.24
Cp = 4.18 kj/kgK
Cp = 0.99 Btu/lb F
(cµ/k)^1/3 = 1.6466241068
hi/Øt = 930.49231345

= 930.49231345 x 0.642667
= 597.99639344

tw = 118.71947821 F
µw fluida = 0.0001206132 cp µw cooler = 0.67 cp
µw fluida = 0.000291884 lb/ft jam µw cooler = 1.6214 lb/ft jam
= 1 = 1.00615121
maka
ho = (ho/Øs) * Øs
= 224.08548767 Btu/jam.ft^2 F
= 601.67479402 Btu/jam.ft^2 F
hi = (hi/Øt) * Øt
= 936.21596579 Btu/jam.ft^2 F

Uc = 163.27570195
UD = Q/A.∆T
A = Nt. l. a"
a" = 0.1963 ft^2
l = 0.83 ft
Nt = 194
A = 31.735166667 ft^2
UD = 74.570047618 Btu/hr ft^2 F Nilai UD sesuai dengan Kern tabel 8, nilai UD cooler heavy organ

Rd = (Uc-Ud)/Uc.Ud
= 0.0072856

sg = 1 (Tabel 6 Kern) s = 1
No. of Courses
N+1 = (12 x l)/B x n
= 13.913043478

∆𝑃_𝑆=(𝑓. 〖〖𝐺 _𝑠 〗 ^2 𝐷 〗 _(𝑆 ) (𝑁+1))/(5,22 𝑥 10^10 𝐷_𝑒.𝑠.∅𝑠)
∆Ps = 0.0001841338 < 10 psia

𝑃_𝑡=(𝑓. 〖〖𝐺 _𝑡 〗 ^2 〗 _ .𝐿.𝑛)/(5,22 𝑥 10^10 𝐷_𝑖.𝑠.∅𝑡)
∆Pt = 0.0033723279
Gt = 55389.727432 lb.jamft^2
V^2/2g' = 0.001
∆Pn = (4n*V^2)/(s.2g')
= 0.016
∆Pt = 0.0033723279 + 0.016
= 0.0193723279 <10 psi
Kesimpulan
Kode : E-212
Rd : 0.0072856
Area cooler : 31.735166667 ft^2
Jumlah Coole: 1
Tube
Passes : 2
BWG : 16 in
Baffle space : 17.25 in
Panjang : 10 in
C" : 0.19 in
Nt : 194
∆Pt : 0.0193723279 psi
Shell
ID : 17.25 in
Passes : 1
∆Ps : 0.0001841338 psi

2013 567.3
2014 576.1 1.6%
2015 556.8 -3.4%
2016 541.7 -2.7%
2017 567.5 4.8%
2018 603.1 6.3%
2019 607.5 0.7%
2020 596.2 -1.9%
RATA RATA 0.8%

Index 2027 = P(1-i)^n
Index 2027 = 599.84149894
Ex = Ey Nx/Ny
Dimana :
Ex = 9058.5333115 $
ɸs = massa padtan dalam larutan /massa air dalam larutan
= 16.8645
µlarutan = ((1+0.5ɸs) x µ1)/(1-ɸs)^4

= 0.000121
72
0.000121 cp
0.000292 lb/jam ft^2
0.7 cp Fig 14 Kern

1.694 lg/jam ft^2
a sumbu Tube)
es pada tube
diameter luar tube)
(Table 9, Kern)
(Fig 28 Kern)
(Table 10, Kern)
nilai UD cooler heavy organic = 5-75
(Tabel 26, kern)

Fungsi = Untu mendinginkan fluida dari reaktor untuk diumpankan ke filter

Massa SiO2 = 162.5 kg/jam 358.2512 lb/jam ɸs
Total = 283.10875246 kg/jam 624.148 lb/jam
Fluida Panas = µlarutan
T1 (Tin) = 61 oC 141.8 F
T2 (Tout) = 40 oC 104 F
Fluida Dingin =
t1 (Tin) = 30 oC 86 F
t2 (Tout) = 50 oC 122 F
Q cooler = 12741.354769 kJ/jam 12076.47 Btu/jam
W cooler = 152.40854987 kg/jam 336.0033 lb/jam
cooling water
Aliran 3 Aliran 3
cooling water

∆TLMTD = (∆T1-∆T2)/ln(∆T1/∆T2)
Dimana = ∆T1 = ∆panas = T1 -t2 ∆T1 = 19.8
∆T2 = ∆Tdingin = T2 - t1 ∆T2 = 18
∆TLMTD = 18 - 19.8 / ln 18 -
= 18.89 F

Fluida panas
Tc = (T2 + T1)/2 µfluida =
= 104 + 141.8 / 2 =
= 122.9 F
Fluida dingin
tc = (t2 + t1)/2 µcooling wat=
= 122 + 86 / 2
= 104 F
BWG = 10

Menghitung Nre
as = (IDs x B x C") / ( Pt x 144)
= 0.0659722222 in^2 0.005498 ft^2
Gs = m/as
= 9460.7690797 lb/hr.ft^2
NRe = de x Gs x µ
= 110.61
k = 0.636 Btu/jam ft^2
Cp Fluida = 0.78 Btu/lb F
(cµ/k)^1/3 = 1.6789949748
ho/Øs = 163.08841369 Btu/hr ft^2 F
Tube
Menghitung Nre
at = Nt x at' / 144 n
= 0.0148506944 in^2 = 0.00123756 ft^2
Gt = m/at
= 22625.429273 lb/hr ft^2
Nre = Id x Gt / µ
= 6,437.70
Cp = 4.18 kj/kgK
Cp = 0.99 Btu/lb F
(cµ/k)^1/3 = 1.6466241068
hi/Øt = 797.5648401

= 797.5648401 x 0.642667
= 512.56833723

tw = 108.56203688 F
µw fluida = 1.62 cp µw cooler = 0.7 cp
µw fluida = 3.9204 lb/ft jam µw cooler = 1.694 lb/ft jam
= 1 = 1
maka
ho = (ho/Øs) * Øs
= 163.08841369 Btu/jam.ft^2 F
= 512.56833723 Btu/jam.ft^2 F
hi = (hi/Øt) * Øt
= 797.5648401 Btu/jam.ft^2 F

Uc = 123.7225217
UD = Q/A.∆T
A = Nt. l. a"
a" = 0.1963 ft^2
l = 0.83 ft
Nt = 60
A = 9.815 ft^2
UD = 65.150332602 Btu/hr ft^2 F Nilai UD sesuai dengan Kern tabel 8, nilai UD cooler heavy organ
Rd = (Uc-Ud)/Uc.Ud
= 0.007266513

Nre shell = 110.61 NRe tube = 6,437.70
sg = 2.2 (Tabel 6 Kern) s = 1
No. of Courses
N+1 = (12 x l)/B x n
= 24

∆𝑃_𝑆=(𝑓. 〖〖𝐺 _𝑠 〗 ^2 𝐷 〗 _(𝑆 ) (𝑁+1))/(5,22 𝑥 10^10 𝐷_𝑒.𝑠.∅𝑠)
∆Ps = 0.0001417089 < 10 psia

𝑃_𝑡=(𝑓. 〖〖𝐺 _𝑡 〗 ^2 〗 _ .𝐿.𝑛)/(5,22 𝑥 10^10 𝐷_𝑖.𝑠.∅𝑡)
∆Pt = 0.0012207518
Gt = 22625.429273 lb.jamft^2
V^2/2g' = 0.001
∆Pn = (4n*V^2)/(s.2g')
= 0.016
∆Pt = 0.0012207518 + 0.016
= 0.0172207518 <10 psi
Kesimpulan
Kode : E-212
Kapasitas : 283.10875246 kg/jam
Rd : 0.007266513
Jumlah Coole: 1
Tube
Passes : 2
BWG : 16 in
Panjang : 10 in
C" : 0.19 in
Nt : 47
∆Pt : 0.0172207518 psi
Shell
ID : 10 in
Passes : 1
∆Ps : 0.0001417089 psi

2013 567.3
2014 576.1 1.6%
2015 556.8 -3.4%
2016 541.7 -2.7%
2017 567.5 4.8%
2018 603.1 6.3%
2019 607.5 0.7%
2020 596.2 -1.9%
RATA RATA 0.8%

Index 2027 = P(1-i)^n
Index 2027 = 599.84149894
Ex = Ey Nx/Ny
Dimana :
Ex = 5518.4168449 $
= massa padtan dalam larutan /massa air dalam larutan
= 2
= ((1+0.5ɸs) x µ1)/(1-ɸs)^4
= 1.62
19.8
1.62 cp
3.9204 lb/jam ft^2
0.7 cp Fig 14 Kern

1.694 lg/jam ft^2
a sumbu Tube)
es pada tube
diameter luar tube)
(Table 9, Kern)
(Fig 28 Kern)
(Table 10, Kern)
nilai UD cooler heavy organic = 5-75
(Tabel 26, kern)

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TANGKI PENYIMPANAN ASAM SULFAT

Fungsi Menampung asam sulfat yang akan diumpankan ke mixer

Komponen Massa (kg) Densitas (kg/L) Volume (L)

Volume Bahan 583.2113098 ft3

Suatu storage akan didesain jika diketahui

Volume Silinder = (1/4) π D H

Standarisasi Brownel n Young Appendi E hal 346

Menghitung tebal dinding silinder

Menghitung tebal tutup storage

Menentukan harga tank

Index Harga 2013-2020

Index Harga pada tahun 2027

Fungsi Menampung asam sulfat yang akan diumpankan ke mixer

Komponen Massa (kg)Densitas (kg/L) Volume (L)

Volume Bahan 4.6740016873 ft3

Menentukan Dimensi tangki

Menentukan tinggi shell

Menentukan Tinggi Liquid dalam shell

Menentukan tebal masing masing bagiam

Menentukan tebal silinder

Menentukan tebal tutup atas berbentuk dished

Menentukan tebal tutup bawah bentuk conical

Menentukan tinggi tangki

Menentukan sistem pengaduk

Berdasarkan data Brownel n Young hal.507

Menentukan tinggi impeller dari dasar tangki

Menentukan panjang impeller

Mennetukan tebal blade

Viskositas campura= Fraksi berat x viskositas

Menghitung bilangan reynold

Dimana n= Putaran pengaduk, ditetapkan 120 rpm = 2 rps

Nre = 9179.6489871 >2100 aliran turbulen

Menghitung poros pengaduk

Menentukan harga mixer

Index Harga 2013-2020

Index Harga pada tahun 2027

Fungsi Menampung sodium silikat yang akan diumpankan ke reaktor

Komponen Massa (kg) Densitas (kg/L) Volume (L)

Volume Bahan 4683.0635608 ft3

Suatu storage akan didesain jika diketahui

Volume Silinder = (1/4) π D H

Standarisasi Brownel n Young Appendi E hal 346

Diameter Storage 140 ft

Menghitung tebal dinding silinder

Menghitung tebal tutup storage

Menentukan harga tank

Index Harga 2013-2020

Index Harga pada tahun 2027

Fungsi Menampung asam sulfat yang akan diumpankan ke mixer

Komponen Massa (kg)Densitas (kg/L) Volume (L)

Volume Bahan 25.392792162 ft3 189.9513

Menentukan Dimensi tangki

Menentukan tinggi shell

Menentukan tekanan design (Pi)

Menentukan tebal masing masing bagiam

Menentukan tebal silinder

Menentukan tebal tutup atas berbentuk dished

Menentukan tebal tutup bawah bentuk conical

Menentukan tinggi tangki

Menentukan sistem pengaduk

Berdasarkan data Brownel n Young hal.507

Menentukan tinggi impeller dari dasar tangki