Lesson 6 “REPORTED SPEECH: INDIRECT SPEECH”

Sangga Buana University

English

 Reported speech atau indirect speech: cara mengungkapkan apa yang orang lain (speaker)
telah katakan secara langsung (direct speech) yang dapat berupa pernyataan, pertanyaan,
atau ucapan lainnya dengan mengubah format pembicaraan tersebut sehingga menjadi
lebih jelas, alami, dan efisien bagi pendengarnya. Logikanya, seorang penyampai berita
tidak melaporkan persis setiap kata yang diucapkan oleh seseorang.

 Direct speech yang diubah menjadi reported speech tersebut dapat berupa:
o statement (pernyataan)
o imperative (command (perintah), invitation (undangan), request (permintaan))
o yes/no question (pertanyaan yang membutuhkan jawaban ya atau tidak)
o information question atau wh-question (pertanyaan akan informasi)

 Contoh Kalimat Direct dan Reported Speech

Contoh Kalimat Direct Speech Contoh Kalimat Reported Speech

statement
“I’m not hungry now.” He said that he was not hungry at that time.
(Saya tidak lapar sekarang.) (Dia berkata bahwa dia tidak lapar saat itu.)

imperative
“Do not touch my computer!” She told me not to touch her computer.
(Jangan sentuh komputerku!) (Dia berkata pada saya untuk tidak
menyentuh komputernya.)

yes-no question
“Did you eat my cake?” She wanted to know if I’d eaten her cake.
(Apakah kamu makan kueku?) (Dia ingin tahu apakah saya telah memakan
kuenya.)

information question
“Who is the winner?” He asked me who the winner was.
(Siapa pemenangnya?) (Dia bertanya pada saya siapa
pemenangnya.)

 Table of tenses
 Mengubah Direct Speech menjadi Reported Speech
o Pada dasarnya direct speech dapat diubah menjadi reported speech dengan
menghilangkan tanda baca kutip,
o menghilangkan huruf kapital di awal kalimat,
o menambahkan that (optional),
o mengubah pronoun (menjadi orang ketiga),
“I’m so happy.”
Contoh kalimat reported speech: She told me that she was so happy.
(Dia mengatakan padaku bahwa dia sangat bahagia.)

Keterangan:
Pronoun: subjek “I” menjadi “she” (orang ketiga);
Verb: am (present tense) menjadi was (past tense) (misalnya) karena
diasumsikan dia sudah tidak terlihat sangat bahagia lagi (biasa saja).

imperative
“Don’t be afraid.”

Contoh kalimat reported speech: She told me not to be afraid.

(Dia mengatakan pada saya untuk tidak takut.)

Keterangan:
Verb: menjadi infinitive pada reporting command.
o menyesuaikan verb,
Verb pada direct speech berupa berupa imperative (command (perintah))
pada reported speech diubah menjadi infinitive. Selain itu,
umumnya verb tense (present atau future, termasuk modal) diubah menjadi
 bentuk past. Misalnya jika direct speech dalam present tense, maka reported
speech dalam past tense.
Direct Speech Reported Speech

present tense past tense

present continuous past continuous

present perfect past perfect

future (am/is/are going to) was/were going to

past tense past perfect

past continuous past perfect continuous

will would

must, have to had to

may (permission) could, might

shall should (ask for advice), would

(simple future)

may (possibility) might

can could

o mengoreksi time reference (waktu yang disebutkan dalam pembicaraan),

dan/atau

Direct Speech Reported Speech

here there

last month/year  the month/year before

 the preceding month/year
 the previous month/year

next month/year  a month/year later

 the following month/year
 the next month/year

now  at that time

 then
 today that day

tomorrow  a day later

 the following/next day

yesterday  the day before

 the previous day

two days/weeks ago  two days/weeks before

 two days/weeks earlier

o menambahkan whether atau if.

 “Do you have a little time?”
He asked me if I had a little time.

Keterangan:
Jawaban dari pertanyaan pada direct speech: Yes, I do atau No, I don’t.

 “Have you heard the news?”

She wanted to know whether I had heard the news.

Keterangan:
Jawaban dari pertanyaan pada direct speech: Yes, I have atau No, I haven’t.

Exercise 1:

Pilihlah reported speech untuk setiap direct speech di bawah ini.

1. “Did they eat out together yesterday?”

a. He asked me if they had eaten out together the day before.

b. He asked me if they had eaten out together yesterday.

c. He asked me if they has eaten out together the day before.

2. “Don’t turn off the light now.”

a. He told me didn’t turn off the light at that time.

b. He told me not to turn off the light at that time.

c. He told me don’t turn off the light at that time.

3. “What’s your passion?”

a. She wanted to know what is my passion.

b. She wanted to know what my passion was.

c. She wanted to know what was my passion.

4. “I begin to understand the concept of biodiversity.”

a. He said that he began to understand the concept of Biodiversity.

b. He wanted to know if he began to understand the concept of Biodiversity.

c. He asked me that he began to understand the concept of Biodiversity.

5. “Your friend has just left.”

a. He told me that my friend has just left.

b. He told me that your friend had just left.

c. He told me that my friend had just left.

6. “Can I borrow your pencil for a moment?”

a. She asked me whether she can borrow my pencil for a moment.

b. She asked me whether she could borrow my pencil for a moment.

c. She asked me if she can borrow my pencil for a moment.

7. “Why are you staring at my feet?”

a. He asked her why was she staring at his feet.

b. He asked her why she is staring at his feet.

c. He asked her why she was staring at his feet.

8. “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”

a. He asked if the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

b. He said that the sun rose in the east and set in the west.
c. He said that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

9. “I’m going to meet my penpal for the first time tomorrow.”

a. She said she was going to meet her penpal for the first time the next day.

b. She said she was going to meet my penpal for the first time tomorrow.
c. She said she was going to meet her penpal for the first time tomorrow.

10. “We have been here for a week.”

a. They said they had been there for a week.

b. They said they had been here for a week.

c. They said we had been there for a week.