ENGLISH 1

Sangga Buana University – YPKP

‘Catharina Dian Ikawati Susilo, S.S., M.Hum.
CONDITIONAL SENTENCE
Material
 Conditional sentence: complex sentence ‘kalimat majemuk’
 subordinate clause yang diawali dengan subordinate conjunction if berupa condition ‘syarat’ dan main clause berupa
result/consequence ‘hasil’.
 Complex sentence: sentence type ‘tipe kalimat’ yang terdiri dari satu independent clause dan satu atau lebih dependent
clause.
 Independent clause: kelompok kata yang mengandung subject, verb, dan biasanya komponen lain hingga membentuk
suatu pikiran yang utuh.
Dependent clause: mengandung subject dan verb namun belum mengungkapkan suatu pikiran yang utuh.
 Pada complex sentence, pikiran pada independent clause : pikiran utama (lebih penting) dan menjadi pondasinya;
sedangkan pada dependent clause: tambahan.
Ex.
 Because she had free time during last holiday, she rearranged her house.
‘Karena dia punya waktu luang selama liburan lalu, dia menata ulang rumahnya.’
 I’ll give you a call when I finish.
‘Saya akan meneleponmu setelah saya selesai.’
 Ada 4 tipe conditional sentence yang biasa digunakan, yaitu: tipe 1, tipe 2, tipe 3, dan tipe 0.
CONDITIONAL SENTENCE
Material
 Adverbial clause dapat berada di awal atau akhir complex sentence.
 Ketika berada di awal, biasanya adverbial clause dan indepedent clause dipisahkan dengan koma.
 Adapun adjective clause, jika informasi yang dibawanya penting dan akan mengubah makna jika dihilangkan ( essential,
defining adjective clause), maka koma tidak digunakan untuk memisahkannya dengan independent clause. Sebaliknya, jika
informasi yang dibawanya tidak akan mengubah maksud kalimat ketika dihilangkan (non-essential, non-defining adjective
clause), koma digunakan.
CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: TYPE 1
Material
 Conditional sentence type 1: ketika result/consequence (hasil) dari condition (syarat) memiliki kemungkinan untuk terwujud
di masa depan karena condition-nya realistik untuk dipenuhi. Condition berada di dalam subordinate clause dengan
subordinate conjunction “if”, sedangkan result/consequence berada di dalam main clause.

 If I have free time, I will go swimming. ‘Jika saya punya waktu luang, saya akan pergi berenang.’
 If the bell rings, I’ll go home in no time. ‘Jika bel berbunyi, saya akan pulang ke rumah segera.’
 If they invite you, will you come? ‘Jika mereka mengundangmu, apakah kamu akan datang?’
CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: TYPE 1
Task 1: Pilihlah jawaban yang menurutmu paling tepat untuk melengkapi bagian yang kosong.

 If a customer … chocolate ice cream from the restaurant, he or she will get extra toppings.
(a) orders (b) order
 The hotel front desk clerk … you special price room rates if you don’t ask.
(a) wouldn’t offer (b) won’t offer
 If you call Tessa, I … others.
(a) will call (b) would call
 If I tell the truth, … hurt?
(a) will he gets (b) will he get
 Unless it snows, the pavements … slippery.
(a) will not (b) will not be
 If he … the book, I will borrow it in my university library.
(a) hasn’t (b) doesn’t have
 The manager … your current income if you can stay focused when working from home.
(a) will double (b) doubles
 You will make your parents sad if you … responsible for your life.
(a) don’t (b) aren’t
CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: TYPE 2
Material
 conditional sentence: ketika result/consequence (hasil) dari condition (syarat) tidak memiliki atau hanya sedikit
kemungkinan untuk terwujud karena condition-nya tidak mungkin dipenuhi di masa sekarang (present unreal situation) atau
condition-nya sulit untuk dipenuhi di masa depan (unlikely to happen).
 Condition berada di dalam subordinate clause dengan subordinate conjunction “if”, sedangkan result/consequence berada di
dalam main clause.

 If it rained tomorrow, I would sleep all day. ‘Jika besok hujan, saya akan tidur sepanjang hari.’
 Fact: but I don’t have much hope it will rain
 If I were a millionaire, I would donate my money to charity. ‘Jika saya seorang millionaire, saya akan mendonasikan uang saya
untuk amal.’
 Fact: but I’m not a millionaire
CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: TYPE 1
Task 2: Pilihlah jawaban yang menurutmu paling tepat untuk melengkapi bagian yang kosong.

 If I … his mind, I wouldn’t let him touch my PC.

(a) could read (b) would read
 If I … him, I would quit my job and start a business.
(a) was (b) were
 If he were here, I … him not to enter the room without permission.
(a) would advise (b) would advice
 It … appreciated if you returned the form as soon as possible.
(a) would be greatly (b) would greatly
 … I rich, I would send my son to study overseas.
(a) Were if (b) Were
 If he studied harder, he … the best score in his class.
(a) would got (b) would get
 Your parents wouldn’t be angry if you … to them.
(a) didn't lie (b) don't lie
CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: TYPE 3
Material
 Conditional sentence: ketika result/consequence (hasil) dari condition (syarat) tidak ada kemungkinan terwujud karena
condition-nya harus sudah dipenuhi di masa lalu.
 Condition berada di dalam subordinate clause dengan subordinate conjunction “if”, sedangkan result/consequence berada di
dalam main clause.

 If you had remembered to invite me, I would have attended your party. ‘Jika kamu ingat mengundang saya, saya akan hadir di
pestamu.’
 Fact: but you didn’t remember
 If the waitress had been careful, she wouldn’t have broken many plates. ‘Jika pelayan tersebut hati-hati, dia tidak akan
memecahkan banyak piring.’
 Fact: but the waitress wasn’t careful
CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: TYPE 1
Task 3: Pilihlah jawaban yang menurutmu paling tepat untuk melengkapi bagian yang kosong.

 If you … an umbrella, you wouldn’t have got wet.

(a) had took (b) had taken
 If you … about personal financial planning, you could’ve spent your money wisely.
(a) had known (b) had knew
 She … your calls if you had reply her text message fast.
(a) wouldn't have been ignored (b) wouldn't have ignored
 Had you treated your maid better, she …
(a) wouldn't have ran away (b) wouldn't have run away
 If he had come to ask forgiveness, … his apologies?
(a) would you have accept (b) would you have accepted
 If our friend hadn’t forgotten to renew his visa, he …
(a) wouldn't have been deported (b) wouldn't have deported
 If the student … the instructions carefully, he wouldn’t have broken an dessicator.
(a) have listened and followed (b) had listened and followed
CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: TYPE 0
Material
 Conditional clause yang digunakan ketika result/consequence (hasil) dari condition (syarat) selalu terwujud karena
merupakan scientific fact (fakta ilmiah) atau general truth (kebenaran umum) yang merupakan habitual activity (kebiasaan).
 Condition berada di dalam subordinate clause dengan subordinate conjunction “if” atau “when”, sedangkan
result/consequence berada di dalam main clause.

 If I sleep late, I am sleepy at work. habitual activity ‘Jika saya tidur terlambat, saya mengantuk di tempat kerja.’
 If we burn paper, does it become ash? ‘Jika kita membakar kertas, itu menjadi debu?’
CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: TYPE 0
Material
 Conditional clause yang digunakan ketika result/consequence (hasil) dari condition (syarat) selalu terwujud karena
merupakan scientific fact (fakta ilmiah) atau general truth (kebenaran umum) yang merupakan habitual activity (kebiasaan).
 Condition berada di dalam subordinate clause dengan subordinate conjunction “if” atau “when”, sedangkan
result/consequence berada di dalam main clause.

 If I sleep late, I am sleepy at work. habitual activity ‘Jika saya tidur terlambat, saya mengantuk di tempat kerja.’
 If we burn paper, does it become ash? ‘Jika kita membakar kertas, itu menjadi debu?’
HOW TO WRITE A MOTIVATION LETTER
Material
Important step, including the following:
(a) Write an outline.
(b) Write an introduction.
(c) Expand your outline for your body.
(d) Conclude your motivation letter.
(e) Proofread your motivation letter.
 Introduction. What is my main point? What brought me to this program? (The first paragraph should attract the attention of
the reader. It can be a simple, funny or interesting anecdote from life, leading to the essence of motivation letter).
 Why me? What significant knowledge and experience I already possess? What have I learned from this experience?
 Why here? How does my academic experience correlate with the faculty / field of study? Is there a specific project I want to
work on, or a specific teacher with whom I am eager to work?
 Why now? What are my short / long term goals? How will teaching on this program, at this time, at this university, help me in
their implementation? What will I achieve with this knowledge?
 Conclusion. What is the reader meant to take away? How will they remember this personal statement in particular? (Here you
can create a ring composition by linking the conclusion with the initial thought and ending the essay with the thesis
emphasizing the unique features of the applicant and the contribution that he or she will bring to the new learning
environment).
HOW TO WRITE A MOTIVATION LETTER
Template
Dear Mr/Ms. [recipient's surname],

My name is [your name] and I am a [position/qualification/area of study]. I am writing to apply for a [scholarship/volunteer
opportunity/place] at [name of organization].
I would love to [study/volunteer] with you because [reasons for wanting to study course or volunteer]. I am especially interested
in your [school/non-profit organization] because [reasons for choosing a particular organization].
I feel I would be an asset to your organization because I am [list of positive qualities]. I am also skilled in [list of positive skills]
which I developed through [experiences or courses that taught you skills].
In conclusion, I hope to get the opportunity to [study/volunteer] with you at [name of organization]. Thank you for taking the
time to review my application. Please contact me at [preferred contact details] if you have any questions for me. I look forward to
hearing from you soon.

Yours sincerely,

[Your name]