Urgensi Komunikasi Risiko dalam

Penanggulangan Bencana
Oleh: Wignyo Adiyoso
Perencana Ahli Madya Bappenas & Pengurus PPPI Kom. Bappenas

Daring, 15 Juli 2022

In House Training
Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah
Provinsi Jawa Barat
 Outline

Pengantar

Konsep Komunikasi Risiko

Komunikasi Risiko dalam Penanggulangan Bencana

Penutup

2
PENGANTAR

3
Tren Jumlah Kejadian Bencana
(Termasuk Pandemi)

4
 Kejadian dan Jumlah Korban Bencana di Indonesia
Indonesia negara paling banyak jumlah korban bencana alam 2018

15 Urutan kejadian
bencana alam 01 Urutan jumlah korban
bencana alam

Jumlah korban bencana tidak linear dengan jumlah kejadian bencana

1% 0%
JENIS 0% KORBAN 0% 0%

BENCANA 9% 2%
16% 1. Gempa Bumi
2. Tsunami BANJIR
1. Puting beliung 29% BANJIR 12%
2. Banjir 3. Tanah longsor 34%
TANAH LONGSOR
TANAH LONGSOR 4. Banjir
3. Tanah longsor
PUTING BELIUNG
4. Kebajaran hutan PUTING BELIUNG
KEBAKARAN HUTAN
KEBAKARAN HUTAN
34% GEMPA BUMI
GEMPA BUMI
20%
43%
5

Sumber: CRED, DIBI BNPB, 2019

 Kerugian Akibat Bencana 2018
KEBUTUHAN TENAGA KERJA DI 5 SUBSEKTOR PRIORITAS TAHUN 2021-
2035
KEJADIAN BENCANA BESAR 2018

Banjir & Tanah Longsor Gempa Bumi & Tanah Gempa Bumi Gempa Bumi & Tsunami
Brebes Longsor Lombok NTB Tsunami
Banten dan Lampung
22 Pebruari 2018 Banjarnegara 29 Juli 2018 Palu Sulteng 22 Desember 2018
14 April 2018 28 September 2018

KORBAN DAN KERUGIAN

18 meninggal 2 meninggal 563 meninggal 2,113
437 meninggal
meninggal
876 Miliar 462 Miliar 18 Triliun 20 Triliun 453 Miliar

3,9 Triliun 1 Triliun

APBD Provinsi Sulawesi APBD Kabupaten
Tengah 2018 40 Trilun Lombok Utara 2018

Sumber: BNPB, Tempo.co.id, Tribunews.com

 Dampak Bencana Terhadap Pariwisata

!"#$%&'(#)#)*'+,"-$&'./0/
!"#$"%&'$"%"&($)&*+,)-./&%+0)&1-&
223&4+."&-5%&6"%)&$"#&/7+-"#8)&
-5#0)#"-"#&.+%+#&6)#00"&9:;<&
Kontribusi Pariwisata
10% aktivitas ekonomi global dan
menyumbang 292 juta lapangan
kerja
(World Travel & Tourism Council, 2017)s.

Pariwisata Indonesia 2045

Indonesia menjadikan pariwisata
menjadi sektor unggulan di
samping Industri, pertanian dan
Infrastruktur (Bappenas, 2018)

STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA BERBASIS MANAJEMEN BENCANA

7
 Dampak Bencana Terhadap Pembangunan

Sumber: Bappenas, NA.

8
KONSEP KOMUNIKASI RISIKO

9
 Kegagalan Beberapa Peringatan Dini

Gempa Bumi Sumatera 8.6 SR, April 11, 2012 Percentage of respondents who evacuated /did
not evacuate after the West Sumatra earthquake
(di Aceh and Padang) 2009 (n=200)

• Masyarakat melakukan evakuasi dalam kepanikan

meskipun sirene tsunami tidak berbunyi;
• Sebagian masyarakat tidak menggunakan shelter
evakuasi pada saat terjadi penyelematan;

Tsunami Pangandaran 2006 Source: GTZ, 2010

Tsunami Pangandaran (17 Juli 2006), akbat gempa M7.7,

menyebabkan 660 orang meninggal. Tidak ada tanda-tanda
peringatan tsunami (Kompas, 2016).

Source: Developed from Bappenas (2009), BNPB (2010), Kompas (2010), GTZ, (2010),
https://sains.kompas.com/read/2016/07/18/07294931/10.tahun.tsunami.pangandaran.tsunami.dahsyat.tanpa.isyarat.gempa?page=all.

10
 Media Mewartakan Bencana
'Potensi tsunami 57 meter': Bisakah
polisi mempidanakan penelitian ilmiah?
Kehebohan muncul hasil penelitian BPPT bahwa ada
Media reported issues on illegally Media reported issues on
potensi tsunami di Pandeglang Jawa Barat setinggi 57
adopting children (parentless) possibility Yogyakarta will
for human trafficking destroyed by Merapi meter akibat gempa bumi 'megathrust.’ Yang
mengejutkan, polisi akan melakukan proses hukum
terhadap BMKG dan BPPT. Alasannya? Hasil penelitian
Yogyakarta Mentawai itu dianggap "meresahkan dan menghambat investasi.”
Earthquake Tsunami
2006 2010 (BBC INDONESIA, 9 April 2018)

2010
2004
Aceh
Merapi
Eruption
Tsunami
Media reported issues on Tension between Media &
Government on: (1) inaccurate
possibility tsunami hit
information on early warning
Yogyakarta (30 km away from
nearest coastal) after system, (2) blaming Governor of
earthquake West Sumatra for not at place
(official visit to Germany) when
disaster happened.
FPI Bicara Soal Penyebab Gempa dan
Tsunami di Palu
JAKARTA - Ketua Umum Front Pembela Islam (FPI) Ustad
Sobri Lubis mengatakan, bencana yang selama ini melanda
Indonesia disebabkan karena pemerintah kerap melakukan
kriminalisasi kepada ulama sehingga membuat Allah SWT
murka dan menurun azab. Salah satu contohnya adalah
peristiwa gempa dan tsunami yang terjadi di Kota Palu dan
Kabupaten Donggala, Sulawesi Tengah. Bencana itu
dikarenakan Sugi Nur Raharja alias Gus Nur, ulama yang
11
berasal dari Palu ditetapkan sebagai tersangka. (SindoNews)
 Krisis Komunikasi Dalam Penanggulangan Bencana

• Gather the Fact

• Tell the Truth
• Plan Your Communication
• Build Communication Skill

???

Lembaga Penelitian, Pendidikan,
Penerangan Ekonomi dan Sosial ( LP3ES)
merilis penelitian mereka tentang
komunikasi politik kabinet Presiden Joko
Widodo selama pandemi Covid-19.
Selama kurun waktu 1 Januari hingga 5
April 2020, LP3ES menemukan adanya 37
pernyataan blunder pernyataan
pemerintah terkait virus corona atau
Covid-19. (Kompas, 6/4/2020)
'Potensi tsunami 57 meter': Bisakah polisi mempidanakan penelitian
ilmiah?
Kehebohan sempat muncul saat keluar berita hasil penelitian yang
menyebut bahwa ada potensi tsunami di Pandeglang Jawa Barat setinggi
57 meter akibat gempa bumi 'megathrust.’ Informasi itu tersebar lewat
presentasi Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT) pekan
lalu. Yang mengejutkan, polisi bermaksud melakukan proses hukum
terhadap Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan geofisika (BMKG) dan BPPT.
Alasannya? Hasil penelitian itu dianggap "meresahkan dan menghambat
investasi.” (BBC INDONESIA, 9 April 2018)

12
 Kesimpulan Beberapa Penelitian Tentang Kesiapsiagaan
Temuan umum penelitian tentang
bencana, masyarakat kurang
aware dan kurang siap dan
cenderung abai terhadap
ancaman bencana (Paton, 2005;
Shaw 2004, Spittal, et.al 2005).
Faktor penyebab
ketidaksiapan/ksesiapan beragam
dan perlu mendapatkan perhatian
dalam rangka menyusun kebijakan
intervensi
Attitude (Paton & McIvor, 2007), Subjective norm (Paton &
McIvor, 2007), Social factors (neighbourd support, bondedness
(Heller et.al, 2005, Mileti & Darlington, 1997), Affective
(Emotion) (Siegrist & Gutscher, 2008), Trust/Source
credibility (Covello, 2003; Tersptra 2011)
Socioeconomic (Edward, 1993; Farley et.al, 1993; Russel
et.al, 1995), Gender and Age (Fothergill, 1996; Mileti &
O’brien, 1992;Zhang,1994, Kaniasty & Norris 1993; Saylor,
Swenson & Powel, 1992), Ethnicity (Edward, 1993),
Optimistic Bias (Spittal, McLure, Siegert,& Walkey, 2005)
Intention/
Perceived risk, message, context, community, Protective
peers/family, prior belief (Rohrmann, 1999) Behavior
Perceived risk, amount of relevant information, level of
past damages, salience of hazard, & level of knowledge
(Johnston et al, 1999)
Action coping, critical awareness, outcome expectancy,
self-efficacy, sense of community (Paton, Kelly, Burgelt &
Doherty, 2006; Sagala et.al, 2008)
Household characteristic (demographic), Household
resources (belief, skill, knowledge etc), Experience with
hazard, Perception of hazard (Lindell & Perry, 1997)
13
Pengertian/Definisi Komunikasi Risiko
Social Marketing
Intervention program to influence public health
Crisis Communication
Persuasive, personal,
business communucation
Behavior Change
How human think and behave
Risk Communication:
• “communication with
individuals (not necessarily
face-to-face) which addresses
knowledge, perceptions,
attitudes and behavior relating
to risk “ (Edwards and Bastian
2001: 147 in Heath, R., L, &
O’Hair H. 2009);
“… an interactive process of
exchange of information and
opinion among individuals,
groups and institution. It
involves multiple message
about the nature of risk and
other messages…” (NAoS 14 cited
14
by Covello, 2009).
 Persepsi Risiko Ancaman
25% di USA Takut Menggunakan Pesawat

Transports Death Chance

Plane 1 : 9.821

Motorcycle 1 : 114

Car 1 : 654

Travelandleisure, 2014

§ Outrage
§ Uncontrollable § Not-Outrage
§ Involuntary § Controllable
§ Voluntary
15
 Persepsi Risiko Ancaman

FAKTOR PENGARUH RISK PERCEPTION HASIL

Greater Acceptable Less Acceptable

§ Sosial of Risk of Risk
§ Gender Voluntary Involuntary
q Pandangan
Controllable Uncontrollable
§ Ekonomi
Wide Impact Limited impact q Sikap
§ Keyakinan
Natural Disaster Manmade disaster
§ Budaya q Tindakan
Measurable impact Unmeasurable impact
§ Agama Familiar New

Impact on adults Impact on children

Proses Berpikir, pemahaman dan tindakan

Sumber: Adiyoso dimodifikasi dari Slovic, 2018
16
 Risk Perception: Expert vs Lay People

Sumber: Slovic, 1987

17
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI RISIKO DALAM
PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA

18
Kerangka Pikir
Komunikasi Risk Assessment Risk Management MITIGATION PREPAREDNESS
Risiko •Hazard Identification
•Hazard Characterization
•Risk Evaluation
•Option Assessment
SIKLUS
•Exposure Assessment
•Option Implementation
MANAJEMEN
•Risk Characterization
•Monitoring and Review
BENCANA

RECOVERY EMERGENCY
Risk
Communication
(Informing, Persuading,
Consulting)
Existing (old)
knowledge, Desired (new)
knowledge,
attitude, Intervention attitude,
preparedness Program preparedness
behaviour & risk
communication behaviour

Social/disaster Persuasive communication Behavioural Change

theories/studies Theories/studies theories/studies

Source: Developed from Canadian Food 19

Inspection Agency, 2000
 Komprehensivitas Komunikasi Risiko

MEDIA PEMERINTAH

KR PENDIDIKAN & PEMBUDAYAAN KR KESIAPSIAGAAN

SOSIAL MEDIA MASYARAKAT KARAKTERISTIK ANCAMAN DISEMINASI POTENSI & DAMPAK

ILMU PENGETAHUAN/RISET RENCANA KONTIJENSI

DISASTER DRILLING
DISEMINASI KEBIJAKAN & REGULASI

INTERPERSONAL
PELIBATAN TOKOH MASYARAKAT MITIGASI KESIAPSIAGAAN KOLABORASI STAKEHOLDERS

INTEGRASI PB DL PENDIDIKAN KELEMBAGAAN

Ancaman &
Safer Society
Kondisi POST TRAUMA
REKONSTRUKSI/ TANGGAP EARLY SYSTEM WARNING
RESILIENSI REHABILITASI DARURAT
SISTEM KOMANDO
KEBANGKITAN
EKONOMI, SOSIAL & BUDAYA PENYELAMATAN

TATA KELOLA PASCA BENCANA PENGUNGSIAN

KR RECOVERY & KONSOLIDASI KR EWS & TANGGAP DARURAT

MEDIA MASSA
Sumber: Adiyoso, 2020

20
 Karakteristik dan Hubungan Media Massa, Media Sosial,
& Media Informasi Pemerintah

Mass Media Government Information

Risk
§ controversy, conflict Issue § Lack of credibility
§ personal drama § inaccuracy
§ failures, negligence § less attractive
§ scandal & wrong doing § inaccessible
§ stories about victim & hero Community § out of date
§ coverage area § ambiguity
§ attractive § limited
§ up to date
Social media

Mixed (rumor, hoax, advocacy, experience, personal etc)

Government is responsible for informing & communicating hazard to public (educating,

informing, guiding, issuing warning, persuading, exchange of information)
Source: Author, developed from Covello (2009)
21
 Teori-Teori Mendukung Komunikasi Risiko
THEORIES OF PSYCHOLOGY
Attitude
Attitude Intention

Demographic Attitude

Beliefs Attitude Intention

INFORMATION BEHAVIOUR
Attention Reception Retention Acceptance Action

Source Context Context Message Receiver

Source: Author,
developed from
Severin Knowledge Awareness Liking Preference Conviction Action
et.al.(1992), Heat
h et. Al 92009),
Okeefe (2010), THEORIES OF COMMUNICATION
Ajzen (2010)

Cognitive development is mediator relationship between information

(message) – behaviour.
22
 Integrasi Isu Kebencanan dalam Kurikulum Sekolah
Table
4:
Sekolah Siaga Bencana (SSB) vs Non-SSB

q Respondents 240 junior high schools in

Bantul Yogykarta (one is a Disaster
Safer School (SSB) and another was
not).
q More than 90% students was directly
experiencing the earthquake 2006;
q Earthquake as a god’s punishment was Table Table
6:
perceived more than 30% students 5:
surveyed in the non-intervention & 18%
intervention and supernatural causes
was 25% in non-intervention students;
q There are differences between uses of
media information related to earthquake
between schools .

Sumber: Adiyoso, W., dan Kanegae, H., (2013) Effectiveness of Disaster-based School Program on Student’s Earthquake-Preparedness. Journal of Disaster Research, Vol.8
No.5, October 1st, 2013.

23
Pesan Keagamaan dalam Bencana

Setiap yang bernyawa akan

merasakan mati. Kami akan
menguji kamu dengan
keburukan dan kebaikan sebagai Poster salah
cobaan. Dan kamu satu sekolah
akan dikembalikan hanya di Banda Aceh
kepada kami.
(QS Al-Anbiya: 35)

Dan kami akan menguji kamu dengan sedikit

ketakutan, kelaparan, kekurangan harta, jiwa,
dan buah-buahan. Dan sampaikan kabar
gembira kepada orang-orang yang sabar.
Allah tidak makan
(QS Al-Baqarah: 155)
membebani seseorang
melainkan dengan
kesanggupannya… …Sesungguhnya Allah tidak akan mengubah
(QS Al-Baqarah: 286) keadaan suatu kaum sebelum mereka
mengubah keadaan mereka sendiri…
(QS Ar-Ra’d: 11)

24
 Early Warning System Gempa Bumi

Earthquake Early Warning

System in Japan

Kejadian Gempa Bumi

Sumber: Tsukada 2017, Earthquake Research

Institute, The University of Tokyo and JMA 2017.
Sumber: Adiyoso, 2018

25
 Mitos Merapi dan Pengurangan Risiko Bencana

Mitos “wedhus gembel” dan

“kerajaan Merapi” sedikit
banyak memberikan kontribusi
adanya korban bencana Merapi
(Ibnu Subiyanto, 2016)

Jumlah korban letusan Merapi

2006 (151 meninggal) dan 2010
(277 orang meninggal), semestinya
bisa dicegah/dikurangi bila
pendekatan komunikasi risiko yang
tepat dilakukan.

Sumber: https://bangka.tribunnews.com/2018/05/11/al-quran-milik-mbah-marijan-saat-letusan-gunung-merapi-ditemukan-tak-terduga-kondisinya?page=all
26
 Contoh Rekomendasi Struktur Pesan (Content)
Dalam Komunikasi Risiko (sesuai Teori TPB)
Behaviour To be prepared for tsunami you should participate tsunami evacuation
desired
drill December 26, 2018 in your area

• Preparing for tsunami by participating evacuation drill will train us to

be familiar with evacuation route and shelter so we can find easily
when tsunami occur Behavioral
belief
• Preparing for tsunami by participating tsunami evacuation drill is part
Set of of our effort to safe our lives (as God advises us mentioned in Holy
argument Quran)
Normative
• Expert (religious leader) did participating and will participate tsunami belief
evacuation drill this year
• Participating tsunami evacuation drill will not take long time (3 hours in
one year). You area advised to bring your children or family members Control
to join. belief

Experiencing from Tohoku disaster 2011 it has shown the effectiveness of

tsunami disaster drill to save lives. One school in Kamaishi city conducts
Strong
Factual regularly tsunami drill. One day before tsunami March 11, they just
evidence evidence
conducted tsunami drill. Only 5 out of 2,900 school children died when
tsunami struck their school.

So, for people in [village] it is no reason not to join this event. Lets
Emphasize Personalised/ne
behaviour participatie tsunami evacuation drill on December 26, 2018. 27
gative
 Apakah Informasi Bisa Mengubah Tindakan?
INFORMASI INFORMASI
APA ITU TERJADINYA SPESIFIK SPESIFIK
TSUNAMI AJAKAN
TSUNAMI

HARUS
BERTINDAK

TANDA-2
TERJADINYA
TSUNAMI

HARUS
DIINGAT TINDAKAN HARUS
PESAN AGAMA
SPESIFIK BERTINDAK

Source: Bakornas Indonesia, n.d 28

 KELOMPOK INTERVENSI KELOMPOK NON-INTERVENSI Efektivitas Pesan Khusus Dalam Informasi
Masyarakat A (N=85) Masyarakat B (N=88)

Kuesioner 1: Pre-test Kuesioner 1: Pre-test

Sub-group Sub-group
A1 (N=42) A2 (N=43) Dibagikan oleh pewawancara

Dibagikan & diperkuat Dibagikan oleh

oleh pemuka agama pewawancara

SELEBARAN INTERVENSI SELEBARAN

KONVENSIONAL
- 3 elemen Kesiapsiagaan
- Penyebab tsunami
- Pesan persuasif
- Tanda-tanda alami
- Pesan tsunami
keagamaan/kepercayaan -
Pengalaman/Cerita - Cara untuk mengungsi
Dipersonalisasikan
(1 – 3 hari setelah pre-test)

Dibagikan & diperkuat oleh Dibagikan oleh

pemuka agama pewawancara

SELEBARAN PERALATAN BENCANA ALAM

Daftar peralatan bencana alam
(2 minggu setelah pre-test)

Kuesioner 2: Post-test
Kuesioner 2: Post-test
6 minggu setelah pre-test
6 minggu setelah pre-test
Sumber: Adiyoso, W., dan Kanegae, H., (2017) Tsunami Resilient Preparedness Indicators:
The Effects of Integrating Religious Teaching and Roles of Religious Leaders. In Disaster29
Risk
Reduction in Indonesia: Progress, Challenges, and Issues. Riyanti Djalante et. al (ed.),
Springer, Switzerland. Link: http://bit.ly/wignyo_chapter_DRR_inIndonesia_Springer
 Fiqih Bencana: Intervensi Persepsi
untuk Bertindak Siapsiaga
Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Sikap dan Tindakan yang Sikap & Tindakan yang
Persepsi thd Bencana Mungkin diharapkan

Jabariyah
Ilmu
Kalam Qadariyah Melakukan
Siapsiaga

Kontekstual Melakukan
Ilmu Tafsir Siapsiaga
Tekstual
Tidak
Melakukan
Tradisional Siapsiaga
Kepercayaan
Saintifik

Intervensi kebijakan PRB tidak masuk ranah debat faktor penyebab persepsi (agama dll),
tapi fokus mengubah persepsi, sikap dan tindakan untuk bersiap siaga menghadapi bencana
 Sesar Baribis: Komunikasi risiko seperti apa?

- Perencanaan - Media Massa

- Analysis - Media sosial
- Desain - Informasi
- Implementasi? Mitigasi pemerintah
- Monev

Rehab Kesiapsiagaan

- Pemerintah
Sumber Media Pesan Penerima Tindakan Tanggap - Perguruan
Darurat Tinggi
Sumber: Widiyantoro, S., Supendi, P., Ardianto, A. et al. Implications - Media Massa
for fault locking south of Jakarta from an investigation of seismic - Swasta
activity along the Baribis fault, northwestern Java, Indonesia. Sci
Rep 12, 10143 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-13896-6)
- Masyarakat
31
PENUTUP

32
 PENUTUP

Frekuensi dan Dampak Bencana mengancam jiwa, harta benda,

sosial, ekonomi dan infrastruktur;

Indonesia sebagai negara dengan risiko bencana tinggi harus

menerapkan kebijakan ”hidup bersama bencana”;

Manajemen bencana akan efektif dintegrasikan dalam kebijakan

dan perencanaan pembangunan an implementasi komunikasi
risiko;

Strategi komunikasi risiko harus mencakup: siklus manajemen

bencana, unsur komunikasi, faktor-faktor mempengaruhi,
komunikasi mendorong tindakan & melibatkan stakeholders.

33
TERIMA KASIH

34
 Wignyo Adiyoso
PERENCANA AHLI MADYA – PUSBINDIKLATREN BAPENAS

ORCID ID 000-0002-1821-2971 | Scopus ID 55871244100 | Sinta ID 6708827 |

JURNAL ID
WoS ResearcherID AAJ-7507-2020) | G Scholar j15rgWcAAAAJ

Chief Editor: JISDEP |Editor: SAGE OPEN, JPP & BWP Bappenas, & J-Sustain | Reviewer: Journal of
Natural Hazard (Scopus, Q1) & International Journal of Public Health (Scopus Q1), Springer;
International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction (Scopus Q1), Polish Journal of Environmental
PENGALAMAN
Studies (Scopus Q2), World Development (Scopus, Q1), Elsevier; SAGE Open (Scopus, Q2), SAGE;
PENGELOLAAN JURNAL
Journal of Asia Pacific View Point (Scopus Q2) and International Journal of Psychology (Scopus Q1),
Wiley-Blackwell; Journal of Frontier in Public Health (Scopus Q1), Frontiers; Journal of Public Sector
Innovations, Unesa; Good Governance, STIA LAN Jakarta.

S3 Kebijakan Publik, Ritsumeikan University Jepang | S2 Ilmu Sosial, La Trobe University Australia |
PENDIDIKAN
S1 Administrasi Publik, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang

ToF Rencana Kontijensi (BNPB Jakarta, 2020), Disaster Management (Ritsumeikan Jepang, 2019),
PELATIHAN Public Speaking (Jakarta, 2017), Human Capital Development (Rusia, 2016), Project Management
(Flinders, Australia 2015), Balance Scored Card (Jakarta, 2014), TOT JFP (Ritsumeikan Jepang,
2009), TOT PPP/KPBU (Roterdam, 2008)
Wignyo Adiyoso
Pusbindiklatren – Bappenas Now
Jl. Proklamasi No. 70, Jakarta Pusat Available!
Telp. (021) 31928280, 31929295

E-mail:
wignyo.adiyoso@gmail.com atau Buku dapat diperoleh di:
wadiyoso@gmail.com TB Gramedia, Gunung Agung, Sagung Seto, Petra
Togamas, Tokopedia, Bukalapak, Shopee, dll.
Atau hubungi langsung ke Penerbit
Bumi Aksara (Bapak Tarmizi: 0858 81690493).

36
SEGERA TERBIT!

BUKU
KOMUNIKASI RISIKO
PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA
ALAM DAN NON-ALAM
Oleh: Wignyo Adiyoso

37
 Daftar Paper atau Bacaan Terkait
1) Adiyoso, Wignyo (2022) Assessing Governments’ Emergency Responses to COVID-19 Outbreak Using a Social Network Analysis (SNA). SAGE Open Journal.
https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244021107110
2) Adiyoso, Wignyo (2021) Urgensi Pendekatan Multi dan Inter-disiplin Ilmu dalam Penanggulangan Bencana. Bappenas Working Paper. Vo. 4 No. 2 September
2021. https://doi.org/10.47266/bwp.v4i2.104
3) Adiyoso, W and Wilopo (2021) Social distancing intentions to reduce the spread of COVID-19: The extended theory of planned behavior. BMC Public Health
(2021) 21: 1836. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11884-5
4) Adiyoso, Wignyo (2020) Banjir besar di Jakarta awal 2020: penyebab dan saatnya mitigasi bencana secara radikal. The Converstation.
https://theconversation.com/banjir-besar-di-jakarta-awal-2020-penyebab-dan-saatnya-mitigasi-bencana-secara-radikal-129324
5) Adiyoso, Wignyo,(2019) Gempa Palu: mendesaknya evaluasi kebijakan mitigasi bencana, belajar dari Jepang. The Converstation.
https://theconversation.com/gempa-palu-mendesaknya-evaluasi-kebijakan-mitigasi-bencana-belajar-dari-jepang-104401
6) Adiyoso, W., dan Kanegae, H., (2018) Tsunami-Resilient Preparedness Index (TRPI) as a Key Step for Effective Disaster Reduction Intervention, In Sustainable
Future for Human Security: Society, Cities and Governance. Benjamin McLellan (ed.), Springer, Singapore. Link: http://bit.ly/tsunami_preparedness_index-
springer_wignyo
7) Adiyoso, W., dan Kanegae, H., (2017) Tsunami Resilient Preparedness Indicators: The Effects of Integrating Religious Teaching and Roles of Religious Leaders.
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Warning: Khusus 6,7 dan 8, karena terkait dengan hak cipta/jual penerbit, dilarang keras menyebarluaskan atau menggandakan
untuk kepentingan selain kepentingan penulisan karya tulis ilmiah. Silahkan dikutip sesuai dengan ketentuan. Terima kasih !!!
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Research, Vol.8 No.5, October 1st, 2013. http://www.fujipress.jp/finder/xslt.php?mode=present&inputfile=DSSTR000800050015.xml
12) Adiyoso, W., dan Kanegae, H., (2013) The preliminary study of the role of Islamic teaching in the disaster risk reduction (a qualitative case study of Banda
Aceh, Indonesia). Procedia Environmental Sciences , Elsevier,Vol. 17,pp. 918 – 927.
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Communication Media in Parangtritis Tourism Area, Yogyakarta. Procedia Environmental Sciences , Elsevier, Vol. 20,pp. 684 – 692.
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Indonesia. Disaster Mitigation of Cultural Heritage and Historic Cities, Vol. 6, Research Centre for Disaster Mitigation of Urban Cultural Heritage
(DMUCH), Ritsumeikan University, July 2012, pp. 165-172. ISSN: 1882-176. https://bit.ly/3mlxr1H
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Heritage (DMUCH), Ritsumeikan University, May 2013, pp. 7-26. ISSN: 1882-176. http://r-dmuch.jp/jp/results/heritagereports/dl_files/fy2012/02.pdf
16) Adiyoso, W., (2012) Pouring Money Into Recovery Instead of Preparedness Means Courting Calamity, The Jakarta Globe, Newspaper. March 16th, 2012.
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17) Adiyoso,W., Kanegae, H.,Denpaiboon, C., dan Chuwichean, M., (2011), Predicting schoolchildren’s protective behavior on tsunami in Phuket, Thailand.
Selected paper of the 6th Annual International Workshop & Expo on Sumatra Tsunami Disaster & Recovery 2011 in Conjunction with 4th South China Sea
Tsunami Workshop, Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center, November 22-24, 2011. ISSN:2086 3195.
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Sustainable Future for Human Security (SustaiN 2011), Kyoto University-Sustain Society, Japan, October 8-104, 2011. ISSN: 1884-8850. http://sustain-
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19) Adiyoso,W. (2010), Participative Planning in a Community Development Project in Indoensia. Proceeding of the 1st International Conference on
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