Karakteristik Dioda

1
A. Kompetensi dasar.
Mahasiswa dapat :
 Mengetahui cara kerja dioda semikonduktor.
 Dapat mengetahi karakteristik diode.
 Dapat menganalisa perbedaan kondisi dioda pada rangkaian forward
dan reverse

B. Peralatan yang digunakan.

1. Project board.
2. Kabel seperlunya.
3. Multimeter.
4. Dioda semikonduktor dan resistor.
5. Power suplay

C. Materi
Dioda adalah salah satu komponen semikonduktor yang mempunyai sifat
hanya mampu mengalirkan arus satu arah saja. Dioda disusun dari
sambungan P dan N, dimana pada satu sisi terdapat sisi P dan sisi yang
lain terdapat sisi N, hal ini lah yang menyebabkan dioda hanya mampu
mengalirkan arus satu arah saja.
Pada sisi P di dioda banyak terbentuk hole-hole yang siap menerima
elektron sedangkan pada sisi N terdapat banyak elektron-elektron yang siap
dilepaskan, jika diberi bias positif atau dengan kata lain memberi tegangan
potensial disisin P lebih besar dari sisi N maka elektron-eletron pada sisi N
akan segera mengisi hole-hole pada sisi P.

D. Prosedur praktikum.
Mengukur Dioda dengan Ohmmeter
1. Atur posisi selektor multimeter pada pengukuran Ohm.

KARAKTERISTIK DIODA | 1
 PRAKTIK RANGKAIAN ELEKTRONIKA 1

2. Pasangkan probe merah (+) pada kaki anoda dioda dan probe hitam (-)
pada kaki katoda dioda.
3. Perhatikan resistansi dioda yang terbaca pada Ohmmeter.
4. Tukarkan posisi probe Ohmmeter, probe merah (+) pada kaki katoda
dioda dan probe hitam (-) pada kaki anoda dioda.
5. Baca nilai resistansi dioda yang terukur pada Ohmmeter.
6. Lakukan percobaan di atas pada dioda yang lain.
7. Catat hasil percobaan pada tabel.

Nomer Resistansi (Ohm) Resistansi (Ohm)

Dioda (Probe + pd anoda, Probe – pd (Probe + pd katoda, Probe – pd
katoda) anoda)

1N 4002

1N 4004

Forward bias.
a. Buatlah rangkaian dioda seperti gambar 1.1.
b. Berikan tegangan mulai dari 0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, dan 10 volt.
Ukur besar tegangan dan arus pada dioda untuk setiap tegangan
sumber yang diberikan.

Gambar 1.1. Rangkaian forward dioda.

KARAKTERISTIK DIODA | 2
 PRAKTIK RANGKAIAN ELEKTRONIKA 1

c. Tuliskan data hasil percobaan pada tabel di bawah ini

Vsumber (Volt) VD (Volt) ID (Ampere)

0
0,3
0,5
0,7
0,9
1
2
4
8
10

d. Dari data hasil pengamatan, gambarkan kurva hubungan antar arus

dioda terhadap tegangan dioda pada lembar yang telah disediakan dan
berikan kesimpulan

Gambar kurva Forward Bias

KARAKTERISTIK DIODA | 3
 PRAKTIK RANGKAIAN ELEKTRONIKA 1

Kesimpulan:
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................

KARAKTERISTIK DIODA | 4
 PRAKTIK RANGKAIAN ELEKTRONIKA 1

Reverse bias.
a. Buatlah rangkaian dioda seperti gambar 1.2.

Gambar 1.2. Rangkaian reverse dioda

b. Berikan tegangan mulai dari 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, dan 30 volt.
Ukur besar tegangan dan arus pada dioda untuk setiap tegangan
sumber yang diberikan.
c. Tuliskan data hasil percobaan pada tabel dibawah ini
Vsumber (Volt) VD (Volt) ID (Ampere)
0
5
10
15
20
22
24
26
28
30

d. Dari data hasil pengamatan, gambarkan kurva hubungan antar arus

dioda terhadap tegangan dioda pada lembar yang telah disediakan dan
berikan kesimpulan

KARAKTERISTIK DIODA | 5
 PRAKTIK RANGKAIAN ELEKTRONIKA 1

Gambar Kurva reverse bias

Kesimpulan:
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................

KARAKTERISTIK DIODA | 6
 PRAKTIK RANGKAIAN ELEKTRONIKA 1

D. Tugas.
1. Jelaskan apa yang dimaksud dengan tegangan breakdown, tegangan
knee, forward bias dan reverse bias ?

Jawab:
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................

2. Apa saja fungsi dari diode yang anda ketahui?

Jawab:
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................

KARAKTERISTIK DIODA | 7