BUKU JAWABAN UJIAN (BJU)

UAS TAKE HOME EXAM (THE)

SEMESTER 2020/21.1 (2020.2)

Nama Mahasiswa : YUSUF SABANSYAH

Nomor Induk Mahasiswa/NIM : 042551349

Tanggal Lahir : 15-11-1999

Kode/Nama Mata Kuliah : ADBI 4201

Kode/Nama Program Studi : MANAJEMEN

Kode/Nama UPBJJ : 21 JAKARTA

Hari/Tanggal UAS THE : 20-12-2020

Tanda Tangan Peserta Ujian

Petunjuk

1. Anda wajib mengisi secara lengkap dan benar identitas pada cover BJU pada halaman ini.
2. Anda wajib mengisi dan menandatangani surat pernyataan kejujuran akademik.
3. Jawaban bisa dikerjakan dengan diketik atau tulis tangan.
4. Jawaban diunggah disertai dengan cover BJU dan surat pernyataan kejujuran akademik.

KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN DAN KEBUDAYAAN

UNIVERSITAS TERBUKA
 Surat Pernyataan
Mahasiswa
Kejujuran Akademik

Yang bertanda tangan

di bawah ini:

Nama Mahasiswa : YUSUF SABANSYAH

NIM : 042551349

Kode/Nama Mata Kuliah : ADBI 4201

Fakultas : FE

Program Studi : MANAJEMEN

UPBJJ-UT : 21 JAKARTA

1. Saya tidak menerima naskah UAS THE dari siapapun selain mengunduh dari aplikasi THE
pada laman https://the.ut.ac.id.
2. Saya tidak memberikan naskah UAS THE kepada siapapun.
3. Saya tidak menerima dan atau memberikan bantuan dalam bentuk apapun dalam
pengerjaan soal ujian UAS THE.
4. Saya tidak melakukan plagiasi atas pekerjaan orang lain (menyalin dan mengakuinya
sebagai pekerjaan saya).
5. Saya memahami bahwa segala tindakan kecurangan akan mendapatkan hukuman sesuai
dengan aturan akademik yang berlaku di Universitas Terbuka.
6. Saya bersedia menjunjung tinggi ketertiban, kedisiplinan, dan integritas akademik
dengan tidak melakukan kecurangan, joki, menyebarluaskan soal dan jawaban UAS THE
melalui media apapun, serta tindakan tidak terpuji lainnya yang bertentangan dengan
peraturan akademik Universitas Terbuka.

Demikian surat pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sesungguhnya. Apabila di kemudian hari
terdapat pelanggaran atas pernyataan di atas, saya bersedia bertanggung jawab dan menanggung
sanksi akademik yang ditetapkan oleh Universitas Terbuka.

JAKARTA, 20-12-2020

Yang Membuat Pernyataan

YUSUF SABANSYAH
NOMOR SATU (1)

The business cycle is also known as the economic cycle or trade cycle. In simple terms, the business
cycle can be interpreted as a series of economic conditions that occur repeatedly, constantly, and
regularly in a certain period. Although repetitive, the length of the business cycle cannot be
predicted or determined with certainty.

The fact that business cycles move in natural phases doesn’t mean they can’t be influenced.
Countries can and do try to manage the various stages, slowing them down or speeding them up,
using monetary policy and fiscal policy. Fiscal policy is carried out by the government and monetary
policy is carried out by a nation’s central bank.

For example, when an economy is in a contraction, particularly a recession, governments use

expansionary fiscal policy, which consists of increasing expenditures on projects or cutting taxes.
These moves provide increased levels of disposable income that consumers can spend, which in turn
stimulates economic growth.

If an economy is growing too fast, governments will employ a contractionary monetary policy, which
involves cutting spending and increasing taxes. This reduces the amount of disposable income to
spend, slowing things down. To employ a contractionary monetary policy, a central bank will
increase interest rates, making borrowing more expensive and therefore spending money less
attractive.

NOMOR DUA (2)

The first movers are the first companies to market a product or service. Companies build a demand
and markets, before other companies enter and start to follow. The first mover advantage mean
enables a business to establish strong brand recognition and product or service loyalty before other
entrants to the market.

First movers can make their technology, product or services harder for later entrants to replicate.
For example, if the first mover can reduce the costs of producing a product. First mover have the
ability to control strategic and scarce resources

And also first movers may enjoy is buyer switching costs. If the first business is able to establish itself
firmly, it may be inconvenient for consumers to switch to a new brand later.

NOMOR TIGA (3)

Human capital is very important for a country why? Because Human Capital is the economic value
which measure the ability and quality of workforce that affects productivity. Then, if it is described
more broadly, human capital is all knowledge, expertise, skills, and creativity that are manifested in
work abilities, that can be used to produce professional services and economic value.

With all the knowledge, skills and creativity, a Human can run a business, industry and other
productive activities, which will have a massive impact on the country economic. Which will
determine whether the country will develop in the future or not. And also can be use as indicator
whether a country has quality human resources or not.

In my opinion the main reason why human capital is very important for a country is because humans
play a major role in the economy of a country. With inflammatory activities, and the productivity he
does every day will increase income for the country. Which is my point of view from the economic
sector of a country

And other reasons why human capital is very important for a country because, Human capital plays
a very strategic role in supporting the competitiveness of a country or region. Such as with good
human capital strength can make foreign investment flows to invest in a country, because investors’
confidence in the strength of the country’s human capital, and make the country able to compete
with other countries that continue to innovate for their respective future.

So the conclusion that I take is, Human Capital plays an important role in economic growth and
development as a production factor other than natural resources. The better quality of human
beings will have an effect on the higher the efficiency and productivity of a country. So that, it can
increase economic growth and development.

NOMOR EMPAT (4)

Laissez-faire policy is a political ideological concept that rejects the practice of government
intervention in the economy. The reason for the rejection is because the state is seen as an obstacle
to economic growth and development. The basic ideas contained in the laizzes faire itself are

- The economy should work based on the forces of supply and demand. Both represent consumer
and business interests. Therefore, the intersection of supply and demand will produce the best for
individuals and businesses

- The private-enterprise economy is the best because it is most efficient at allocating resources. For
Private ownership of a resource and complete freedom to use it creates a strong incentive to take
risks and work hard.

- The economy should be free from government interference. Intervention tends to harm either
party, whether consumer or business. That in turn leads to socially suboptimal benefits.
- The government’s job is only to ensure that market systems and mechanisms work. For example,
through enforcement of property ownership. Income or wealth distribution policies should not exist
because individuals work hard to produce what is best for them.

- International trade must operate freely. The state must not impede this through a number of
protective policies, such as tariffs and subsidies.

Here is my example for Laissez-faire , let’s say I have a company that I named as Sabansyah Mining
Corporation. My company is a company engaged in mining. During 10 years of my company has
been operating, I have always paid taxes in time by following the government regulations, and also
have always followed the existing regulations by the government. However, one time the
government suddenly raised taxes on all existing mining sectors, and required all mining sectors to
have special supervisors brought in by the government to supervise, and take over control of the
production flow carried out by my company. That is a case example that I think about this laissez-
faire policy

Thank You.