DOSEN PEMBIMBING :
KELOMPOK 2
M. BINTANG (2300874201021)
PANJI (2300874201014)
GENDUT (2300874202017)
ILMU HUKUM
FAKULTAS HUKUM
UNIVERSITAS BATANGHARI
2023
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
MPR adalah lembaga negara. Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR), sekarang ini
bukan lagi merupakan lembaga tertinggi negara. Ia adalah lembaga negara yang sederajat
dengan lembaga negara lainnya. Dengan tidak adanya lembaga tertinggi negara maka tidak
ada lagi sebutan lembaga tinggi negara dan lembaga tertinggi negara. Semua lembaga yang
disebutkan dalam UUD 1945 adalah lembaga negara.
1.3. TUJUAN
1. Agar dapat mengetahui sejarah terbentuknya MPR.
2. Untuk mengetahui pengertian MPR.
3. Untuk mengetahui tugas MPR.
BAB II
PEMBAHASAN
Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR) sebagai majelis wakil rakyat yang namanya
sudah tak asing dalam kelembagaan Indonesia. Lembaga MPR sudah ada sejak merdekanya
negara ini. Pada awal disahkannya UUD 1945 tanggal 18 Agustus 1945 MPR dalam susunan
kelembagaan negara memiliki posisi sebagai lembaga tertinggi negara. Sebagai lembaga
tertinggi negara saat itu MPR ditetapkan dalam UUD 1945 sebagai pemegang kedaulatan
rakyat.
Masa Orde Lama (1945-1965) MPR belum dapat dibentuk secara utuh pada masa orde
lama karena situasi saat itu tidak mendukung. Hal tersebut telah diantisipasi para pejuang
kemerdekaan dengan dibuat Pasal 4 aturan Peralihan UUD RI 1945 sebelum Amandemen
yang berbunyi: "Sebelum Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat dan
Dewan Pertimbangan Agung dibentuk menurut Undang-Undang Dasar ini, segala
kekuasaannya dijalankan Oleh Presiden dengan bantuan sebuah Komite Nasional".
Setelah reformasi, MPR bukan Iagi lembaga tertinggi negara. MPR menjadi lembaga
negara yang kedudukannya sejajar dengan lembaga-lembaga negara lainnya. Perubahan UUD
telah menata ulang posisi lembaga-lembaga negara. Kedudukan, fungsi dan wewenang MPR
yang dianggap tidak sejalan dengan pelaksanaan prinsip-demokrasi dan kedaulatan rakyat
akhirnya diubah. Tujuannya agar sistem ketatanegaraan dapat berjalan maksimal.
Pasal 1 ayat (2) yang semula berbunyi: "Kedaulatan adalah di tangan rakyat, dan
dilakukan sepenuhnya oleh Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat", setelah perubahan UUD
bunyinya menjadi: "Kedaulatan berada di tangan rakyat dan dilaksanakan menurut Undang-
Undang Dasar." Dengan demikian pelaksanaan kedaulatan rakyat sepenuhnya melalui cara-
cara dan oleh berbagai lembaga negara yang ditentukan oleh UUD 1945.
MPR adalah lembaga negara. Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR), sekarang ini
bukan lagi merupakan lembaga tertinggi negara. Ia adalah lembaga negara yang sederajat
dengan lembaga negara lainnya. Dengan tidak adanya lembaga tertinggi negara maka tidak
ada lagi sebutan lembaga tinggi negara dan lembaga tertinggi negara. Semua lembaga yang
disebutkan dalam UUD 1945 adalah lembaga negara.
3.1. KESIMPULAN
Dari makalah ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat Republik
Indonesia atau cukup disebut Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (disingkat MPR RI atau
MPR) adalah lembaga legislatif bikameral yang merupakan salah satu lembaga tinggi negara
dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Indonesia. Setelah amandemen UUD 1945, anggota MPR terdiri
dari anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat dan Dewan Perwakilan Daerah.
INTRODUCTION
1.1. BACKGROUND
The MPR is a state institution. The People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) is now no
longer the highest state institution. It is a state institution that is equal to other state
institutions. In the absence of the highest state institution, there is no longer the term high
state institution and highest state institution. All institutions mentioned in the 1945
Constitution are state institutions.
1.3. OBJECTIVE
1. In order to know the history of the formation of the MPR.
2. To understand the meaning of MPR.
3. To find out the duties of the MPR.
CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
Since the proclamation of independence was read on August 17 1945, the Indonesian
nation began its historical journey as a nation that was still young in forming a government.
Indonesia is still young in formulating government, politics and state administration. With
Pancasila as the basis of the state and a pre-Amendment 1945 Constitution which was
enacted the day after the proclamation, precisely on 18 August 1945 by the Preparatory
Committee for Indonesian Independence (PPKI).
Old Order Period (1945-1965) The MPR could not be fully formed during the Old Order
period because the situation at that time was not supportive. This had been anticipated by the
freedom fighters by making Article 4 of the Transitional Regulations on the 1945
Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia before the Amendment which read: "Before the
People's Consultative Assembly, the People's Representative Council and the Supreme
Advisory Council are formed according to this Constitution, all their powers are exercised by
the President with the assistance of a National Committee".
The people who felt betrayed by the G-30-S/PKI incident then hoped for President
Soekarno's accountability. However, President Soerkarno's accountability speech which was
entitled 'Nawaksara" did not produce the results expected by the MPRS as the giver of the
mandate. The MPRS's dissatisfaction was expressed in MPRS Decree Number 5 of 1966
which asked the President to perfect the accountability speech.
After reform, the MPR is no longer the highest state institution. The MPR is a state
institution whose position is equal to other state institutions. Changes to the Constitution have
reorganized the position of state institutions. The position, function and authority of the MPR
which were considered inconsistent with the implementation of democratic principles and
popular sovereignty were finally changed. The goal is so that the constitutional system can
run optimally.
Article 1 paragraph (2) which originally read: "Sovereignty is in the hands of the people,
and is exercised entirely by the People's Consultative Assembly", after the amendment to the
Constitution it became: "Sovereignty is in the hands of the people and is implemented
according to the Constitution." In this way, the full implementation of popular sovereignty is
carried out through the methods and by various state institutions determined by the 1945
Constitution.
The MPR is a state institution. The People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) is now no
longer the highest state institution. It is a state institution that is equal to other state
institutions. In the absence of the highest state institution, there is no longer the term high
state institution and highest state institution. All institutions mentioned in the 1945
Constitution are state institutions.
The People's Consultative Assembly of the Republic of Indonesia or simply called the
People's Consultative Assembly (abbreviated as MPR RI or MPR) is a bicameral legislative
institution which is one of the highest state institutions in the Indonesian constitutional
system. After the amendment to the 1945 Constitution, MPR members consisted of members
of the People's Representative Council and Regional Representative Council.
CLOSING
3.1. CONCLUSION
From this paper it can be concluded that the People's Consultative Assembly of the
Republic of Indonesia or simply called the People's Consultative Assembly (abbreviated as
MPR RI or MPR) is a bicameral legislative institution which is one of the highest state
institutions in the Indonesian constitutional system. After the amendment to the 1945
Constitution, MPR members consisted of members of the People's Representative Council
and Regional Representative Council.
In the meeting of the Constitution Drafting Committee, Soepomo said that the
"Consultative Body" was changed to the "People's Consultative Assembly" with the
assumption that this assembly was the incarnation of the entire Indonesian people, whose
members consisted of all the people's representatives, all regional representatives. , and all
group representatives. This conception of the People's Consultative Assembly was finally
established in the PPKI Session at the ratification of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of
Indonesia (pre-Amendment).