SOAL 3
RESPON STRUKTUR AKIBAT GEMPA PACOIMA
Diketahui :
g = 980 cm/dt2 L =5m
q1 = 2,5 t/m H1 = 4 m
q2 = 2,5 t/m H2 = 3 m
q3 =3 t/m H3 = 3 m
Fc' = K – 250 = 250 kg/cm² E = 4700 x √ fc '
= 250 x 0,083 = 4700 x √ 20 ,75
= 20,75 Mpa = 21409,51 Mpa
Penyelesaian :
1. Menentukan Berat Beban Gravitasi (W)
W1 = ( q1 x L) = 2,5 x 5 = 12,5 t = 12500 kg
W2 = (q2 x L ) = 2,5 x 5 = 12,5 t = 12500 kg
W3 = ( q3 x L) = 3 x 5 = 15 t = 15000 kg
w 1 12500
M1 = = = 12,76 kg.dt2/cm
g 980
w 2 12500
M2 = = = 12,76 kg.dt2/cm
g 980
w 3 15000
M3= = = 15,30 kg.dt2/cm
g 980
Dimensi Kolom
h = 50
b = 60
= 625000 cm4
5. Menentukan Kekakuan Tingkat
12 x E x I
K1 = 3
h1
12 x 21409 ,51 x 625000
= 3
400
= 2508,93 kg/cm
Tiap tingkat ada 2 kolom = 2 x 2508,93 = 5017,85 kg/cm
12 x E x I
K2 = 3
h2
12 x 21409 ,51 x 625000
= 3
300
= 5947,09 kg/cm
Tiap tingkat ada 2 kolom = 2 x 5947,09 = 11894,17 kg/cm
12 x E x I
K3 = 3
h3
Freebody Diagram :
Model Matematik :
[ ][ ][ ] [ ][]
m1 0 0 y1 (K 1+ K 2) −K 2 0 y1 0
0 m2 0 + y 2 + −K 2 K 2+ K 3 −K 3 + y 2 = 0
0 0 m3 y3 0 −K 3 K3 y3 0
Normalisasi terhadap m = 36,48 dt2 /cm dan k = 8840,80 kg/cm :
Maka matriks massa dan matriks kekakuan struktur 3 DOF diatas adalah sebagai
berikut
[ ] [ ]
m1 0 0 1 0 0
[ M ]= 0 m 2 0 = [ M ] = 0 1 0
0 0 m3 0 0 2
[ ]
(K 1+ K 2) −K 2 0
[ K ]= −K 2 K 2+ K 3 −K 3
0 −K 3 K3
[ ]
3 ,37 K −2 ,37 K 0
= −2 ,37 K 4 , 74 K −2 , 37 K
0 −2 ,37 K 2 , 37 K
Persamaan Eigen problem yang dapat disusun adalah
[ ] [ ] []
3 ,37 K −1 ɷ2 m −2 , 37 K 0 Ø1 0
2
−2 , 37 K 4 ,74 K−1 ɷ m −2 ,37 K + Ø2 = 0
0 −2 , 37 K 2 , 37 K−2 ɷ m2 Ø3 0
[ ]
2
1ɷ
3 ,37 K − −2 , 37 K 0
k /m
[ ] []
Ø1 0
1 ɷ2
−2 ,37 K 4 ,74 K − −2 ,37 K + Ø2 = 0
k /m Ø3 0
2
2ɷ
0 −2 , 37 K 2 ,37 K −
k /m
2
ɷ
Apabila λ =
k /m
[ ] [ ] []
3 ,37−1 λ −2 , 37 0 Ø1 0
−2, 37 4 ,74−1 λ −2, 37 + Ø 2 = 0
0 −2 , 37 2 ,37−2 λ Ø3 0
Persamaan sederhana :
(3 , 37−1 λ ) Ø1 −2 , 37 Ø2 = 0 ................................(1)
−2 , 37 Ø1 + (4 , 74−1 λ ) Ø2 −2 , 37 Ø3 = 0 ................................(2)
−2 , 37 Ø2 + (2 , 37−2 λ ) Ø3 = 0 ................................(3)
Persamaan 2
Ø1 = 1 ; Ø2 = 1 , 42−0 , 42 λ
−2 , 37 Ø1 + (4 , 74−1 λ ) Ø2 −2 , 37 Ø3 = 0 .............................(2)
−2 , 37 (1) + (4 , 74−1 λ ) (1,42 – 0,4 λ) – 2 , 37 Ø3 =0
−2 , 37 + 6,74 – 2 λ – 1,42 λ + 0,42 λ2 – 2,37 Ø3 =0
4,37 – 3,42λ + 0,42 λ2 – 2,37 Ø3 =0
2,37 Ø3 = -4,37 + 3,42 λ – 0,42 λ2
Ø3 = 1,84 – 1,44 λ + 0,18 λ2
Persamaan 3
Ø1 = 1 ; Ø2 = 1 , 21−0 , 21 λ; Ø3 = 1,41 – 0,68 λ + 0,04 λ2
−2 , 37 Ø2 + (2 , 37−2 λ ) Ø3 = 0............................. (3)
√
λ 1 = 0,24 w 1= λ x k 1
m1
= √ 0 , 24 x
2508 , 93
12 ,76
= 6,87 rad/dt
√
λ 2 = 2,71 w 2= λ x k 2
m2
√
= 2 ,71 x
5947 , 09
12 ,76
= 35 , 54 rad/dt
√
λ 3 = 6,98 w 3= λ x k 3
m3
√
= 6 , 98 x
5947 , 09
15 , 31
= 52,07 rad/dt
[ ]
1 1 1
Ø = 1, 4 0 , 3 −0 ,3
1 , 6 −0 , 8 −0 ,1
[ ]
4 , 76
ɷ = 53 , 75
138 , 44
[ ]
1 0 0
P1 = [ 1 1 , 4 1 , 6 ] 0 1 0 . 12,76
0 0 2
= 54,52 kg.dt2/dt
[ ]
1 0 0
P2 = [ 1 0 , 3 −0 , 8 ] 0 1 0 . 12,76
0 0 2
= 4,65 kg.dt2/dt
[ ]
1 0 0
P3 = [ 1 −0 , 3 −0 , 1 ] 0 1 0 . 12,76
0 0 2
= -7,04 kg.dt2/dt
[ ][ ]
1 0 0 1
M1 = [ 1 1 , 4 1 , 6 ] 0 1 0 1, 4 . 12,76
0 0 2 1 ,6
= 75,36 kg.dt2/cm
[ ][ ]
1 0 0 1
M2 = [ 1 0 , 3 −0 , 8 ] 0 1 0 0 , 3 . 12,76
0 0 2 −0 , 8
= 22,62 kg.dt2/cm
[ ][ ]
1 0 0 1
M3 = [ 1 −1 , 03 −0 ,1 ] 0 1 0 −0 , 3 . 12,76
0 0 2 −1 , 1
= 31,5 kg dt2/cm