BATUAN INDUK
1. KEKAYAAN
MATERIAL
ORGANIK
Techniques to determine
organic carbon
1. Carmhograph
2. LECO carbon analyzer
3. Rock-Eval pyrolysis (REP)
Carmhograph C-16-D
Waples, 1985
Buruk
0,0 0,5
0,00,2
Sedang
0,5 1,0
0,20,5
Baik
1,0 2,0
0,51,0
Sangat baik
2,0 5,0
1,02,0
Istimewa
>5,0
> 2,0
2. TIPE
MATERIAL
ORGANIK
Four basic
parameters:
S1
S2
S3
Tmax
Descriptio TOC
n
(%)
Source
rock
2.60
S1
S2
S3
Tmax
(oC)
PI
HI
OI
0.8
9
18.0
1
0.8
9
440
0.0
5
69
2
34
S3
S2
S1
Description
TOC
(%)
S1
Out-of-place
15.0
hydrocarbon 2.85
5
s
bimodal
S2
S2
S3
3.48 6.95
Tmax
(oC)
421
PI
HI
OI
Generation
Potential
(S1+S2) (mg/g)
Poor
<2
Fair
2-6
Good
>6
HYDROGEN INDEX
(HI)
S2/TOC x 100
S3/TOC x
100
OXYGEN INDEX
(OI)
Silurian-Devonian,
AlgeriaLibya
Upper Cretaceous,
Douala
Basin
Others
Kerogen tipe IV
Terdiri dr material yg teroksidasi yg berasal dr berbagai sumber,
mengandung sejumlah besar oksigen
Terdiri dari aromatik & mempunyai kandungan hidrogen rendah,
biasanya tidak menghasilkan hidrokarbon.
Kerogen
Type
Maceral
Alginite
I
Amorphous
Kerogen
Aquatic
II
Exinite
Terrestrial
III
IV
Vitrinite
Inertinite
Origin
Hydrocarbon
Potential
Algal bodies
Structureless
debris of algal
origin
Structureless,
plankonic
material,
primarily of
marine origin
Oil
Skins of spores
and pollen,
Cuticle of leaves
and herbaceous
plant
Fibrous and
woody plant
fragments and
structureless,
colloidal humic
matter
Oxidized,
recycled woody
None
Mainly Gas
3. KEMATANGAN
MATERIAL
ORGANIK
Tmaks
( C)
PI
(S1/S1+S2
)
< 435
< 0,10
Early
435 - 445
0,10 - 0,15
Peak
445 - 450
0,25 - 0,40
Late
450 - 470
> 0,40
Post Mature
> 470
Immature
Mature
Ro (%)
0,2 - 0,6
Mature
Early
0,6 - 0,65
Peak
0,65 - 0,9
Late
0,9 - 1,35
Zeiss AxioImager
Courtesy
of USGS
Correlation table of
common organic
maturation parameters
with coal rank and
hydrocarbon
generation (Sanftle
and Landis, 1991).
?
10
15
Bakken
Shale
0.2
0.3
0.5
1.0
2.0
Devonian Early
Jurassic
3.0
Vitrinite Reflectance
(%Ro)
An example of VR suppression in a well-profile (from Price and Barker,
1985).
Data from a 70 m of Pa
coal seam (Bostick (1986)
These coals should have
the same maturity (Ro)
Hydrogen index (HI) is a
factor affecting Ro
Ro
terukur
Ro
terkoreksi
4. EKSPULSI
(MIGRASI
PRIMER)
5. QUANTITATIVE
(VOLUMETRIC)
MODELS (WAPLES,
1985)
TOC
Kerogen
gas.
Kerogen
gas.
Kerogen
gas.
Kerogen
gas.
tipe I
tipe II
tipe II/III
tipe III
TERIMAKASIH
KARAKTER SAMPEL
Korelasi
1. Analisis Bitumen & oil
Ekstraksi
Kromatograf Kolom
Kromatograf Gas
Penyaringan
Molekuler
GC-MS
2. Analisis Gas
Bordenave, 1993