Sistem Linear Time Invariant
Sistem Linear Time Invariant
Metoda Langsung
Konvolusi
Persamaan Beda (Difference Equation)
Sistem LTI :
y( n ) a k y( n k )
k 1
b x (n k )
k 0
Persamaan Beda
{ak} dan {bk} parameter-parameter konstanta
tidak tergantung pada x(n) atau y(n)
c x
k
y k (n ) T[ x k (n )]
(n )
c x
y(n ) T[ x (n )] T
c T[x
k
(n )]
(n )
c y
k
(n )
x ( n ) ( n k ) x ( k ) ( n k )
x (n )
x ( k ) ( n k )
x ( k ) ( n k )
k 1
Respon impuls
x ( k ) ( n k )
y(n ) T[ x (n )] T
x (k )(n k )
x (k )T[(n k )]
x (k )h (n , k )
Sistem time-invariant :
h (n ) T [(n )]
h (n k ) T [(n k )]
x ( k )( n k )
y( n )
x (k )h (n k )
Konvolusi
KONVOLUSI (4 operasi)
Operasi folding
h (k )
Operasi shifting
h (k )
Operasi perkalian
x (k ) h (n k )
Operasi penjumlahan
h (k )
x (k )h (n, k )
h (n k )
y( n )
x (k )h (n k ) v
(k )
y( n )
x (k )h (n k )
y ( 0)
x (k )h (k )
v 0 (k ) x (k )h (k )
y ( 0)
v (k ) 4
x (k )h (n k )
y( n )
y(1)
x(k )h (1 k )
v1 (k ) x (k )h (1 k )
y(1)
v (k ) 8
y( n )
x (k )h (n k )
y(1)
x (k)h (1 k )
v 1 ( k ) x ( k ) h ( 1 k )
y(1)
(k ) 1
y( n )
x (k )h (n k )
mnk
k nm
y( n )
x ( n m) h ( m)
y( n )
x (n k )h (k )
x (n k )h (k ) h (n k ) x (k )
h (n ) a u (n ), a 1
n
x (n ) u (n )
Jawab :
h(k) tetap, x(k) yang di folding dan digeser menjadi x(n - k)
y( n )
x (n k )h (k )
y(0) 1
y(1) 1 a
y(2) 1 a a 2
n 1
1 a
y( n ) 1 a a a
1 a
2
3 2 1
bila inputnya :
1 2 2 1 1
Jawab :
y(n ) 3 8 11 9 7 3 1
1 1 0 1
bila inputnya :
1 2 2 3
Jawab :
y(n ) 1 3 4 6 5 2 3
SIFAT-SIFAT KONVOLUSI
Komutatif
x(n)
h(n)
x (n ) h (n ) h (n ) x (n )
h(n)
y(n)
x(n)
y(n)
Asosiatif [ x (n ) h1 (n )] h 2 (n ) x (n ) [h1 (n ) h 2 (n )]
x(n)
h1(n)
h2(n)
x(n)
y(n)
h(n) = h1(n)*h2(n)
y(n)
SIFAT-SIFAT KONVOLUSI
Asosiatif dan komutatif
x(n)
h1(n)
h2(n)
x(n)
x (n ) h (n ) h (n ) x (n )
y(n)
h2(n)
h1(n)
y(n)
Distributif
x (n ) [h1 (n ) h 2 (n )] x (n ) h1 (n ) x (n ) h 2 (n )
x(n)
h1(n)
+
h2(n)
y(n)
x(n)
h(n) = h1(n)+h2(n)
y(n)
1
h1 (n ) u ( n )
2
1
h 2 (n ) u (n )
4
Jawab :
h ( n ) h1 ( n ) h 2 ( n )
Asosiatif
h (n )
h (k )h
(n k )
(k )
1
h1 (n ) u (n )
2
1
h 2 (n ) u (n )
4
1 1
v n (k ) h1 (k )h 2 (n k )
2 4
n k
n0
h (n ) 0, n 0
k0
nk0
v n (k ) 0
h( n)
1
2
k 0
n
nk0
k
1
4
nk
(2 n 1 1)
1
4
1
v n (k ) 0
n n
k 0
2k
h (n ) 0,
y( n )
n 0 dan n M
M 1
h (k ) x (n k )
k 0
Sistem IIR
Infinite-duration Impuls Response
y( n )
h (k ) x (n k )
y( n o )
y( n o )
h (k ) x (n
k)
h (k ) x (n
k)
h (k ) x (n
k 0
k)
n0
Sistem Kausal
y( n )
k 0
h (k ) x (n k ) x (k )h (n k )
x(n) = 0, n < 0
k 0
h (k ) x (n k ) x (k )h (n k )
y( n )
k 0
k 0
h (k ) x (n k ) x (k )h (n k )
h (n ) a n u (n )
a 1
y( n )
k 0
k 0
h (k ) x (n k ) x (k )h (n k )
n
a
k 0
n 1
1 a
y( n )
1 a