TEKNIK SWITCHING
Telephone Telephone
Switch Switch
Telephone Telephone
Switch Switch
Telephone Telephone
Latar belakang sentral (switch terpusat)
Telephone Telephone
Pemborosan (inefisien) :
Utk n terminal, diperlukan n(n-1)/2 saluran
Contoh : utk 1000 sal perlu 499.500 saluran, sedangkan secara
statistik umumnya pada jam sibuk yg aktif sekitar 20% dari 1000.
Kompleksitas jaringan
Konsep dasar switching
Latar belakang sentral (switch terpusat)
SENTRAL
Telephone Telephone
(switch terpusat)
Telephone Telephone
Batere
Manual
Switch
board B
A
CB
Batere
LF 1st GS 1st GS FS
A switch switch switch switch B
Step-by-step
LF 1st GS 2nd GS FS
Switching ControlSet Control Set Control Set Control Set
Elektro
mekanik
A Crossbar Switch B
Otomat
Switching
A Network B
SPC Analog
INTERFACE
Elektronik CCU
A B
SPC Digital SN
CCU
Sentral Manual
.....
Calling Station, memulai dengan memberikan
suatu sinyal off-hook dengan cara :
Putar engkol (paling kuno) menyebabkan
terjadinya perubahan status ditandai dengan
bell di sentral
Angkat handset (sentral manual sudah Called Station
dilengkapi dengan line circuit)
Calling station station terhubung dengan
operator di inlet, terjadi komunikasi called
number
Outlet dikirim ringing tone oleh sentral
Terjadi hubungan inlet dan outlet oleh operator
Clearing calling station harus putar engkol
Operator
untuk memberi tahu operator supaya
memutuskan hubungan
inlet
Sentral
.....
.....
outlet
Batere
cord = switch
Manual Switch Board
Local Batere
X
Sentral Elektromekanik
out
switching
in
Komponen switch
outlet
Reed relay/crosspoint
Prinsip dasar reed relay
Contoh switch matrix 4 x 4
kumparan tabung glass
plat konduktor
Outlet
Inlet
Sebuah crosspoint
speech wire
In out
Simbol sbh crosspoint
Sebuah crosspoint
speech wire
In out
Reed relay/crosspoint
Komponen switch
Rele Termo
Rele Elektrostatis
Transistor
SCR
Crosspoint Switch
Crosspoint Switch
Sentral Elektronik
5. SPC analog
6. SPC digital
SPC Analog
Pada sistem step-by-step maupun crossbar, fungsi switching matrix dan
control elemets keduanya masih menggunakan komponen
elektromekanik.
Sistem electronic switch menggunakan stored program digital computer
untuk melakukan fungsi kontrol, sedangkan fungsi switching masih
elektromekanik.
SUBCRIBER SWITCHING
MODUL MODUL
ADMINISTRATION MODUL
SPC Digital Signaling (SS7) with users and
other exchanges
to other exchanges
PBX
ETC
Subscriber
stage Group Announcement
switch equipment Recorded
announcements:
Signaling faults/subscriber
equipment
services
Switch
Third-party Test/measure-
equipment ment equipment
Control
Traffic concentration - Charging Control system O&M HW
- Supplementary (IN) services
- Subscriber data, switch control
Header text/informasi
Gatekeeper
IP
Network
R
ISDN T T1/E1
PSTN R R PSTN
PRI T T
Gateway R
T
Gateway
Gateway
GR-317,
GR-394/444
(BICC)
2G/3G/Wireless Access
ATM UNI
Application Servers
Data Cable
IP Telephony (T-1000) Video Data
Transaction Services
VoDSL Mobility Manager
Fotonik Switch
Konsep : memory switch
Komponen : serat optic
Electronic Based >>> Optic Based
Prism based
Mirror based
Proses switch
Fotonik Switch
Acusto-optic switched Magneto-optic switched
Optic-optic switched
Selesai
Terima kacih ..