1. Biometry
2. Surgical skills
3. Application of principles of
phacodynamics
Basic functions of phaco machine
• Ultrasound emulsification
• Irrigation
• Aspiration
Foot pedal functions
• Perfect functioning of this pedal is crucial to
the success of the procedure
Foot pedal positions
Phaco comprises of 2 components
• Ultrasonic energy
• Fluidic circuits
Ultrasonic power
• Piezo electric
• Magnetosrictive
Figure 2-15. Magnetostrictlve transducer lengthen
when stimulated by magnetic field and springs bac
toward original length when the field ls terminated.
MAGNETOSTRICTIVE HAND PIECE PIEZOELECTRIC HAND PIECE
Silicon hub
• Jackhammer effect
• Acoustic waves
• Cavitation phenomena
Jack hammer effect
Acoustic shock
waves
Cavitations phenomena
Tortional ultrasound
A. Bottle height
.Fluidity of the eye
C.Evacuation pump
D. Exit fluid.
Aspiration systems
• Flow rate: quantity of fluid pulled from eye
per minute through irrigation tip.
Peristaltic Venturi
•Breaking of
vaccum
•Air venting
•Fluid venting
Venting system
• To break the vacuum
Air Fluid
high time delays for detecting low time delays detection for
vacuum change vacuum change
Area within the CCC margin where phaco can be done safely
csz
• I /A - Cortex removal
Parameter setting
• Stage of surgery
• Experience of the surgeon
• Machine characteristics
Sculpting
• Power- 60 - 70%
• AFR -16 - 20 ml/min
• Vacuum- 0 - 30 mm Hg
Segment / quadrant removal
• Power- 40 - 50%
• AFR -24 - 26 ml/min
• Vacuum -100 - 400 mm Hg
Epinucleus removal
• Power 10 - 30%
• AFR 26 - 30 ml/min
• Vacuum 200 - 400 mm Hg
Cortex removal
• Power- Zero
• AFR -24 - 26 ml/min
• Vacuum -400 mm Hg
Parameter settings
AFR VACCUM POWER BOTTLE
HEIGHT
Central 20-25/min 0-15mm Hg 60-70% 25cm
sculpting
Chopping 25-30/min 100- 50-60% 75cm
200mm Hg
Quadrant 25-30/min 100mm Hg 50% 65cm
removal
Epinucleus 30-35/min 70-100mm 10% 75cm
removal Hg
Cortex 25-30/min 400mmHg - 65cm
aspiration
Successful phaco…
• Know your machine!
• Supervised training
• Proper patient selection
References …
• MYRON & YANOFF DUKER’S
OPHTHALMOLOGY. 3rd edition
• Physical and mechanical principles of
phacoemulsification and their clinical
relevance L.Yow S Basti
Alcon Laboratories, Irvine, California, USA .IJO
• Phacoemulsification Agarwal .4th edition
• Phacodynamics-Barry S Seibel. 4th edition
TERIMA KASIH