Latar belakang
Sejarah singkat
Prinsip utama
Contoh sistem tertutup. Material dan energi digunakan dan di-daur ulang
pada sebuh sistem produksi yg tertutup.
Konsep kunci EI..
(5) Sistem linear (terbuka) vs sistem siklik (tertutup)
Biosphere Technosphere
•Environment
•Market
•Organism
•Company
•Natural Product
•Industrial Product
•Natural Selection
Prinsip EI •Competition
•Ecosystem
•Eco-Industrial Park
•Ecological Niche
•Market Niche
•Anabolism /
•Manufacturing / Waste
Catabolism
Management
•Mutation and
•Design for Environment
Selection
•Economic Growth
•Succession
•Innovation
•Adaptation
•Product Life Cycle
•Food Web
Prinsip EI
• IE examines societal issues and their relationship with both technical systems and
the environment.
• Through this holistic view , IE recognizes that solving problems must involve
understanding the connections that exist between these systems, various aspects
cannot be viewed in isolation.
• Often changes in one part of the overall system can propagate and cause changes
in another part.
• Thus, you can only understand a problem if you look at its parts in relation to the
whole. Based on this framework, IE looks at environmental issues with a systems
thinking approach.
• life cycle thinking is also a very important
principle in industrial ecology. It implies that all
environmental impacts caused by a product,
system, or project during its life cycle are taken
into account. In this context life cycle includes:
• Raw material extraction
Prinsip EI • Material processing
• Manufacture
• Material Use
• Maintenance
• Disposal of wastes.
• A final and important principle of IE is its
integrated approach or multidisciplinarity. IE
takes into account three different disciplines:
• social sciences (including economics),
• technical sciences and
Prinsip EI • environmental sciences.
This industrial park is special because companies reuse each others' waste (which then becomes by-
products). For example, the Energy E2 Asnæs Power Station produces gypsum as a by product of the
electricity generation process; this gypsum becomes a resource for the BPB Gyproc A/S which
produces plasterboards.
Apart from the direct benefit of incorporating waste into the loop, the use of an eco-industrial park
can be a means of making renewable energy generating plants, like Solar PV, more economical and
environmentally friendly. In essence, this assists the growth of the renewable energy industry and
the environmental benefits that come with replacing fossil-fuels.
Model
Ekosistem
Industri di
Denmark
Industri yang dapat diintegrasikan di Indonesia, antara lain perkebunan tebu,
industri gula, industri bioetanol, industri pulp dan kertas, industri pupuk, industri
semen, serta industri logam alkali.
Skema ekologi industri bioetanol
METODE ANALISIS DALAM EKOLOGI
INDUSTRI
People Planet Profit Modeling
•Stakeholder analysis
•Strength Weakness
Opportunities Threats •Environmental impact
Analysis (SWOT Analysis) assessment (EIA)
•Stock and flow
•Ecolabelling •Input-output analysis (IOA) •Cost benefit analysis (CBA)
analysis
•ISO 14000 •Life-cycle assessment (LCA) •Full cost accounting (FCA)
•Agent based
•Environmental •Material flow analysis (MFA) •Life cycle costing (LCC)
modeling
management system (EMS) •Substance flow analysis (SFA)
•Integrated chain •MET Matrix
management (ICM)
•Technology assessment
Salah satu contoh
diagram alir penggunaan
Material timbal (Pb)
berikut buangan ke
lingkungan air, udara
dan tanah.
Contoh, diagram alir
logam Pt dalam berbagai
sistem produksi.
Jejak
Arsenik…
Sumber daya yang digunakan dalam industri otomotif.