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Halaman ninety nine

Chapter 8
Explain This!
 N Kind of Purpose
o Texts

Introduction
1 Narrative To amuse/entertain the readers and to tell a
  story
2 Descriptive To describe a particular person, place or thing
  in detail.
3 Report To presents information about something, as it
  is.
Pada pertemuan kali ini, kita akan 4 Recount To retell something that happened in the past
membahas mengenai Explanation text. and to tell a series of past event

5 News Item To inform readers about events of the day

Explanation Text merupakan salah satu dari
13 jenis text. Pada tabel disamping, ia ada
di urutan no 7.
Explanation teks adalah teks yang
menjelaskan tentang proses terjadinya
suatu kejadian, mengapa bisa terjadi (Why)
dan bagaimana bisa terjadi (How). baik
kejadian alami maupun kejadian social.
which are considered newsworthy or important
6 Procedure To help readers how to do or make something
  completely
7 Explanation To explain the processes involved in the
formation or working of natural or socio-
cultural phenomena.
8 Analytical To reveal the readers that something is the
Exposition important case
 
9 Hortatory To persuade the readers that something
Exposition should or should not be the case or be done

Silahkan lihat contoh teks yang 10 Discussion To present information and opinions about
issues in more one side of an issue (‘For/Pros’
ada di page one hundred, and ‘Against/Cons’)
11 Review To critique or evaluate an art work or event for
menurut kalian, teks itu a public audience

termasuk kejadian alam atau 12 Anecdote To share with others an account of an unusual
or amusing incident
fenomena social? 13 Spoof To tell an event with a humorous twist and
entertain the readers
Pada halaman 101, explanation text dapat dikategorikan
menjadi 2 tipe:
Sequential Cause & Effect
Explanation Explanation
Adalah sebuah teks explanasi
Adalah sebuah teks explanasi
yang menghubungkan antara
yang menjelaskan tentang
sebab akibat mengapa kejadian
kejadian alami maupun tidak
bisa terjadi dan bagaimana
alami.
terjadinya.
Contohnya life cycles
Contohnya volcano
 The Structures
Explanation mempunyai 3 struktur utama, yaitu:
 General Statement
Berisi tentang informasi umum mengenai topik yang akan dibahas dalam teks.
 Explanation
Berisi serangkaian kejadian-kejadian (sequence of events) dari suatu proses
yang merupakan topik dari teks. Kita juga bisa menjelaskan dengan
menggunakan pertanyaan mengapa dan bagaimana, agar penjelasan yang kita
sampaikan lebih komprehensif.
 Closing
Bagian closing atau penutup bersifat pilihan atau tidak harus ada pada teks ini.
Bagian ini dapat berisi informasi tambahan atau opini penulis mengenai topik
yang dibahas.
 Cause & Effect
Example Explanation

Flooding

General Flooding is a disaster which commonly happens in large and densely populated cities. In
statement Indonesia, the floods hit Jakarta very often and cause many victims. Then, do you know the process of
how flood happens? Pay attention to the following explanation.

The process of natural flooding is preceded by rain which falls to the surface of the earth. Then the
rain water is absorbed by the ground surface and flows to the lower place. Once that condition
Explanation happens, evaporation and the water appear to the surface of the land. Flooding can be disastrous for
humans when floods happen in an area that people live because the water carries along objects like
houses, bridges, cars, furniture and even people.

On the other hand, the process of non natural flooding is usually caused by bad habits of humans
Explanation who do not care about the environment, such as littering that can make water flow clogged. This makes
the water deposited in landfills which gradually becomes more common. When water reservoirs can no
longer hold water discharge, the water then overflows out theland and cause flooding.

So if we already know the cause of flooding, we as a human have to maintain our behavior to not
Closing causing flooding. Because when that happen, it is us who will take the consequences.
Exercise!!!
Berikut ini adalah tugas pertama pada pertemuan kali ini yang harus kalian
kerjakan, kalian boleh mencari sumber lain selain dari file ini dan buku paket,
silahkan mencari sumber lain melalui internet agar wawasan kalian semakin
luas.
Tugasnya adalah:
Setelah slide ini, kalian dapat melihat 5 Explanation text berbeda yang akan
ditampilkan, setlah membaca dan memahami teks tersebut kalian diminta untuk:
a. Memberikan judul yang yang sesuai menurut kalian sendiri!
b. Menentukan struktur yang tepat pada tiap paragrafnya!
c. Menentukan type teksnya, apakah sequential explanation atau cause &
effect!!
d. Menjelaskan rangkuman isi teks menggunakan bahasa kalian sendiri, serta
menjelaskan mengapa kalian memilih sequential explanation atau cause &
effect!!
Text 1
In Indonesia, we are very familiar with the word " Tsunami ". This natural disaster has ever
killed thousands of lives in Banda Aceh a few years ago. Indonesia mourned, the world
mourned. Then, how the Tsunami happens? Here is a brief explanation of the process of how
the Asian tsunami happens.

Tsunamis can occur if there is a phenomenon which causes the displacement of large
amounts of water in the ocean, such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, landslides, and
meteors that fall to Earth. However, 90% of tsunamis is the result of underwater earthquakes.

Vertical movement in the Earth's crust in the bottom of the ocean causes a sudden up or
down movement of sea floor which then causes the water balance disorders above it. This
disturbance causes the occurrence of the flow of the massive sea water energy, that once it
reaches the shore, it becomes huge waves resulting Tsunami.

That is all the explanation that I can find about Tsunami, please pardon me if I ever make a
wrong statement in giving this information.
 Text 2
Rain is one of the main sources of fresh water for almost all people in the world. It provides suitable
conditions for diverse ecosystems.

It is also used as hydroelectric power plants and crop irrigation. But, do you know how rain happens?

The rain’s phenomenon is actually what we often call as “water circle.” The concept of the water cycle
involves the sun heating the Earth’s surface water and causing the surface water to evaporate. Then
the water vapor rises into the Earth’s atmosphere. 

The water in the atmosphere cools and condenses into liquid droplets. The droplets grow bigger and
heavier and fall to the earth as precipitation.

However, not all rain can reach the surface of the earth. Some evaporates while falling through dry air.
This is what we call as “virga”, a phenomenon which is often seen in hot, dry desert regions.

Rain is a gift from God, without rain land will be in dire condition of drought.
Text 3

The snowfall is always exciting, isn’t it? In the snowfall you can crunch through the snow,
make a snowman and play snowballs with your brother. Have you ever wondered how snow
is made, though?

Snow occurs when water vapors in the air freeze before they can turn into water. This
happens when the temperature in the clouds is very cold. Snowflakes are made up of
crystals of ice that have formed around bits of dirt in the air. The snowflakes start out very
small and grow. Each snowflake is different and might contain up to 200 crystals
 Text 4
    To grow into an adult, butterflies go through 4 stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult. Depending on the
type of butterfly, the life cycle of a butterfly may take anywhere from one month to a whole year.

A butterfly starts life as a very small, round, oval or cylindrical egg. The egg hatches and the young one
called larvae or caterpillar comes out of the egg.

The caterpillar first feeds on the egg shell from which it is born. It then starts feeding on the leaves and
starts to grow. Its exoskeleton (skin) does not stretch or grow, so it grows by “molting” (sheding the
outgrown skin) several times while it grows.

As soon as a caterpillar is done growing and it has reached its full length/weight, it forms itself into a
pupa, also known as a chrysalis. The pupa remains motionless in the chrysalis. In the chrysalis, the
pupa undergoes a series of changes.

After about 15 days, a beautiful adult butterfly emerges out of the chrysalis. When the butterfly comes
out, it’s wings are small and wet, then the butterfly pumps fluids into them to make them strong and to
expand.

After a few hours, the wings become strong enough and the butterfly is able to fly.
Text 5
The first digestive process takes place in the mouth. The food we eat is broken up into small
pieces by the action of teeth, mixed with saliva, a juice secreted by glands in the mouth.
Saliva contains digestive juice which moistens the food, so it can be swallowed easily.

From the mouth, food passes through the esophagus (the food passage) into the stomach.
Here, the food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach for several hours.
Then the food enters the small intestine. All the time the muscular walls of the intestine are
squeezing, mixing and moving the food onwards.

In a few hours, the food changes into acids. These are soon absorbed by the villi
(microscopic branch projections from the intestine walls) and passed into the bloodstream

Remember, don’t eat too much or our stomach will be hurt when processing all the food that
goes in our digestive system.
Cara Mengumpul Tugas
Silahkan dikerjakan secara individu menggunakan bahasa Indonesia, boleh dikerjakan di
buku atau kertas dan dikumpul ketika pertemuan dalam kelas.
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Selasa, 24 maret 2020 sampai hari Kamis 2 April 2020