(SIA) System
Sequential Injection Analysis (SIA) merupakan generasi
kedua dari teknik flow injection yang dikembangkan oleh
Ruzicka and Marshall sebagai salah satu metode
penanganan sampel (Ruzicka J, Marshall GD, 1990).
SIA memiliki cakupan yang agak berbeda dan itu menutupi
dua kelemahan terbesar dari FIA, yaitu: kebutuhan untuk
menggunakan manifold yang berbeda untuk menerapkan
setiap metode analisis dan kebutuhan untuk menggunakan
pompa peristaltik yang mahal
SIA adalah sederhana, fleksibel, mudah otomatis, sangat
berguna untuk menangani cairan.
SIA telah banyak digunakan dalam kombinasi dengan UV-
Vis spektrofotometri, elektrokimia, spektroskopi dan deteksi
luminesensi untuk tujuan seperti pemantauan bioproses,
immunoassay, dan lingkungan, makanan dan minuman,
obat, industri dan analisis chemometric.
Perbedaan SIA dengan Flow Injection Analysis
(FIA)
Jenis pompa, multiposition valve
Pengaturan sistem kerja dimana seluruh pengaturan SIA
dikendalikan oleh komputer (paraskevas,2012).
Pada mutiposition valve sia, terdapat beberapa channel yang
dihubungkan dengan sampel, reagen, mixing coil, limbah dan
detektor.
Pengaturan sistem mutiposition valve tersebut disesuaikan
dengan kebutuhan analisa sampel.
Sampel dan reagen dapat diinjeksikan masuk ke dalam sistem
SIA menggunakan jenis pompa dua arah (syringe pump).
Jenis pompa ini memliki kemampuan untuk menarik (aspirate)
dan mendorong (dispense) larutan.
Pada sistem SIA, sebuah holding coil ditempatkan antara pompa
dan multiposition valve yang berguna sebagai tempat
pemberhentian sementara sampel dan reagen
(paraskevas,2012).
Keuntungan sistem SIA dibanding FIA
Once the method has been developed, its analytical figures of merit can be determined. These include
Precision of the method. Usually 10 replicates of a sample with concentration at mid range are measured
and the %RSD (std deviation / mean expressed as a percentage)
Long term and inter-laboratory precision. A good measure of the day to day a repeatability of the method
and inter-laboratory repeatability provides a measure of the robustness of the method.
Linear range. Standards spanning the useful range of the method are measured and a linear regression
analysis is carried out. Goodness of fit as determined by the correlation coefficient r2 is frequently
calculated and found to be better than 0.98.
Detection limit. A common measure of detection limit is the concentration that corresponds to the signal
equal to 3 times the standard deviation of the detector baseline.
Determination limit. The determination limit is usually set at 10 times the standard deviation of the
detector baseline.
Measurement frequency. The number of measurements that can be carried out in an hour is quoted. When
quoting this figure, any sample preparation prior to injection into the SIA manifold should be reported
separately. This figure is derived from the time it takes the SIA instrument to do a single measurement.
The accuracy of the method is tested by comparing the results obtained by an independent technique or by the
analysis of certified reference materials.
Explore whether commonly occurring matrix elements interfere with the measurement
What can I do with SIA?
Trace enrichments
Dilution
Chemical masking
pH adjustment
Medium exchange miniature columns
Phase exchange using membrane sampling devices
Use of solid reagents
Titration
A wide range of detectors can be employed
with SIA. These include
UV, vis, and ir photometers
Fluorescence
Chemiluminescence
pH
Ion selective electrodes
Conductivity
Amperometry
Potentiometric stripping analysis
Other electrochemical techniques
Gambar : Sequential Injection System, C: Carrier, HC: Holding Coil, V1: multi-port
valve, D:Detector, S:Sample, Acid : HNO3, EGTA 6 X 10-3 Mol/L, o-cresolphthalein
solution (CPC) 0,02% (w/v) pH 10,5 , o-phenanthroline (phen) 0,025% (w/v), L1 & L2
transmission line, mw: microwave oven, b : digestion bomb, V2 : six-port valve, L3: line
gas out after digesting process end , DS : safety disk, W: waste