Kanadi Sumapradja
Departemen Obstetri dan Ginekologi
FKUI – RS Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo
Definisi menstruasi
Menstrual cycle
• Visible menstrual discharge
4 Hypothalamus
• Intact outflow tract
• Existence and development of the
endometrium lining 3 Pituitary
• Proper quantity and sequence of the
steroid hormones (E + P)
• Good follicle development, ovulation,
and corpus luteum function (Ovary) 2 Ovary
• Good stimuli which provided by the
sequence and magnitude of the
gonadotropins (FSH + LH)
• Good interactive complex mechanism 1 Genital organ
which released the GnRH
TARGE
MENSTRUASI
GONAD HORMON T
ORGAN
GnRH
HIPOTALAMUS
HIPOFISIS
FSH
LH
ESTROGEN
PROGESTERON
OVARIUM
ENDOMETRIUM
Struktur dan fungsi hipotalamus dan hipofisis
GnRH
HIPOTALAMUS
HIPOFISIS
FSH
LH
ESTROGEN
PROGESTERON
OVARIUM
ENDOMETRIUM
Hipotalamus
-
GnRH reseptor di hipofisis
Struktur dan fungsi ovarium
GnRH
HIPOTALAMUS
HIPOFISIS
FSH
LH
ESTROGEN
PROGESTERON
OVARIUM
ENDOMETRIUM
Gonadal development
Ovulasi
Rekrutmen kohort folikel
si
om inan
ksi -D
120 hari 71 hari Sele
2-5 mm
INITIAL RECRUITMENT
(Gonadotropin independen)
14 hari
+ 180 HARI
Antral
CYCLIC RECRUITMENT
Sekunder
ATRESIA (Gonadotropin dependen)
Primer CADANGAN
OVARIUM
Primordial
McGee E et al. Endocr Rev.
2000
Two cell two
systems
FSH MATURASI FOLIKEL LH
LDL
ESTROGEN PROGESTERON
FSH WINDOW
FOLIKEL
DOMINAN
PRESTIGMA OVULASI
ENZIM OOSIT
OTOT POLOS
EKSPANSI
KUMULUS
P
R
O
S
MATURASI
T
A KORPUS LUTEUM
G LONJAKAN
L
A LH
N
D
I
N
OVULA
SI
46
Pre-antral
follicle
46 Meiosis I
23
23
PB1
OVULASI
Antral
follicle
23
23 Meiosis II
PB2
FERTILISASI
CORPUS LUTEUM
Struktur dan fungsi endometrium
GnRH
HIPOTALAMUS
HIPOFISIS
FSH
LH
ESTROGEN
PROGESTERON
OVARIUM
ENDOMETRIUM
RESEPTOR ESTROGEN PROGESTERON
VASOKONSTRIKSI
VASODILATASI
MMP
EKSTRAVASASI DARAH
HEMATOMA
A. Spiralis sensitif
Lepasnya lapisan fungsional
terhadap hormon steroid
HAI
D
Hemostasis lokal endometrium
Prostaglandin
HAID STOP
Repair epitel