Kastraco Engineering
OLEH :
Kation : Anion :
• Kalsium • Hidroksida
• Magnesium • Chloride
• Besi • Bicarbonate
• Sodium • Carbonate
• Silicate
• Sulfate
PT. Kastraco Engineering
I. External Treatment/Pretreatment
Klarifikasi
Filtrasi
Pertukaran Ion : Softening/Demineralisasi
Reverse Osmosis
Deaerasi
II. Internal Treatment
Treatment untuk Boiler System
Treatment untuk Cooling System
PT. Kastraco Engineering
PT. Kastraco Engineering
PRETREATMENT
DENGAN RESIN PERTUKARAN ION DAN MEMBRANE
1) REVERSE OSMOSIS
2) SOFTENING
3) DEMINERALISASI
PT. Kastraco Engineering
Note:
% may vary based on
membrane type, water
pressure, temperature & TDS
PT. Kastraco Engineering
SOFTENING
a) Service
R-Na + Ca R-Ca + Na
R-Na + Mg R-Mg + Na
b) Backwash
c) Regenerasi
R-Ca + Na R-Na + Ca
R-Mg + Na R-Na + Mg
d) Rinsing / Pembilasan
PT. Kastraco Engineering
Proses Softening
Mg2+ HCO3-
Ca2+ NaCl 10%
Cl-
Na+ SO42-
SiO2
HCO3-
Na+ Cl-
SO42-
SiO2
PT. Kastraco Engineering
Kualitas Air
DEAERASI
Tipe :
1. Thermal Deaerator
PRESSURE DEAERATOR
Temperature
o
C Dissolved O2 ppm Sulphite ppm Sulphite Kg/day
Sel Korosi
Reduksi :
O2
O2 + 2H2O + 4e ----- 4OH-
Katodik
e-
Anodik
Fe2+ Oksidasi :
Fe ----- Fe2+ + 2e
PENYEBAB DEPOSIT
Boiler Water
Tube Metal
Boiler Water
Scale
Tube Metal
kk--metal
metal==very
verylarge
large--good
goodconductor
conductorof
ofheat
heat
k’k’--scale
scale==very
verysmall
small--poor
poorconductor
conductorof
ofheat
heat
PT. Kastraco Engineering
CARRY OVER
Penyebab :
1. Faktor Kualitas Air Boiler
TDS over limit
Organik, misalnya minyak/lemak
2. Faktor Operasional
Level air di steam drum tinggi
Steam load meningkat secara mendadak
3. Faktor Mekanik
Kerusakan peralatan
PT. Kastraco Engineering
CARRY OVER
PENCEGAHAN KOROSI
PENCEGAHAN DEPOSIT
PROGRAM PHOSPHATE-BASED
PENGONTROLAN DEPOSIT
BL-1301+
(ALKALINITY BOOSTER)
• FEATURE :
1) Mengontrol pH air boiler untuk mencegah korosi.
2) Memberikan kondisi alkalinitas yang optimum untuk mencegah
pembentukan kerak silica dan pembentukan sludge.
PT. Kastraco Engineering
B-120+
(OXYGEN SCAVANGER)
BL – 171
(ANTI SCALE)