UNIVERSITAS BUMIGORA
Waktu
PEMICU
PEMICU BIAYA
BIAYA (COST
(COST DRIVER)
DRIVER)
Unit diproduksi
Biaya Bahan Langsung
Upah Langsung
Jam Mesin
Jam Kerja Langsung
Penghitungan
Penghitungan Biaya
Biaya berdasar
berdasar Fungsi:
Fungsi: Tarip
Tarip Tunggal
Tunggal
Biaya Overhead
Budget overhead
$360,000
Aktivitas harapan (DLH)
100,000
Aktivitas aktual (DLH)
100,000
Belring, Inc. (continued)
Cordless Regular
• Units produced 10,000 100,000
• Prime costs $78,000 $738,000
• Direct labor hours 10,000 90,000
Belring, Inc.
Budget (estimasi) cost
Tarip Overhead =
Estimasi aktivitas
$360,000
Tarip Overhead = 100,000 DLH
Tarip Overhead
Applied
= x
overhead
Aktivitas
aktual
Belring, Inc.
Applied
= Tarip Overhead x Activitas Aktual
overhead
= $360,000
Cost Per Unit
Belring, Inc.
Cordless Regular
Biaya Prima $ 78,000 $ 738,000
Biaya Overhead:
$3.60 x 10,000 36,000 ---
$3.60 x 90,000 --- 324,000
Total biaya manufakturing $114,000 $1,062,000
Unit diproduksi 10,000 100,000
Cost per Unit $ 11.40 $ 10.62
Pembebanan
Pembebanan BOP
BOP dengan
dengan Tarif
Tarif Departemental
Departemental
Biaya Overhead
Alokasi
Penelusuran Langsung
Pembebanan Biaya Penelusuran dng
Penggerak
Langkah I:
Department A Pool Pembentukan Pool Department B Pool
Tarip Overhead:
Tarip Fabrikasi = Budget OH / Ekspektasi MH
= $252,000/40,000
= $6.30 per MH
Cordless
Regular
Biaya Prima $ 78,000
$ 738,000
Biaya Overhead:
($6.30 x 4,000) + ($1.35 x 3,000)
29,250 ---
($6.30 x 36,000) + (1.35 x 77,000) ---
330,750
Keterbatasan Sistem Traditional
Costing
Tarip tunggal
sederhana tetapi
mengabaikan
alokasi biaya
departmental.
Keterbatasan Sistem Traditional
Costing
Tarip departmental
menyediakan data biaya yang
lebih rinci, khususnya bila
department menyajikan
aktivitas yang berbeda-beda.
LINGKUNGAN MANUFAKTURING
MAJU
• Persaingan Global
• Teknologi Maju
• Otomatisasi dan
Komputerisasi
• Overhead Tinggi- Upah
Langsung rendah
• Diversitas Produk
• Kompleksitas dalam
proses produksi
Diversitas
Diversitas produk
produk artinya
artinya produk
produk
mengkonsumsi
mengkonsumsi aktivitas
aktivitas overhead
overhead
dalam
dalam proporsi
proporsi yang
yang berbeda.
berbeda.
Indicators of Need for
ABC
Direct labor is a Product-line profit
small percentage margins are hard
of total costs. to explain.
Driver Driver
Pembebanan biaya
Tracing Tracing
Aktivitas
Driver
Pembebanan Biaya
Tracing
Produk
Belring, Inc.
Product-Costing
Product-Costing Data
Data
Cordless Regular Total
Units produced per year 10,000 100,000 110,000
Prime costs $78,000 $738,000 $816,000
Direct labor hours 10,000 90,000 100,000
Machine hours 5,000 45,000 50,000
Production runs 20 10 30
Number of moves 60 30 90
Activity
Activity Usage
Usage
Measures
Measures
Belring, Inc.
Product-Costing
Product-Costing Data
Data
Aktivitas Biaya aktivitas
Setup $120,000
Material handling 60,000
Machining 100,000
Testing 80,000
Total $360,000
Overhead Activities
AKTIVITAS DAN PEMICUNYA
AKTIVITAS PEMICU AKTIVITAS
• SETUP • PRODUCTION RUN
• MATERIAL • NUMBER OF
HANDLING MOVEMENT
• MACHINING • MACHINE HOURS
• TESTING • DIRECT LABOR
HOURS
Belring, Inc.
Product
Product Diversity:
Diversity: Consumption
Consumption Ratios
Ratios
Overhead Cordless Regular Activity
Activity Phone Phone Driver
a a
Setups 0.67 0.33 Production runs
Material
b b
handling 0.67 0.33 Number of
moves c c
Machining d
0.10 0.90
d Machine hours
Testing
a 20/30 (cordless) 0.10 0.90
and 10/30 (regular) Direct labor
hours
Belring, Inc.
Product
Product Diversity:
Diversity: Consumption
Consumption Ratios
Ratios
Overhead Cordless Regular Activity
Activity Phone Phone Driver
a a
Setups 0.67 0.33 Production runs
Material
b b
handling 0.67 0.33 Number of
moves c c
Machining d
0.10 0.90
d Machine hours
Testing
b 60/90 (cordless) 0.10 0.90
and 30/90 (regular) Direct labor
hours
Belring, Inc.
Product
Product Diversity:
Diversity: Consumption
Consumption Ratios
Ratios
Overhead Cordless Regular Activity
Activity Phone Phone Driver
a a
Setups 0.67 0.33 Production runs
Material
b b
handling 0.67 0.33 Number of
moves c c
Machining d
0.10 0.90
d Machine hours
Testing 0.10 and 45,000/50,000
c 5,000/50,000 (cordless) 0.90 Direct labor
(regular)
hours
Belring, Inc.
Product
Product Diversity:
Diversity: Consumption
Consumption Ratios
Ratios
Overhead Cordless Regular Activity
Activity Phone Phone Driver
a a
Setups 0.67 0.33 Production runs
Material
b b
handling 0.67 0.33 Number of
moves c c
Machining d
0.10 0.90
d Machine hours
Testing
d 10,000/100,0000.10 0.90 Direct
(cordless) and 90,000/100,000 labor
(regular)
hours
Belring, Inc.
Activity
Activity Rates
Rates
Cordless Regular
Prime Costs $ 78,000 $738,000
Overhead Costs:
Batch-Level pool:
($6,000 x 20) 120,000
($6,000 x 10) 60,000
Unit Level pool:
($3.60 x 5,000) 18,000
($3.60 x 45,000) _______ 162,000
Total manufacturing costs $216,000 $960,000
Unit of production 10,000 100,000
Unit cost $ 21.60 $ 9.60
Belring, Inc.
Comparison
Comparison of
of Unit
Unit Costs
Costs
Cordless Regular
Plantwide rate $11.40 $10.62
Departmental rate 10.73 10.69
Activity rate 21.60 9.60
Pool rate 21.60 9.60
Semoga
Bermanfaat Yaa!!
TERIMAKASIH