Krypton

Kripton adalah suatu unsur kimia dalam tabel periodik yang memiliki lambang Kr
dan nomor atom 36
Unsur kimia, atau hanya disebut unsur, adalah zat kimia yang tak dapat dibagi lagi
menjadi zat yang lebih kecil, atau tak dapat diubah menjadi zat kimia lain dengan
menggunakan metode kimia biasa. Partikel terkecil dari unsur adalah atom. Sebuah
atom terdiri atas inti atom (nukleus) dan dikelilingi oleh elektron. Inti atom terdiri atas
sejumlah proton dan neutron. Hingga saat ini diketahui terdapat 116 unsur di dunia.
Nomor atom adalah angka yang menunjukkan jumlah proton dalam inti atom. Secara
tradisi, nomor atom dilambangkan dengan simbol Z. Karena nomor atom setiap unsur
kimia unik, nomor atom dipakai untuk mengidentifikasi unsur kimia. Misalnya angka
atom hidrogen adalah 1 (satu) - artinya Hidrogen memiliki proton sejumlah satu.

Definition: Krypton
Krypton
Noun
1. A colorless element that is one of the six inert gasses; occurs in trace
amounts in air.
Etymology: Krypton \Kryp"ton\, noun. [New Latin expression, from the
Greek expression, neut. of hidden.].
.

Specialty Definitions: Krypton

Domain

Definitions

Computing KRYPTON A frame language. ["An Essential Hybrid

Reasoning System: Knowledge and Symbol Level Accounts of
of KRYPTON", R.J. Brachman et al, Proc IJCAI-85, 1985].
Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing.
Health

A noble gas that is found in the atmosphere. It has the atomic

symbol Kr, atomic number 36, atomic weight 83.80, and has
been used in electric bulbs. (references)

Bromine - Krypton

Specialty
Definition:
KRYPTON

Ar
Kr
Xe

The KRYPTON programming

language is a frame language.

Full table

"An Essential Hybrid

General
Reasoning System: Knowledge
and Symbol Level Accounts of Name, Symbol, Number Krypton, Kr, 36
KRYPTON", R.J. Brachman et
Chemical series
Noble gases
al, Proc IJCAI-85, 1985.
Group, Period, Block
18 (VIIIA), 4 , p
This article (or an earlier
3.708 kg/m3 (273 K), NA
version of it) contains material Density, Hardness
from FOLDOC, used with
colorless
permission.
Appearance
Atomic Properties
Atomic weight

83.798 amu

Atomic radius (calc.)

no data (88) pm

Covalent radius

110 pm

van der Waals radius

202 pm

Electron configuration

[Ar]33d10 4s2 4p6

e- 's per energy level

2, 8, 18, 8

Oxidation states (Oxide) 0 (unknown)

Crystal structure

Cubic face centered

Physical Properties
State of matter

gas (nonmagnetic)

Melting point

115.79 K (-251.25 F)

Boiling point

119.93 K (-153.22 F)

Molar volume

27.99 1010-3 m3/mol

Heat of vaporization

9 .029 kJ/mol

Heat of fusion

1 .638 kJ/mol

Vapor pressure

NA

Speed of sound

1120 m/s at 293.15 K

Miscellaneous

Electronegativity

3.00 (Pauling scale)

Specific heat capacity

248 J/(kg*K)

Electrical conductivity

no data

Thermal conductivity

0.00949 W/(m*K)

1st ionization potential

1350.8 kJ/mol

2nd ionization potential

2350.4 kJ/mol

Alternate meanings: Krypton (planet), KRYPTON (programming language),

others
Krypton is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Kr
and atomic number 36. A colorless noble gas, krypton occurs in trace
amounts in the atmosphere, is isolated by fractionating liquefied air, and is
often used with other rare gases in fluorescent lamps. Krypton is inert for most
practical purposes but it is known to form compounds with fluorine.

Notable Characteristics
Krypton is a so-called noble gas due to its very low chemical reactivity and it is
characterized by a brilliant green and orange spectral signature. It is one of
the products of uranium fission. Solidified krypton is white and crystalline with
a face-centered cubic crystal structure which is a common property of all "rare
gases."

Applications
The international definition of the length of the meter was, from 1960 to 1983,
based on the light emitted by excited krypton atoms as a standard:
specifically, the meter was defined as 1,650,763.73 wavelengths of the
orange-red emission line emitted by krypton-86 atoms.
Krypton clathrates have been made with hydroquinone and phenol. Kr-85 is
used in chemical analysis. When it is placed in various solids kryptonates are
formed and their activity is sensitive to surface chemical reactions. This noble
gas is also used in photographic flash lamps needed for high-speed
photography but this use is limited because of the high cost of krypton.

History
Krypton (Greek kryptos meaning "hidden") was discovered in 1898 by William
Ramsay and Morris Travers in residue left from evaporating nearly all
components of liquid air. In 1960 an international agreement defined the
meter in terms of light emitted from a krypton isotope. This agreement
replaced the longstanding standard meter located in Paris which was a metal

bar made of a platinum-iridium alloy (the bar was originally estimated to be

one ten millionth of a quadrant of the earth's polar circumference). In October
1983 the krypton standard was in turn replaced by the International Bureau of
Weights and Measures. A meter is now defined as the distance that light
travels in a vacuum during 1/299,792,458 s.

Occurrence
The concentration of this gas in earth's atmosphere is about 1 ppm. It can be
extracted from liquid air by fractional distillation.

Compounds
Like the other rare gases krypton is widely considered to be chemically inert.
However, studies conducted since the 1960s have uncovered some
compoundss of krypton. Krypton difluoride has been made in gram quantities
and can be produced in several different ways. Other fluorides and a salt of a
krypton called oxyacid have also been found. ArKrKr+ and KrH+ moleculeions have been investigated and there is evidence for KrXe or KrXe+.

Isotopes
Naturally occurring krypton is composed of six stable isotopes. Krypton's spectral
signature is easily produced with some very sharp lines. Kr-81 is the product of
atmospheric reactions with the other naturally occurring isotopes of krypton. It is
radioactive with a half-life of 250,000 years. Like xenon, krypton is highly volatile
when it is near surface waters and Kr-81 has therefore been used for dating old
(50,000 - 800,000 year) groundwater. Kr-85 is an inert radioactive noble gas with a
half-life of 10.76 years, that is produced by fission of uranium and plutonium. Sources
have included nuclear bomb testing, nuclear reactors, and the release of Kr-85 during
the reprocessing of fuel rods from nuclear reactors. A strong gradient exists between
the northern and southern hemispheres where concentrations at the North Pole are
approximately 30% higher than the South Pole due to convective mixing.

Synonym: Krypton
Synonym: Kr (n). (additional references)

Crosswords: Krypton
Specialty definitions using "krypton": cap light Fission gases Inert Gas
Narcosis Krypton Radioisotopes NEON-TUBE PUMPER rare gas.
(references)
Non-English Usage: "Krypton" is also a word in the following languages
with English translations in parentheses.
Czech (krypton), Dutch (krypton), French (krypton), German
(krypton), Italian (krypton), Swedish (krypton).

Modern Usage: Krypton

Domain

Usage

Lyrics

To carry on, forget Krypton, and keep going (Superman's

Song; performing artist: Crash Test Dummies)

Movie/TV Titles

The Krypton Factor (1981)

Commercial Usage: Krypton

Domain Title
Books

Theater

Viscosity of gases in metric units: air, argon, carbon dioxide,

helium, hydrogen, krypton, methane, neon, nitrogen, oxygen
and xenon at atmospheric pressure in the temperature range
270 to 2200 K (reference)
Thermophysical Properties of Neon, Argon, Krypton and
Xenon (National Standard Reference Data Service of the
Ussr, Vol 10) (reference)
Immobilization of Krypton in a Metal Matrix (Nuclear
Science and Technology) (reference)
(more book examples)
Superman - The Last Son of Krypton (reference)
(more DVD examples; more video examples)

Usage Frequency: Krypton

"Krypton" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 71.43% of
the time. "Krypton" is used about 14 times out of a sample of 100 million
words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words
used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the
samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than onehundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Usage per
100
Million Rank in
Parts of Speech
Percent
Words
English
Noun (singular)
Noun (proper)
Total

71.43%
28.57%
100.00%

10
4
14

111,207
175,879
N/A

Expressions: Krypton
Expression using "krypton": Krypton Radioisotopes. Additional references.

Hyphenated Usage
Beginning with "krypton": krypton-shafted.

Frequency of Internet Keywords: Krypton

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the
major English-language search engines as identified by various trade
publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at
Amazon.com.
Frequency
per Day Expression

Frequency
per Day

krypton

91 85 krypton

krypton egg

17

diesel krypton

11

Expression

krypton light
bulb

krypton

gas krypton

flashligh
t

8 krypton laser

3
3

krypton
krypton bulb

flashligh
t bulb

element krypton

7 krypton lock

krypton site

6 comic krypton

coaster krypton
superma
n

krypton
5

bulb krypton
xenon

5 planet krypton

engine krypton
tuning

4 dev em krypton

krypton factor

krypton last son

4 krypton xenon

diesel krypton
shoes

krypton last son

4
superma
n

krypton picture

4 krypton ky

superma
n

download egg
krypton

Derivations & Misspellings: Krypton

Derivations
Words beginning with "krypton": kryptons. (additional references)

Misspellings
"Krypton" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: crypton,
kripton, krypto, kryptos, kryton, Krzyztof, Trypto. (additional references)
Rhyming with "Krypton"
Words rhyming with "krypton" (pronounced 'Kryp"ton'): Acton, Barton,
Baston, Batton, Boston, Burton, Carton, Caxton, Chiton, Croton,
Homoioptoton, Melton, Monton, Moton, Mutton, Panton, Phlogiston, Phyton,
Piston, Plankton, Polyptoton, Protiston, Santon, Seton, Sexton, Teuton, Triton,
unbutton. (additional references)