Pengertian Subjunctive

Subjunctive adalah kata kerja yang digunakan untuk membayangkan akibat dari sesuatu yang tidak ada atau
tidak terjadi, yang dapat berupa wish (harapan), requirements (kebutuhan), dan suggestion(saran). Atau
dengan kata lain, makna kalimat subjunctive ini selalu berlawanan dengan kenyataan atau fakta.

Kata-kata yang digunakan dalam subjunctive adalah wish(menginginkan/ mengharapkan), as if/ as

though (seolah-olah), would rather (lebih suka), if only (seandainya/ jika saja).

Fungsi Subjunctive

As if/ as though digunakan untuk menyatakan keadaan yang tidak benar

kenyataan atau faktanya.
Wish, would rather, dan if only digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
harapan atau keinginan.

Rumus Penggunaan Subjunctive

1. Future Subjunctive

Future Subjunctive digunakan sebagai kalimat pengandaian yang mengacu pada masa yang akan datang, jadi
faktanya juga dalam bentuk Simple Future Tense.

Wish Subject (1) + wish + Subject (2) + Could / Would + Verb

1

Contoh:
I wish you would come to the party tonight.
(Artinya: Saya berharap kamu akan datang ke pesta nanti malam.)
(Faktanya: He will not come to the party tonight)

CATATAN
Walaupun jarang digunakan, tetapi Future Subjunctive terkadang masih sering kita jumpai, jadi lebih baik kita
mengenalinya juga. Sebagai gantinya bisa menggunakan Present Subjunctive.

2. Present Subjunctive

Present Subjunctive digunakan sebagai kalimat pengandaian yang mengacu pada masa sekarang, jadi
faktanya juga dalam bentuk Simple Present Tense.

Wish Subject (1) + wish + Subject (2) + Verb 2 / were

As if /As Subject (1) + Verb 1 + as if + Subject (2) + Verb2 /
though were
Would rather Subject (1) + would rather + Subject (2) + Verb 2 /
were
If only If only + Subject + Verb 2

CATATAN
Pada bentuk Present Subjunctive, kata kerja yang digunakan adalah bentuk ke-2 (VERB 2), dan jika harus
menggunakan to be, harus menggunakan were untuk semua jenis Subject.

Contoh:
I wish you visited me.
(Artinya: Saya berharap kamu mengunjungi saya.)
(Faktanya: You dont visit me.)
The girl dresses as if it were summer now.
(Artinya: Perempuan itu berpakaian seolah-olah sekarang musim panas.)
(Faktanya: it is not summer now.)

Shelly would rather he told the truth.

(Artinya: Shelly lebih suka dia mengatakan yang sebenarnya.)
(Faktanya: He doesnt tell the truth.)

If only she knew.

(Artinya: Seandainya dia tau.)
(Faktanya: She doesnt know.)

3. Past Subjunctive

Past Subjunctive digunakan sebagai kalimat pengandaian yang mengacu pada masa lampau, jadi faktanya
juga dalam bentuk Simple Past Tense.

Wish Subject (1) + wished + Subject (2) + Had + Verb 3 / been

As if /As Subject (1) + Verb 2 + as if + Had + Verb 3 / been
though
Would rather Subject (1) + would rather + Subject 2 + Had + Verb 3 /
been
If only If only + Subject + Had + Verb 3 / been

Contoh:
She wished (that) she had had more time last night.
(Artinya: Dia berharap bahwa dia punya waktu lebih kemarin malam.)
(Faktanya: She didnt have more time last night.)

Jeff looked as though he had seen a ghost.

(Artinya: Jeff terlihat seolah-olah dia telah melihat hantu.)
(Faktanya: He didnt see a ghost.)

I would rather he had been here.

(Artinya: Saya lebih suka dia sudah berada disini.)
(Faktanya: He was not here.)

If only Rachel had not been at home last night

(Artinya: Seandainya Rachel sudah tidak ada di rumah kemarin malam.)
(Faktanya: Rachel was at home last night.)
Penggunaan Subjunctive adalah sebagai berikut
Menunjukkan Present atau Future tense, maka past
tense digunakan dalam klausa.
Pattern : Subject + wish .... + Subject + would / could
Contoh :
It is going to be a good party tomorrow. I wish Indra could come.
(Fact : Indra may come to the party or may not come)

She wishes he were going to be here tomorrow.

(Fact : He isn't going to be here tomorrow)

Menunjukkan Present Tense

Pattern : Subject + Wish .... + subject + past verb ....
Contoh :
I wish I knew how to do it. ( Fact : I don't know ...)
If only I lived in Bali. ( Fact I don't live in Bali)
If only it were not cold. (Fact it is cold)

Penggunaan as if dan as though dengan bentuk Past

subjunctive
Pattern : Subject + Present / Past (verb) + as if/ as though + Subject + past verb
Contoh :
He behaves as if he were the owner of the company.
(Fact : He is not the owner)

She stares at me as though she knew me.

( Fact : She doesn't know me)

Bentuk Subjunctive sesudah would rather untuk

menyatakan pilihan lebih suka
Menunjukkan Present Tense
Pattern : Subject + would rather that + subject + past Tense
Contoh :
I would rather you told me the news.
( Fact : You don't tell me the news)

Menunjukkan past Tense

Pattern : Subject + would rather that + subject + past perfect Tense
Contoh :
Bambang would rather that it had not been cold last night.
( Fact : It was cold last night)

Berikut ini merupakan bentuk soal dan pembahasan

mengenai Subjunctive.
======================================================================================
Soal No. 1
"Let's go swimming."
"I wish I _____ we have a test tomorrow and I still have to study.
A. am able
B. could be
C. could
D. will be able
E. be able to
Pembahasan : Pada soal diatas menunjukkan subjunctive menunjukkan present atau future dengan pattern sebagai
berikut:
Subject + wish .... + Subject + would / could
Sehingga jawaban yang benar adalah could
Jawaban : C
======================================================================================
Soal No. 2
I wish ____ now at the party.
A. He is here
B. He will be here
C. He has been here
D. He were here
E. He be here
Pembahasan : Penggunaan penanda waktu "now" menunjukkan bahwa subjunctive menunjukkan present tense,
sehingga pattern yang digunakan
Subject + Wish .... + subject + past verb ....
Maka jawaban yang benar adalah He were here
Jawaban : D
=======================================================================================
Soal No. 3
I am sorry I don't know the answer, but I really wish I _____
A. know
B. knew
C. have known
D. will know
e. had known
Pembahasan : Fakta dari pernyataan di atas adalah "I am sorry I don't know the answer". Jadi pengandaiannya
menggunakan Present Tense
Subject + Wish .... + subject + past verb ....
Maka jawaban yang benar adalah knew
Jawaban : B
========================================================================================
Soal No. 4
She went to the blackboard as if she knew how to solve the problem.
The underlined words means ____
A. She actually can't solve the problem
B. She ought to know how to solve the problem
C. She definitely knew hpw to solve the problem
D. She should know how to solve the problem
E. She suceeded how to solve the problem
Pembahasan: Clausa as if she know the problem menunjukkan bahwa seolah olah dia mengetahui bagaimana
menyelesaikan masalah tersebut. Maka faktanya addalah she can't solve the problem.
Jawaban : A
========================================================================================
Soal No. 5
"I am planning to go to a party tonight, but It's raining very hard now.
"I wish _____ raining now."
A. It stops
B. it has stopped
C. it will stop
D. it had stopped
e. it would stop
Pembahasan : Pada soal diatas menunjukkan subjunctive menunjukkan present atau future dengan pattern sebagai
berikut
Subject + wish .... + Subject + would / could
Maka jawaban yang benar adalah It would stop
Jawaban : E
=========================================================================================
Dan berikutnya adalah soal latihan tentang subjunctive dalam bahasa Inggris. Anda bisa langsung menge-klik tautan
berikut untuk mengerjakan soal latihan tentang subjunctive. Soal online berikut memakai format Flash, sehingga
pastikan browser anda harus sudah terintegrasi dengan Flash player atau sudah terinstal Flash player.