Subjunctive
Subjunctive adalah kata kerja yang digunakan CATATAN
untuk membayangkan akibat dari sesuatu yang tidak
ada atau tidak terjadi, yang dapat berupa wish
(harapan), requirements (kebutuhan), dan
suggestion (saran). Atau dengan kata lain, makna
kalimat subjunctive ini selalu berlawanan dengan
kenyataan atau fakta.
Kata-kata yang digunakan dalam subjunctive
adalah “wish” (menginginkan/ mengharapkan), “as
if/ as though” (seolah-olah), “would rather”
(lebih suka), “if only” (seandainya/ jika saja).
Fungsi Subjunctive
 As if/ as though digunakan untuk menyatakan
keadaan yang tidak benar kenyataan atau
faktanya.
 Wish, would rather, dan if only digunakan
untuk menyatakan suatu harapan atau
keinginan.
Rumus Penggunaan Subjunctive
1. Future Subjunctive
Future Subjunctive digunakan sebagai kalimat
pengandaian yang mengacu pada masa yang akan
datang, jadi faktanya juga dalam bentuk Simple
Future Tense.
Wish Subject (1) + wish + Subject (2) +
Could / Would + Verb 1
Contoh:
I wish you would come to the party tonight.
(Artinya: Saya berharap kamu akan datang ke pesta
nanti malam.)
(Faktanya: He will not come to the party tonight)
CATATAN
Walaupun jarang digunakan, tetapi Future
Subjunctive terkadang masih sering kita jumpai, jadi
lebih baik kita mengenalinya juga. Sebagai gantinya
bisa menggunakan Present Subjunctive.
2. Present Subjunctive
Present Subjunctive digunakan sebagai kalimat
pengandaian yang mengacu pada masa sekarang,
jadi faktanya juga dalam bentuk Simple Present
Tense.
Wish Subject (1) + wish + Subject
(2) + Verb 2 / were
As if /As though Subject (1) + Verb 1 + as if
+ Subject (2) + Verb2 /
were
Would rather Subject (1) + would rather +
Subject (2) + Verb 2 / were
If only If only + Subject + Verb 2
Pada bentuk Present Subjunctive, kata kerja yang
digunakan adalah bentuk ke-2 (VERB 2), dan jika
harus menggunakan to be, harus menggunakan
“were” untuk semua jenis Subject.
Contoh:
I wish you visited me.
(Artinya: Saya berharap kamu mengunjungi saya.)
(Faktanya: You don’t visit me.)
The girl dresses as if it were summer now.
(Artinya: Perempuan itu berpakaian seolah-olah
sekarang musim panas.)
(Faktanya: it is not summer now.)
Shelly would rather he told the truth.
(Artinya: Shelly lebih suka dia mengatakan yang
sebenarnya.)
(Faktanya: He doesn’t tell the truth.)
If only she knew.
(Artinya: Seandainya dia tau.)
(Faktanya: She doesn’t know.)
3. Past Subjunctive
Past Subjunctive digunakan sebagai kalimat
pengandaian yang mengacu pada masa lampau, jadi
faktanya juga dalam bentuk Simple Past Tense.
Wish Subject (1) + wished + Subject
(2) + Had + Verb 3 / been
As if /As though Subject (1) + Verb 2 + as if +
Had + Verb 3 / been
Would rather Subject (1) + would rather +
Subject 2 + Had + Verb 3 /
been
If only If only + Subject + Had +
Verb 3 / been
Contoh:
She wished (that) she had had more time last
night.
(Artinya: Dia berharap bahwa dia punya waktu lebih
kemarin malam.)
(Faktanya: She didn’t have more time last night.)
Jeff looked as though he had seen a ghost.
(Artinya: Jeff terlihat seolah-olah dia telah melihat
hantu.)
(Faktanya: He didn’t see a ghost.)
I would rather he had been here.
(Artinya: Saya lebih suka dia sudah berada disini.)
(Faktanya: He was not here.)
If only Rachel had not been at home last night
(Artinya: Seandainya Rachel sudah tidak ada di
rumah kemarin malam.)
(Faktanya: Rachel was at home last night.)
PROBLEM: SUBJUNCTIVE D. will continue
1. He wishes it … a holiday today. E. would continue
A. be 11. If only my father bought a color TV.
B. is This sentence means …
C. was A. My father has bought a color TV.
D. were B. My father doesn’t buy a color TV
E. had been C. My father didn’t buy a color TV
2. She wishes her friend … on time. D. My father bought a color TV
A. arrive E. My father has bought a color TV
B. arrives 12. He treats us as if we were all foolish.
C. arrived This sentence means …
D. has arrived A. he doesn’t think we are all foolish
E. was arriving B. we don’t treat him to be foolish
3. We wish we…Ana yesterday. C. we aren’t sure that he is foolish
A. can meet D. we are really foolish
B. could meet E. we aren’t all foolish
C. could have met 13. My father wishes I hadn’t gone to the cinema,
D. will have met means …
E. have been meeting A. I’m going to the cinema
4. His daughter wished he…her a bike. B. I went to the cinema
A. buy C. I would go to the cinema
B. buys D. I didn’t go to the cinema
C. bought E. I haven’t gone to the cinema
D. had bought 14. X: “Do you know Amir’s address?”
E. will have bought Y: “Sorry, I don’t know hisaddress I wish I… his
5. He wishes he … her but he can’t. address.”
A. can help A. know
B. could help B. had know
C. doesn’t help C. knew
D. hasn’t help D. knows
E. could have helped E. knowing
6. He would rather they… their work before they got 15. “Let’s go swimming.”
out. “I wish I … we have a test tomorrow and I still
A. finish have to study.”
B. finished A. am able
C. can finished B. could be
D. had finished C. could
E. were finishing D. will be able
7. The girl behaved as though she … mad. E. be able to
A. were going 16. I wish … now to watch our play.
B. was going A. he is here
C. had gone B. he will be here
D. has gone C. he has been here
E. will go D. he were here
8. He acts as if he … English properly. E. he be here
A. know 17. I wish you … to stay at home because I’m sure
B. knew you would have enjoyed the concert very much.
C. knows A. didn’t have
D. had known B. hadn’t have
E. were knowing C. hadn’t had
9. He wishes he … follow the interview now. D. don’t have
A. doesn’t have to E. haven’t had
B. didn’t have to 18. She went to the blackboard as if she knew how
C. hadn’t had to to solve the problem.
D. will not have to The underlined words mean …
E. weren’t have to A. She actually can’t solve the problems
10. He wished he… his study last year. B. She ought to know how to solve the problem
A. can continue C. She definitely knew how to solve the problem
B. could continue D. She should know how to solve the problem
C. could have continued E. She succeeded how to solve the problem
19. ‘I’m planning to go to a party tonight, but it’s 27. “Is Evi still sick?”
raining very hard now. “Yes, I wish she… here now to help me type the
I wish … raining now. report.”
A. it stops A. is
B. it has stopped B. will be
C. it will stop C. were
D. it had sopped D. had been
E. it would stop E. would be
20. “If only his son had studied harder.” 28. He orders people as if he were the owner of the
It means … restaurant.
A. His son didn’t study harder From the above statement we may conclude that
B. His son had studied harder …
C. His son has studied harder A. he has worked hard to own the car
D. His son will not study harder B. he has been the owner of the restaurant
E. His son never studies harder C. he is very proud of his restaurant
21. “I am sorry I don’t know the answer, but I really D. he is just an ordinary employee
wish I …” E. he is a successful businessman
A. know 29. ’You look tired. Why don’t you take a rest?’
B. knew ’I wish … ; I still have to finish this report.’
C. have known A. I would be able
D. will know B. I can
E. had known C. I will be able
22. Mother said to our guest, “I wish you … leave me D. I could
now.” E. I had been able
A. didn’t have to 30. Kiki : I wish I had a certificate of deposit.
B. haven’t got to Indah : Why?
C. won’t have to Kiki : The interest rate is high now.
D. aren’t having to From the dialogue we can conclude that Kiki …
E. weren’t having to A. has a certificate of deposit
23. She is always busy with her work. B. doesn’t have money kept in a bank
I wish I… her more often. C. enjoys the high interest paid by the bank
A. visit D. is going to deposit his money in the bank
B. would visit E. has no interest to open an account in a bank
C. am visiting 31. Lita : Hi, why do you look so sad?
D. have visited Something wrong?
E. could visit Bagus : Yea. I wish I had time to have a date
24. Hamid has won a medal for swimming. with Ria.
I wish I… as good as he is. From the dialogue we know that …
A. were A. Lita promises to meet Ria
B. should be B. both Lita and Bagus will visit Ria
C. Bagus loses his chance to meet Ria
C. will be
D. Bagus and Lita have no time for a date
D. am
E. neither Lita nor Bagus has a date with Ria
E. can be
25. “Did you get compensation for your car?”
“No, I didn’t. If only …”
A. I would insure it
B. I had insured it
C. I would insure it
D. I wouldn’t insure it
E. I should insure it
26. I’m sure he is not the man in charge of the sales
department. But now, he …
A. acts as if he is the sales manager
B. is acting as if he would be the sales manager
C. would have acted as if he had been the sales
manager
D. would act as if he was the sales manager
E. acts as if he were the sales manager