FUNGSI TRANSENDEN

1. Fungsi Logaritma Asli

Definisi:
Fungsi logaritma asli, ditulis sebagai Ln, didefinisikan dengan:

x
ln x = 1/ t
1
dt , x > 0

Daerah definisinya adalah himpunan bilangan ril positif.

A. Turunan Logaritma Asli

Dx ln x = 1/x , x>0
Dengan mengunakan aturan rantai
Jika u = f (x) >0
Maka apabila f dapat dideferensialkan :
Dx ln u = 1/u Dx u

Contoh :
1. Tentukan Dx ln
Penyelesaian :
1 1
Dx u = Dx () = 2x -1/2 =2

1
Dx ln = Dx ()

1 1
=
2
1
= 2

2. Tentukan Dx ln (x2 x 2)
Penyelesaian :
u = (x2 x 2)
Dx u = 2x-1
1
Dx ln (x2 x 2) = ( 2 2) Dx ( 2 2)

1
 1
Dx ln (x2 x 2) = (2x-1)
( 2 2)

21
=
( 2 2)

1
Dx ln x = , x0
x
Ada dua kasus, apabila x > 0, x = x
1 1
Dx ln x = Dx ln (-x) = (-1) =

Maka : 1
x
dx = ln x + C ,x0

Atau
x diganti dengan perubah u

1
u
du = ln u + C , u 0

Ur du = Ur +1 , r -1
r-1

Contoh :
1. Tentukan 5
2 x 7 dx
Penyelesaian :

Misal u = 2x + 7, jadi du = 2 dx dx = 2

5 5
2x 7 dx = 2
5
=
2
5
= ln ||
2

2
 5 5
2 x 7 dx = 2 ln|2 + 7| +

3
2. Hitung 1
10 2
Penyelesaian :

Misal u = 10- 2 , du = -2x dx dx = 2
3 3
1 10 2 = 1 4 2
1 =3
=
2 =1 4
1 =3
= 2 |ln | =1
1
= 2 |ln (10 2 )| 31
1
= 2 [ ln (10-32) ln (10-(-1)2]
1
= [ln 1 ln 9 ]
2
1 1
= 2
ln 1 + 2
ln 9
1
= 0 + 2 ln 9
1
= 2 ln 9

B. Sifat Logaritma Asli

Apabila a dan b bilangan-bilangan positif dan r sebuah bilangan rasional,
maka :
(i) ln l = 0
(ii) ln ab = ln a + ln b

(iii) ln = ln a ln b

(iv) ln ar = r ln a
Contoh :

( x 1)
1. Tentukan untuk y = ln 3 , x>1
x2
Penyelesaian:

3
 ( x 1) 1
y = ln 3 2
=1/3 ln [ 2 ]
x
1
= ln ( ) 1/3
2
1 1
= ln ( )
3 2
1
= [ln( 1) ln 2]
3
1
3 [ln(1)ln ]
=

1
[3 (ln(1)2 ln ]
=

1 1 1
= [ ( 1) 2 ]
3 1

1 1 2
= [
3 1
]

1 2
= -
3 (1) 3

C. Pendifrensialan Logaritma
Contoh :

1 x2
Turunkanlah y =
( x 1) 2 / 3

Penyelesaian :
1 x 2 1/ 2
Ln y = ln


( x 1) 2 / 3

Ln y = (1 x2)1/2 ln (x + 1)2/3
1 2
Ln y = 2 ln (1- x2) - 3 ln (x+1)
1 1 2
dy = Dx [ 2 ln (1-x2) - 3ln (x+1)]

1 1 2 1
= Dx (1-x2) - Dx (x+1)
2 1 3 +1

2 2(1)
=[ ]dx
2(1 2 ) 3(+1)

4
 1 dy 2x 2
[ ]
y dx 2(1 x ) 3( x 1)
2

dy x 2
y[ ]
dx 1(1 x ) 3( x 1)
2

dy 1x 2 -x 2
[ [ ]
dx ( x 1 )2 / 3 (1 x2) 3( x 1)

2. Fungsi Eksponen Asli

Definisi :
Balikan ln disebut fungsi eksponen asli dan ditulis sebagai exponen, yaitu :
x = exp y y = ln x
i. exp (ln x) = x . x > 0
ii. ln (exp y) = y . Untuk semua y

Definisi :
bilangan e adalah bilangan riil positif yang bersifat ln e = 1 exp 1= e,
bilangan e adalah bilangan tak rasional : e 2, 718281828459045
er = exp (ln er) = exp (r ln e) = exp . r
ex = exp x
i. eln x
= x . x > 0
ii. ln (ey) = y , untuk semua y

Teorema :
Andaikan a dan b bilangan rasional, maka :

ea
ea eb = ea+b dan = ea-b
eb

Bukti :
ea eb = exp (ln ea eb )
= exp (ln ea + ln eb)

5
 ea eb = exp (a + b)
= ea+ b

Turunan :

Dx ex= ex

Bukti :
Dx ex = ex Dx x
= ex . 1
= ex

Contoh :
1. Tentukan Dx
Penyelesaian :
1 1
u= = 2 = ( 2 )
1
1
= 2 2
1
1
= 2 2
1
= 2

2
2. Tentukan Dx e x ln x
Penyelesaian :
Misal :
u = x2 ln x u = x2 u' = 2x
1
v = ln x v' =

Dx u = u' v + v' u
1
= 2x . ln x + . x2

= 2x ln x + x
2 ln 2 ln
= ( 2 )
2 ln
= (2 ln + )
2 ln 2 ln
= 2 ln +

6
3. f (x) = x ex/2 f' (x) = ..? , f'' (x) = ?
Penyelesaian :

f ' (x) = f ' (x 2 ) = u' v + v' u
Misal :
u = x u' = 1


= 2 = 2 (2)

1
f ' (x) = f ' (x 2 ) = 1. 2 + 2.
2


= + 2 2
2

2+
= ( 2 )
2

Misal :

1
p= 2 2 = =
2 2


b = = 2 (2)
2

1
= 2 . 2

= +

1 1
= . 2 2 + 2. 2
2

1
= 2 + 2
4 2

() = ( ()) = ( 2 + 2)
2


= (2 ) + ( 2 + ) 2
2

1 1
= 2 . 2 + 2 + 2
4 2


= + 2 2
4

4+
= ( 1 + 4) 2 = ( ) 2
4

e du = e + C
U U

7
4. Tentukan 4
Penyelesaian :
du
Misal u = -4x du = -4 dx dx =
4

e-4x dx = -1/4 e-4x (-4 dx)

= -1/4 eU du + C

= -1/4 e - 4X + C

x e X dx
3
2
5. Tentukan

Penyelesaian :

Misal u = -x3 du = -3x2 dx , dx =
3

du
x e dx = x e
2 X 3
2 x u

3x 2
1 u
3
e du

1
eu C
3
1 3
e -x C
3

x e dx
3x 2
6. Hitung

Penyelesaian :

Misal u = -3x2 du = -6x dx , dx = 6

xe xe
3x 2 3x 2
dx = .
6

1
6
e u du

1 u 1
e C e 3 x C
2

6 6

8
 SOAL :
1. Sederhanakan bentuk-bentuk :
e2 ln x ln (x2 e-2X) e- ln x

ln esin x e ln 2 + ln x e x + ln x

2. Tentukan Dx y :

y = e 2x + 1 y = e3X X
2

y = x2 ex y = e (ln x)/x

3. Hitung :

e dx
3 X 1

(2 x 3) e
X 2 3 X
dx
2 e3/ X

1 x2
dx

3. Fungsi Eksponen Umum dan Fungsi Logaritma Umum

ax = ex In a
ln (ax) = ln (ex ln a) = x ln a

Sifat sifat ax
Apabila a > 0 , b > 0 , X dan Y bilangan riil, maka :
1. ax ay = ax+y

2. =

3. (ax)y = axy
4. (ab)x = ax bx

5. ( ) =

9
Bukti :

ax ln a X ln a y
e ln(a X / a y )
e
ay
= ex ln a y ln a = e (x y) ln a = ax y
(ax) y = ey ln a x = e yx ln a = a yx = axy

Teorema :
atau
Dx ax = a x ln a Dx af(x) = af(x) ln a dx f(x)

= ( ) + a1

Bukti :
Dx ax = dx (ex ln a)
= ex ln a dx (x ln a)
= ax ln a

Contoh :
1. Tentukan Dx (3 )
Penyelesaian :
1
u =, du = dx
2 x
X X
Dx (3 )=3 ln 3. Dx
X
3 ln 3
=
2 x

atau

Dx (3 X
) = Dx e X ln 3

=e X ln 3

Dx x ln 3

10
 dimana :
12
Dx = Dx x

1
=
2 x
Sehingga :
X ln 3 1
Dx (3 X
)= e ln 3
2 x
X
3 ln 3
=
2 x

4 +2
2. Tentukan jika y = (x4 + 2)5 + 5

Penyelesaian :
4 +2
[( 4 + 2)5 + 5 ]
=

4
= 5( 4 + 2)4 ( 4 + 2) + 5 5 ( 4 )
4
= 5( 4 + 2)4 . (4x 3 ) + [5 5 (4 3 )
4
= 20 x3 (x4 + 2)4 + 4x3 . 5 ln 5

2
X3
3. Tentukan x 2 dx

Penyelesaian :

Misal u = x3 du = 3x2 dx , dx =3

du = +
2 x 2 dx = 2 u x 2 2
3
X

3x
1
2
u
= du
3
1 2
= 2 +
3 2

1 2
=3 2(x 3 ) +
2

11
A. Fungsi Log a
Definisi :
Andaikan a bilangan positif dan a 1 maka y = log aX
x = ay ln x = ln ay = y ln a

Log ex = ln x

Log ax =

Dx Log ax =

Contoh :
1. y = Log10 (x4 + 13) , dy/dx = ?

Penyelesaian :
x4+ 13 dx u = 4x

(10 (x4 + 13) 4

= . ( 4
+ 13 ) ln 10

4
=
( 4 + 13 ) ln 10

B. Fungsi aX, xa dan XX

Dx (ax) = ax ln a

Contoh :
1. y = xx = ex ln x

Penyelesaian :
dx y = dx (xx) = dx (ex ln x )
= ex ln x dx (x ln x ) u = xu' = 1
1
v = ln x v' =

12
 1
y = xx = ex ln x = ex ln x (1. ln x + x )

= ex ln x (ln x + 1 )
Atau
y= xx
ln y = ln xx
ln y = x ln x

= (ln x + 1 ) dx

= y (ln x + 1 )

= xx (ln x + 1)

51 / X
2. Hitung x 2 dx
Penyelesaian :

1 1
Misal u = , maka du = dx , dx = -x2 du

51 / X 51 / X
x 2 dx = x 2 ( x ) 5 du
2 u

5u
C
ln 5

51 / X
C
ln 5

SOAL
1. Hitunglah x, petunjuk :

= =

Log3 9 = x
Log4 x = 2
LogX 81 = 4
Log10 (x/3) = 1

13
 Log4 (1/x) = 3
Log2 (x + 1) - Log2 x = 2

2. Tentukan turunan dan integral berikut :

2
Dx ( 5 X )
Dx Log2 ex
Dx [ 2x ln (x + 5) ]

Dx (32x4 4X)

10
5 X 1
dx

x 2x
2
dx

5
dx

( 103x + 10 -3x )dx

Penyelesaian :
1. Hitung x !
Log3 9 = x
3x = 9
Ln 3x = ln 9
ln 9
X =
ln 3
2 ln 3
= ln 3

= 2

Log4 x = 2
42 = x
16 = x
X = 16

Log X 81 = 4
Loga X =y ay = x
Log X 81 = 4

14
 81 = x4
ln 81 = ln x4
ln 81 = 4 ln x
ln 34 = 4 ln x
4 ln 3 = 4 ln x
Ln 3 = ln x
3 = x

Log10 ( ) = 1
3

101 = ( 3 )

3 x 10 = x
X = 30

Log2 (x + 1) Log2 x = 2
x 1
Log2 2
x
x 1
22
x
x 1
4
x
4 = 1 + 1/x
3 = 1/x
x = 1/3

2. Hitunglah :
2 2
Dx (5 ) = 5 ln 5 ( 2 )
2
= 5 2 ln 5

1
Dx Log 2 e x X
Dx (e X )
e ln 2

15
 1
dx Log 2 e x X
.e X
e ln 2
1

ln 2

Dx [ 2x ln ( x + 5 ) ]
u = 2 du = 2 ln 2
1
v = ln ( x + 5 ) v = +5

Dx = [2x ln ( x + 5 ) ] = dx [uv]
= uv + vu
1
= 2 ln 2 ln( + 5) + +5 (2 )

4 4)
3(2
4 4) 4 4)
3(2 = 3(2 ln 3 Dx (2x4 4x)
4 4)
= 3(2 ln 3 Dx (8x3 4)
4 4)
= 3(2 (8x3 4) ln 3

10
5 X 1
dx

u = 5x 1 du = 5dx
du
dx =
5
du
10
5 X 1
dx = 10u = 1/5 10u du = 1/5 10u ln 10
5

= 1/5 10 (5X 1) ln 10
10 (5 X 1) ln 10
=
5

x2
X2
dx

du
u = x2 = du = 2 dx dx =
2x

16
 du
x2 dx x 2 u .
X2

2x
1

2 2 u du

1 2u
C
2 ln 2
2
2X
C
2 ln 2

1
5 5
dx = 2 du u = = 2

1
1
Du = 2 2 dx Du = 2

Dx = 2 dx
= 2 5 du
2 .5
= +c
ln 5

2 .5
= +c
ln 5

10 10 dx 10 3 X dx
3 X
3X
10 3X

du dv
10 3 X 10 3 X
3 3
1 1
10 U du
3
10 V dv
3
1 10 U 1 10 v

3 ln 10 3 ln 10

1
3 ln 10

10 3 X 10 3 X

4. Turunan Fungsi Trigonometri

Dx Sin x = Cos x
Dx Tan x = Sec2 x
Dx sec x = Sec x Tan x
Dx cos x = - Sin x
Dx Cot x = - Cosec2 x
Dx cosec x = -Cosec x Cot x

17
 Apabila u = F(x)

Dx Sin u = Cos u Dx u

Contoh :
1. Dx Sin (3x2+ 4)

Penyelesaian :

Dx Sin (3x2+ 4) = Cos (3x2+4) Dx (3x2+4)

= Cos (3x2 + 4) (6x)

= 6x cos (3x2 + 4)

2. Dx tan2 (9x)

Penyelesaian :

Dx tan2 (9x) = 2 tan2-1 (9x) Dx ( tan (9x) )

= 2 tan (9x) sec2 (9x) Dx 9x

= 2 tan (9x) sec2 (9x) 9
= 18 tan (9x) sec2 (9x)

sin 2 x
3. y
1 cot x
u
y
v
vu' uv '
y'
v2

1 cot x 2 sin cos x sin 2 x (cos ec 2 x)
1 cot x 2
2 (`1 )
=
(1 )
cos
2 sin cos 2 sin ( )sin
sin
=
(1cot )

2 sin cos 2 +1
=
(1cot )

18
 sin 2(2 2 1)
= [ ] 2 cos x= 1+cos 2x = cos 2 = 2 cos 1
(1cot )
cos 2sin 2
= (1 )

5. Fungsi Trigonometri Balikan dan Turunan

A. Fungsi Trigonometri Balikan

x = Sin -1 y y = Sin x
x
x = Cos -1 y y = Cos x 2 2
0x
x = Tan -1 y y = Tan x

x = Sec -1 y y = Sec x x
2 2

0 < x< dengan x
2
Sec-1 y = Cos-1 (1/y)

1. Sin (Cos-1 x) = 1 x 2
1

Cos-1X
1 x2

2. Cos (Sin-1 x) = 1 x 2
1 x
-1X
Sins

1 x2

3. Sec (tan-1 x) = 1 x 2
1 x2 x

Tan-1X

19
 4. Tan (Sec-1 x) + x2 1

x2 1
2
Sec
1 x
1

Bukti 1 :
Sin2 + Cos2 = 1 0

Sin = 1 Cos 1
= Cos-1 x Cos (Cos-1 x) = x

Sin (Cos -1 x) 1 Cos 2 cos 1 x 1 x 2

Bukti 2 :
Sin2 + Cos2 = 1 0

Cos = 1 Sin 2
= Sin-1 x Sin (Sin-1 x) = x

Cos (Sin-1 x) = 1 Sin 2 Cos 1 x 1 x 2

Bukti 3 dan 4 :
Gunakan hubungan Sec2 = 1 + tan2
Tanda-tanda + dalam 4 dibuang apabila :
x > 1 berlaku tanda positif
x -1 berlaku tanda negatif
Catatan :
Cos = x = cos x
Cos (cos x ) = x

Cos =
sin + cos = 1
Sin = sin (cos x)

=
20
Contoh :
1. Hitunglah Sin (2 Cos-1 (2/3))

Penyelesaian :

Sin 2 = 2 sin cos

2 1 2 2
Sin 2 [cos (3)] = 2 sin[cos (3)] cos[ 1 ( 3)]

2 2
= 2 1 (3)2 . 3

2 4 2
Sin 2 [cos (3)] = 2 1 (9) . 3

5
4
3
=
3
4
3
5
=
3
45
=
3
45
=
9

2. Perlihatkan bahwa Cos (2 tan-1 x)

Penyelesaian :
Cos 2 = 2 Cos2 1 apabila = tan x
x= tan

sec =

cos =

sec =1+tan
Cos (2 tan-1 x) = Cos 2
= 2 Cos2 -1
1 2
= 2 (sec ) 1
2
= 1

2
= 1
1+

21
 2
Cos (2 tan-1 x) = 1
1+
2
= 1
1+
2
= 1+ 1
2 1+
=
1 1+
21
Cos (2 tan-1 x) =
1+
1
=
1+

B. Rumus Turunan Fungsi Trigonometri Balikan

1. Dx Sin-1 x = -1< x < 1

2. Dx Cos-1 x = -1< x < 1

3. Dx tan-1 x =

4. Dx Sec-1 x = x > 1
||

Bukti 1 :
Sin-1 x =y
x = Sin y
1 = Cos y Dx y
1
Dx (sin-1x) =
cos
1 1
=
cos(sin1 x ) 1

22
 Contoh :
1. Tentukan Dx Sin-1 (3x 1)
Penyelesaian :

Dx 3 X 1
1
Dx Sin -1 (3x - 1)
1 3x 1
2

3

1 (3x 1)2

3

1 (3x 1) 2

2. Tentukan Dx tan-1 ( x 1 )

Penyelesaian :

1
x 1
1
x 1

Dx tan 2
Dx
1 x 1

Dx x 1
1 1 / 2

1 xx 1
2

1 1
( x 1) 1 / 2
2 x 2

1

2(2 x) x 1

C. Rumus integral untuk Trigonometri Balikan :

1. dx = Sin-1 x + C


2. dx = Tan-1 x+ C
+

3. dx = Sec-1 x+ C

23
 Contoh :
1/ 2
dx
Hitung 1 x
0
2

Penyelesaian :

1/ 2
dx 1
1 x
0
2
dx Sin 1 ( ) Sin 1 (0)
2

0
6


6

6. Fungsi Hiperbol dan Balikan

Definisi :
(fungsi hiperbol), fungsi sinus hiperbol, kosinus hiperbol dan empat fungsi
sejenis lainnya didefinisikan sebagai berikut :

Sinh x = (ex e-x)

Cosh x = (ex + e-x)

Tanh x =


Sech x =


Coth x =


Csch x =

Cosh2 x - Sinh2x = 1

Bukti :
2 2
e x e x e x e x
Cosh x Sinh x
2 2

2 2

e 2 x 2 e 2 x e 2 x 2 e 2 x

4 4

e 2 x 2 e 2 x e 2 x 2 e 2 x

4

24
 4
2 2 =
4
=1

A. Turunan Fungsi Hiperbol

Dx Sinh x = Cosh x
Dx Cosh x= Sinh x
Dx Tanh x = Sech2 x
Dx Coth x = - Csch2 x
Dx Sech x = - Sech x tanh x
Dx Csch x = - Csch x Coth x

Contoh :
1. Dx tanh (sin x)

Penyelesaian :

Dx tanh (sinh x) = sech2 (Sin x) dx Sin x

= sech2 (sin x ) [cos x ]
= cos x sech2 (sin x)
2. Dx cosh2 (3x 1)

Penyelesaian :

Dx cosh2 (3x-1) = 2 cosh (3x 1) dx cosh (3x 1)

= 2 cosh (3x 1) [ sinh (3x 1) dx (3x 1) ]
= 2 cosh (3x 1) sinh (3x 1) [ 3 ]
= 6 sinh (3x 1) cosh (3x 1)

3. Tentukan tanh x Dx

Penyelesaian :

Misal u = Cosh x, Maka du = Sinh x dx

sinh x
tanh x dx cosh x dx
du

u

25
 tanh x dx = ln u
= ln cosh x | + C
= ln (cosh x) + C

B. Balikan Fungsi Hiperbol

x = Sinh-1 y y = Sinh x
x = Cosh-1 y y = Cosh x x0
x = Tanh-1 y y = Tanh x
x = Sech-1 y y = Sech x dan x 0

Sinh-1 x = ln (x 2 + 1)
Cosh-1 x = ln (x 2 + 1) x1
1 1+
Tanh-1 x = ln -1 < < 1
2 1
1+1 2
Sech-1 x = ln ( ) 0< 1

Dx Sinh-1 x =
+

Dx Cosh-1 x = x>1
+

Dx Tanh-1 x = -1 < < 1


Dx Sech-1 x = 0< <1

Contoh :
1
1. Dx Sinh-1 x = 2
+1

Penyelesaian :

Andaikan y = Sinh-1 x
x = Sinh y
Diturunkan 1 = (Coshy) (Dx y)

26
 Dx y = Dx (Sinh-1 x)
1 1
= =
1+2 1+x2

2. Tentukan Dx y
jika y = Dx Cosh-1 (x3)

Penyelesaian :

Y = Cosh-1 (x3) Cosh2 y - Sinh2 y = 1

X3 = Cosh y Sinh y =
3x2 = Sinh y Dx y
Dx y = Dx {Cosh-1 (x3)}
3 2
=

3 2 3 2 3 2
= = =
2 1 ( 3 )2 1 6 1

7. Rangkuman

1. Fungsi Logaritma Asli

Fungsi logaritma asli ditulis dengan ln,sebagai :

x
ln x = 1 / t
1
dt , x > 0

A. Turunan Logaritma Asli

Dx ln x = , x>0

Dengan menggunakan aturan rantai

Jika U = F(x)
Maka jika F dapat dideferensialkan :

Dx ln U = Dx u

27
 B. Sifat Logaritma Asli
Apabila a dan b bilangan-bilangan positif dan r sebuah bilangan

rasional, maka :

I. ln 1 =0
II. ln ab = ln a + ln b

III. ln = ln a ln b

IV. ln ar = r ln a

C. Pendiferensialan Logaritma
1x2
Turunkanlah : y = (x+1)23

1x2 (1 2 )12
Ln y = ln = ln [ ]
(x+1)23 (x+1)23
1 2
= 2 ln ( 1 - x2 ) ln ( x + 1 )
3
1 1 2 2
= 2 1 2 3 ln ( x + 1 ) dx

2 (+2)
= 1 2 3(+1) = 3(1 2 )

( + 2 ) ( + 2 ) (1 2 )12
= = x
3(1 2 ) 3(1 2 ) (+1)23
+2
= 3(1 2 )12 (+1)23

2. Fungsi Eksponen Asli

Definisi :
Balikan ln disebut fungsi Eksponen asli dan ditulis secara Eksponen.yaitu :
x = exp y y = ln x
i. exp (ln x) = x x >0
ii. ln (exp y) = y untuk semua y

Definisi :
Bilangan e adalah bilangan riil bermuatan positif yang bersifat ln e = 1
exp1 =e, bilangan e adalah bilangan tak rasional : e
2,718281828459045
= exp (ln er ) = exp (r ln e) = exp . r

28
 ex = exp x
i. enln x = x x > 0
ii. ln (eY) = y, untuk semua y

Teorema
Andaikan a dan b bilangan rasional, maka :

eaeb = ea+b dan = ea-b

Bukti :
eaeb = exp (ln eaeb)
= exp (ln ea + ln eb)
= exp (a+b)
= ea+b

Turunan

Dx eu = eu Dx u

3. Fungsi Eksponen Umum dan Fungsi Logaritma Umum

ax = e x ln a
ln (ax) = ln (ex ln a) = x ln a
sifat-sifat ax
apabila a>0,b>0,x dan y bilangan riil, maka :
1. axay = ax+y

2. = ax-y

3. (ax)y = axy
4. (ab)x = axbx

5. () =

Teorema

Dx ax = ax ln a

29
 1
= (ln ) + , 1
Bukti :
Dx ax = Dx (e x ln a)
= eX ln a Dx( x ln a)
= ax ln a
1. Fungsi Log a
Definisi :
Andaikan a bilangan positif dan a 1 maka Y = log aX
x = ay

Log ex = ln x Dx Log aX =

ln x = y ln a

log aX =

2. Fungsi ax , xa dan xx

Dx (ax) = ax ln a
Dx (xa) = axa-1

4. Turunan Fungsi Trigonometri

Dx Sin x = Cos x
Dx Cos x = -Sin x
Dx Tan x = Sec2 x
Dx Sec x = Sec x Tan x
Dx Cot x = -Cosec2 x
Dx Cosec x = -Cosec x Cot x

5. Fungsi Trigonometri Balikan dan Turunan

A. Fungsi Trigonometri Balikan

x = Sin-1y y = Sin x

x = Cos-1y y = Cos x

30

x = Tan-1y y = Tan x

x = Sec-1y y = Sec x dengan

Sec-1 y =Cos -1 (/)

1
Cos-1X

Sin ( Cos-1 x) =
X

1
Sin-1X
X Cos (Sin-1x) =

+ Sec (tan-1 x) = +
Sin-1X X

X
Sin-1X Tan (Sec-1 x) =

31
B. Rumus turunan Trigonometri Balikan

1. Dx = -1 < x < 1


2. Dx = -1 < x < 1


3. Dx = +

4. Dx = |x| > 1
||

C. Rumus Integral untuk Trigonometri BalikanL:

1. = +


2. + = +

3. = || +

6. Fungsi Hiperbola dan Balikan

Definisi :
(fungsi Hiperbola), Fungsi Sinus Hiperbola , Kosinus Hiperbola dan
Empat Fungsi
sejenis lainnya didefinisikan sebagai berikut :

Sinh x = (ex e-x)

Cosh x = (ex + e-x)

Tanh x =


Sech x =


Coth x =


Csch x =

Cosh2 x - sinh2x = 1

32
A. Turunan Fungsi Hiperbola
Dx =
=
=
=
=
=

B. Balikan Fungsi Hiperbola

= y =
= = x
= y =
= = Dan x

= ( + ) x

= ( + )
+
= <

+
= ( )


Dx =
+

= x
+

= < < 1


= 0<

8. Soal
A. Fungsi Logaritma Asli
1. Dx ln 2 5 + 3
2. Dx ln (4x3 x2 + 2x)3
2
3. dx
15+43
23
4. dx
20+34

33
 32
5. Tentukan dari a. y = ln
2

1+
b. y = ln 2
(+3)5

B. Fungsi eksponen asli

1. y = e3x + 5
2. y = e5x x
3. y = x5ex
4. y = ex3 ln x
5. y = ex + ln x
Selesaikan persamaan integral berikut
6. e5x+4 dx
3
1 2
7. 0 3 dx
2 + 4
8. ( 2 + 4 ) dx
2
2
9. 1 2 dx
3 + 2 + 5
10. (3 2 + 3 + 5)

C. Fungsi eksponen umum dan fungsi logaritma umum

3
1. Dx (8 )
3 +3
2. Dx (2x5 3)4 + 3
4
3. 5 3 dx
5 +12)
4. Dx log 2(
5. Dx (x4 + 5)Cos x
6. Dx (4x3 + 5x2 7x + 1)Sin x + 5
7. Dx log 10 e2x
8. 7(4+2) dx
9. (54 + 42 ) dx
8
10.
dx

34
D. Turunan Fungsi Trigonometri
1. Dx cos (4 3 +5)
2. Dx co 2 (10x)
2
3. Dx [ ]
1tan
4. Dx sin (10 4 + 5 3 + 10 2 + 2 + 8)
5. Dx cose 2 x
6. Dx 2 sec2 (x2 + 4)
7. Dx sin3 (x2 + 4)
8. Dx tan3 (7x)
9. Dx 7 cos2 x4
10. Dx 10 sin7 x2

E. Fungsi Trigonometri dan Turunan

1. Sin (2 1 (1/2))
2. Sin (2 co 1 ())
3. Dx 1 (4x-2)
4. Dx 1 ( 2 + 1)
1 1
5. 0 dx
1+ 2
1 1
6. 0 dx
1 2

F. Fungsi Hiperbola dan Balikan

1. Dx coth x (cos x)
2. Dx 2 (4 + 5)
3. Dx 1 (sin 3 )
4. Dx 2 (8 + 1)
5. coth x dx
6. Dx ( 1 ( 2 ))
7. Dx ( 1 ( 3 ))
8. Dx ( 1 ( 2 ))

35
9. Soal dan Pembahasan

A. Fungsi Logaritma Asli

1. Dx ln 2 5 + 3

Penyelesaian :

Dx ln 2 5 + 3 = Dx ( 2 5 + 3 )

1
= ln ( 2 5 + 3 )2
1
= Dx [ 2 2 5 + 3]

1 1
= 2
Dx ( 2 5 + 3)
2 5+3

1
= (2x 5)
2(2 5+3)

25
=
2 (2 5+3)

2. Tentukan Dx ln (4x3 - x2 + 2x)3

Penyelesaian :

Dx ln (4x3 - x2 + 2x)3 = Dx [ 3 ln (4x3 - x2 + 2x) ]

3
= Dx (4x3 - x2 + 2x)
(4x3 x2 + 2x)

3
= 12x2 - 2x + 2
(4x3 x2 + 2x)

3 (12x2 2x + 2)
=
(4x3 x2 + 2x)

36
 2
3. Tentukan dx
15+4 3

Penyelesaian :

Misal u = 15 + 4x3 du = 12x2 dx , dx =
12 2

2 2
15+4 3 dx = .
12 2
1
=
12

1
= ln u + c
12

1
= ln (15 + 4x3) + c
12

2 3
2. Tentukan dx
20+ 4

Penyelesaian :

Misal u = 20 + 3 4 du = 12x3 dx , dx =
12 3

2 3 2 3
dx = .
20+ 4 12 3
2
=
12

1
= ln u + c
6

1
= ln (20 + 34 ) + c
6

5. Tentukan dari :

32
a. y = ln
2

37
 1+
b. y = ln ( 2 )
(+3)5

Penyelesaian :

3 2
a. y = ln
2

ln 3 2 1
= ln ( )2
2

1 3 2
= 2 (ln )
2

1
= 2 [ ln ( 3 2) ln ( 2 )]

1
= 2 dx [ ln ( 3 2) ln ( 2 )]

1 1 1
=2[ dx (3 2) 2 dx (x)]
( 3 2)

1 3 2 2
=2[ ]
( 3 2)

1 3 2 () 2( 3 2)
= [ ]
2 ( 3 2)

1 3 3 2 3 + 4
=2[ ]
( 4 2)

1 3+ 4
=2[ ]
( 4 2)

3+ 4
=
(2 4 2)

1+
b. y = ln ( 2 )
(+3)5

2
y = ln ( 1 + ) ln ( + 3) 5

38
 1 2
y = ln ( + 1) 2 ln ( + 3) 5

1 2
= ln (1 + ) ln ( + 3)
2 5

1 2
= Dx [ 2 ln (1 + ) ln ( + 3)]
5

1 (1 + ) 2 ( + 3)
=
2 1+ 5 +3

1 1 2 (1)
= (1)
2 1+ 5 +3

1 2
=
2 (1 + ) 5 ( + 3)

B. Fungsi Ekspsonen Asli

1. = 3+5

Penyelesaian :

Dx y = Dx ( e3x + 5 )
= e3x + 5 Dx ( 3x + 5 )
= 3e3x + 5

3
2. = 5

Penyelesaian :
3
Dx y = Dx ( 5 )
3 3
= 5 Dx ( 5 )
3
= 5 ( 15 2 - 1)

2
3. y = 5

Penyelesaian :
2
Dx y = Dx ( 5 )
2
= Dx (uv) u = x5 , v =
2
= + = 5 4 , = 2

39
 2 2
Dx y = x5 (2 ) + . 5 4
2 2
= 2 5 + 5 4

3 ln
4. y =

Penyelesaian :
3
Dx y = Dx ( ln )
3
= ln Dx (x3 ln x) u = x3 , v = ln x
3 1
= ln Dx (uv) = 3 2 , =

3 ln ( + )
=
3 1
= ln (3 2 ln + 3 )

3 ln (3 2 ln + 2 )
=

5. y = ex + ln x

Penyelesaian :

Dx y = Dx (ex + ln x)

= ex + ln x Dx (x + ln x)
1
= ex + ln x (1 + )
+1
= ex + ln x ( )

Selesaikan persamaan integral :

6. 5+4 dx

Penyelesaian :

5+4 = . u = 5x + 5 du = 5 dx , dx = 5

= . 5

40
 1
5+4 = 5 eu + c

1
= 5 e5x + 4 + c

3
1 2
7. 0 3 dx

Penyelesaian :

3 3
Jika u = = 3 x2 du = 6 x3 dx , dx = du
2 6

Maka :
3
1 2 1
0 3 dx = 0 3 dx 63
1 =1
= 6 =0
3
1
= 6 2 |10
1 2 2
=
6
[ 3(1) 3(0) ]
1
= [ 3 1]
6
1 1
= 3 +
6 6
1
= ( 3 1)
6

2 + 4
8. (2 + 4) dx

Penyelesaian :

Misal :

u = x2 + 4x du = (2x + 4) dx , dx =
2+4
2 + 4
(2 + 4) dx = (2 + 4) 2+4

=
= + c
2 +4
= +c

41
 2
2
9. 1 2 dx

Penyelesaian:

Misal :
2
u = = 2 1

du = 2x2 dx

dx = 2 2

Maka :
2
2 =2
1 2 dx = dx
=1 2

=2
= =1 2
2 2

1 =2
= 2 =1

1 =2
= [ ]=1
2

2 2
1
= [ ]
2 1

1 2 2
= [ 2 1]
2

1 1
= + 2
2 2

3 + 2 +5
10. (3 2 + 2 + 5) dx

Penyelesaian:

Misal :
u = x3 + x2 + 5x
du = (3x2 + 2x + 5) dx

dx =
3 2 + 2+5

42
 Maka :
3 + 2 +5
(3 2 + 2 + 5) dx = (3 2 + 2 + 5) 3 2 + 2+5

= du
= eu + c
3 2
= + +5 + c

C. Fungsi Eksponen Umum dan Fungsi Logaritma Umum

3
1. Dx (8 )

Penyelesaian:
3 3 1
Dx (8 ) = 8 ln 8 ( 3 )
3 1
= 8 ln 8 3
3 3
3
8
= 3 ln 8
3 2

3 +3
2. Dx (2x5 3)4 + 3

Penyelesaian:
3 +3 3+ 3
Dx [(2 5 3)4 + 3 ] = 4 (2x5 3)3 Dx (2x5 3) + 3 ln 3 Dx (x2 + 3)
3 +3
= 10x4 . 4 (2x5 3)3 + 3 ln 3 (3x2)
3 +3
= 40x4 (2x5 3)3 + 3x2 . 3 ln 3

4
3. 5 3 dx

Penyelesaian:

Misal :
u = x4
du = (4x3) dx

dx = 4 3

Maka :
4
5 3 dx = 5 3 4 3

43
 4 1
5 3 dx = 4 5

1 1 4
= 5 + c
4 ln 5
4
5
= +c
4 ln 5

5 +12)
4. Dx log 2(

Penyelesaian:

5 +12) 1
Dx log 2( = Dx (x5 + 12)
( 5 +12) ln 2

5 4
=
( 5 +12) ln 2

5. Dx (x4 + 5)Cos x

Penyelesaian:

y = (x4 + 5)Cos x
Maka :
ln y = ln (x4 + 5)Cos x

= cos x ln (x4 + 5)

1
= Dx [cos ln( 4 + 5)]

= Dx (uv) u = cos x , v = l (x4 + 5)

1 1 4 3
= [ + ] = - sin x , = 4 +5 ( 4 + 5) =
4+ 5

1 4 3
= [ sin ln ( 4 + 5) + 4 +5 cos ]

4 3
= [ sin ln ( 4 + 5) + cos ] . y
4 +5

4 3
= [ sin ln( 4 + 5) + 4 +5 cos ] (x4 + 5)Cos x

44
6. Dx (4x3 + 5x2 7x + 1)Sin x + 5

Penyelesaian:

Misal :
y = (4x3 + 5x2 7x + 1)Sin x + 5
Maka :
ln y = ln (4x3 + 5x2 7x + 1)(Sin x + 5)

= Sin (x + 5) ln (4x3 + 5x2 7x + 1)

1
= Dx [sin( + 5) ln (4x 3 + 5x 2 7x + 1)]

= Dx (uv) u = Sin x + 5 , v = ln (4x3 + 5x2 7x + 1)

1 (4 3 + 5 2 7+1) 12 2 + 10+1
= [ + ] = , = =
4 3 + 5 2 7+1 4 3 + 5 2 7+1

1 12x2 + 10x 7
= ( cos x ( ln (4x3 + 5x 2 7x + 1)) + (Sin x + 5)
4 3 +5 2 7+1

12x2 + 10x 7
= [( cos x ( ln (4x3 + 5x 2 7x + 1)) + (Sin x + 5)] y
4 3 +5 2 7+1

12x2 + 10x 7
= [( cos x ln (4x3 + 5x 2 7x + 1) + (Sin x + 5)]
4 3 +5 2 7+1

(4x3 + 5x2 7x +1)Sin x + 5

7. Dx log 10 e2x

Penyelesaian:

1
log =

1
Dx log 10 e2x = Dx (2x)
2 ln 10
1
= (2)
2 ln 10
2
=
2 ln 10

45
8. 7(4+2) dx

Penyelesaian:

Misal :
u = 4x + 2
du = 4 dx

dx = 4

Maka :

7(4+2) dx = 7 4

1 7
= +C
4 ln 7

74+2
= +C
4 ln 7

9. (54 + 42 ) dx

Penyelesaian:

(54 + 42 ) = 54 dx + 42 dx u = 4x , v = 2x

1 1
= 4 5 + 4 = 4 dx , d = 2 dx
2

1 5 1 4
= dx = , dx =
4 ln 5 2 ln 4 4 2

54 4 2
= +
4 ln 5 2 ln 4

8
10. dx

Penyelesaian:

Misal:
1
= = ()2
1 1
= ()2 =
2 2

46
 = 2
8 8
dx = 2

= 2 8

2
= 8 +
ln 8

2
= 8 +
ln 8

D. Turunan Fungsi Trigonometri

1. Dx cos (4 3 +5)

Penyelesaian :

Dx cos (4 3 +5) = -sin (4 3 +5) Dx (4 3 +5)

= -12 2 sin (4 3 +5)

2. Dx co 2 (10x)

Penyelesaian :

Dx cot x = 2

Dx co 2 (10x) = 2 cot2-1 (10x) Dx cot (10x)

= 2 cot (10x) -cose 2 (10x).Dx(10)
= -2 cot (10x) cose 2 (10x).10
= -20 cot (10x) cose 2 (10x)

2
3. Dx 1tan dx

Penyelesaian :

u = co 2 x

u = 2co x Dx(co ) = - 2 cos x sin x

v = 1-tan x

47
 v = se 2

2
Dx 1tan dx = dx [. ]

=
2

(2 cos sin ) (1 tan ) ( 2 ) 2

=
(1 tan )2

2 cos sin + 2 cos sin + tan 2 2

=
(1+ )2

sin 2 + sin 2 tan 2 2

=
(1 + )2

4. Dx sin (10 4 + 5 3 + 10 2 + 2 + 8)

Penyelesaian:

Jika:

sin () = (104 + 53 + 102 + 2 + 8)

Dx sin f(x) = Dx sin f(x) Dx (f(x))

= Dx sin (10 4 + 5 3 + 10 2 + 2 + 8)

= cos(104 + 53 + 102 + 2 + 8) (104 + 53 + 102 + 2 + 8)

= cos (10 4 + 5 3 + 10 2 + 2x+8) (40 3 + 15 2 + 20 + 7)

= (40 3 + 15 2 + 20 + 7) cos (10 4 + 5 3 + 10 2 + 2 + 8)

5. Dx cose 2 (x)

Penyelesaian:

Dx 2 x = 2 cosec2-1 (x) Dx cosec (x)

= 2 cosec (x) (-cosec x . cot x)
= -2 cosec2 x. cot x

48
6. Dx 2 sec2 (x2 + 4)

Penyelesaian :

Dx 2 sec2 (x2 + 4) = 2.2 sec2-1(x2 + 4) Dx sec (x2 + 4)

= 4 sec (x2 + 4) sec (x2 + 4) tan (x2 + 4) Dx (x2 + 4)
= 4 2 (x 2 + 4) tan (x 2 + 4) (2x)
= 8x sec (x2 + 4) (tan (x2 + 4)

7. Dx sin3 (x2 + 4)

Penyelesaian :

Dx sin3 (x2 + 4) = 3 sin3-1 (x2 + 4) Dx sin (x2 + 4)

= 3 sin (x2 + 4) (cos (x2 + 4)) Dx (x2 + 4)
= 3 sin (x2 + 4) cos (x2 + 4) (2x)
= 6x sin (x2 + 4) cos (x2 + 4)

8. Dx tan3 (7x)

Penyelesaian :

Dx tan x = 2
Dx tan3 (7x) = 3 tan3-1 (7x) Dx tan (7x)
= 3 tan2 (7x) sec2 (7x) Dx (7x)
= 3 tan2 (7x) (sec2 7x) (7)
= 21 (tan 7x) (sec2 7x)

9. Dx [7 cos2 x4]

Penyelesaian :
Dx cos x = - sin x
Dx 7 cos2 f(x) = 7 . 2 cos2-1 (x4) Dx cos(x4)
= 14 cos (x4) Dx cos (x4)
= 14 cos (x4) (sin x4) Dx (x4)
= 14 cos (x4) (-sin x4) (4x3)
= 56x3 cos x4 -sin x4

49
10. Dx 10 sin7 x2

Penyelesaian:

Dx 10 sin7 x2 = 10 . 7 sin7-1 (x) Dx sin(x2)

= 70 sin6 (x2) cos (x2)dx (x2)
= 70 sin6 x2 cos x2 (2x)
= 140 x (sin6 x2) (cos x2)

E. Fungsi Trigonometri dan Turunan

1. Sin (2 1 (1/2))

Penyelesaian :

Misal : 2 + 2 = 1

2 = 1 - 2
= 1 2
= 1 x = cos
sin = sin ( 1 ) 1 2 = 1 2
cos = cos ( 1 ) = x
Sin 2 = 2 sin cos
Sin (2 1 x) = 2 sin ( 1 ) cos ( 1 )

= 2 1 2 . x

= 2x 1 2

1 1 12
Sin (2 cos-1(2) ) = 2(2) 1 2

1
= 1. 1 4

3
=
4

1
= 3
2

50
2. Sin (2co 1 ())

Penyelesaian:
Misal : 2 + 2 = 1

2 = 1 2

sin = 1 2 cos = 1 2

= cos 1 = cos

sin = sin (cos1 )

= 1 2 = 1 2

cos = cos (cos 1 ) =

Sin 2 = 2 sin cos

Sin (2 co 1 ()) = 2 sin (cos 1 ) cos (cos1 )

= 21 2 . x

= 2x 1 2

= 2(x) 1 ()2

= 2x 1 3

3. Dx 1 (4x-2)

Penyelesaian :
1
Dx 1 (x) = Dx f(x)
1 2

1
Dx 1 ( 4x-2) = Dx (4x-2)
1(42)2

4
=-
1(42)2

51
4. Dx 1 ( 2 + 1 )

Penyelesaian:
1
Dx 1 () = Dx f (x)
1+ 2

1
Dx 1 ( 2 + 1 ) = Dx ( 2 + 1 )
1+( 2 +1)2

1 1
= Dx ( 2 + 1)2
1+ 2 +1

1
= ( 2 +1)1/2 Dx (2 + 1)
2+ 2

1 1 1
= 2 + 2 [ 2 ( 2 + 2)2 (2x)]

1 1
= 2+ 2 [ . 2x]
2 2 + 1

2
=
2 ( 2 + 2) 2 + 1

1 1
5. 0 1+ 2
dx

Penyelesaian:

1 1
0 dx = [ 1 ]10
1+ 2
= [ 1 (1) 1 (0)]

= 40

=
4

1 1
6. 0 1 2
dx

Penyelesaian :

1 1
0 dx = [ 1 ]10
1 2

= [ 1 (1) 1 (0)]

52
 1 1
0 dx = 0
1 2 2

=
2

F. Fungsi Hiperbola dan Balikan

1. Dx coth x (cos x)

Penyelesaian :

Dx coth x = - 2
Dx coth (cos x) = -2 Dx cos x
= (- sin x) ( 2 (cos x))
= (sin x) 2 (cos x)

2. Dx 2 (4 2 + 5)

Penyelesaian:

Dx 2 = 2
Dx 2 (4 2 + 5) = 2 sinh (4 2 + 5) Dx sinh (4 2 + 5)
= 2 sinh (4 2 + 5) cosh ((4 2 + 5) Dx(4 2 + 5)
= 2 sinh ((4 2 + 5).cosh (4 2 + 5) . 8x
= 16x sinh (4 2 + 5).cosh (4 2 + 5)

3. Dx tanh (sin 2 )

Penyelesaian :

Dx tanh x = 2

Dx tanh ( 2 ) = 2 ( 2 ) Dx ( 2 )

= 2 ( 2 ) cos 2 Dx ( 2 )
= cos 2 2 ( 2 ) (2x)
= 2x cos 2 2 ( 2 )

53
4. Dx 2 (8 + 1)

Penyelesaian :

Dx cosh x = sinh x
Dx 2 (8 + 1) = 3 31( 8x+1) Dx cosh (8x+1)
= 3 2 (8 + 1). sinh(8 + 1) (8 + 1)
= 3 2 (8 + 1). sinh(8 + 1)(8)
= 24 2 (8 + 1). sinh(8 + 1)

5. coth

Penyelesaian :

Misal : u = sinh x

du = cosh x

dx =
cosh
cosh
Coth x =
sinh
cosh
coth = sinh dx

=

= ln u
= ln ( sinh x) + c

6. Dx 1 ( 2 )

Penyelesaian :

y = 1 2 2 2 = 1

2 = 1 + 2

= 2 1

Cosh y = 1 + 2

2 = cosh y
2x = sinh y Dx y

54
 2
Dx y = sinh sinh y = 2 1
2
Dx y =
2 1

2
Dx 1 ( 2 ) =
( 2 )2 1
2
=
4 1

7. Dx ( 1 ( 3 ))

Penyelesaian :

y = 1 3
3 = sinh y
3 2 = cosh y Dx y 2 2 = 1

3 2
Dx y = cosh cosh y = 1 + 2

3 2
Dx y =
1+2

3 2
=
1+( 3 )2

3 2
=
1+ 6

Sumber Pustaka
Edwin J. Purcell. Dale Varberg. 1987. Kalkulus dan Geometri Analitis. Jilid 1,
4.ed. Penerbit Erlangga.

Frank Ayres, JR. 1972. Kalkulus. 2.ed. Penerbit Erlangga.

HM. Hasyim Baisuni. Kalkulus. Penerbit Universitas Indonesia.

KA. Stroud. Matematika untuk Teknik. ed.3 Penerbit Erlangga Jakarta.

Moch. Chotimdan Cholid. 1983. Matematika untuk Perguruan Tinggi. PT Bina

Ilmu, Surabaya.

Sri Rejeki, D.P. 1999. Integral .1.ed.PT. Rineka Cipta Jakarta

Wardiman. HitungIntegral. Penerbit Hanindita Offset. Yogyakarta

55