Matematika
Sekolah Dasar
Nama : ............................................................
Sekolah : .........................................................
Alamat : ..........................................................
DAFTAR ISI
BAB 1. BILANGAN
BAB BILANGAN
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Perkalian ( × ) Pembagian ( : )
+ dikali + = + + dibagi + = +
+ dikali - = - + dibagi - = -
- dikali + = - - dibagi + = -
- dikali - = + - dibagi - = +
C. MENENTUKAN AKAR
Sebelum mengetahui cara menetukan akar, silakan hafalkan bilangan pangkat berikut.
Cara mencari akar dua atau akar tiga ialah sebagai berikut.
(a) Pertama, lihat angka terakhir dari bilangan tersebut. Kemudian dikira-kira, berapa
dikali berapa yang hasilnya sama seperti angka terakhir bilangan tersebut.
(b) Kedua, lihat angka pertama dari bilangan tersebut, lalu bulatkan angka setelahnya
menjadi nol. Kemudian dikira-kira, berapa puluh dikali berapa puluh yang
hasilnya sama atau tidak melebihi dari angka yang telah dibulatkan tadi.
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(c) Ketiga, jika pada cara pertama terdapat dua kemungkinan jawaban, berarti silakan
diperiksa kebenaran salah satunya dengan cara mengalikan bilangan tersebut.
D. SKALA
𝐽𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑘 𝑝𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑝𝑒𝑡𝑎 𝐽𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑘 𝑝𝑒𝑡𝑎 Jarak pada peta = skala × jarak
Skala = Jarak sebenarnya = sebenarnya
𝐽𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑘 𝑠𝑒𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑦𝑎 𝑠𝑘𝑎𝑙𝑎
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A. PENGUKURAN PANJANG
Tambahan:
Setiap turun 1 tangga, tanda
koma dalam bilangan desimal
menjadi mundur;
Setiap naik 1 tangga, tanda
koma dalam bilangan desimal
menjadi maju;
B. PENGUKURAN BERAT
Kw = kwintal
Ton
Kw
...
C. PENGUKURAN WAKTU
D. PENGUKURAN JUMLAH
E. PENGUKURAN LUAS
Satuan luas ada dua, yaitu satuan are (a) dan satuan meter persegi (m2).
1 ca = 1 m2
1 a = 1 dam2 = 100 m2
1 ha = 1 hm2 = 10.000 m2
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F. SATUAN VOLUME
Satuan volume ada dua, yaitu satuan liter (ℓ) dan meter kubik (m3).
kℓ = kiloliter
Naik hℓ = hektoliter
daℓ = dekaliter
ℓ = liter
dℓ = desiliter
cℓ = centiliter
Turun mℓ = mililiter
1 mℓ = 1 cm3 = 1 cc
1 ℓ = 1 dm3 = 1000 cm3
Turun
𝐽𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑘 𝐽𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑘
Jarak = kecepatan × waktu Kecepatan = Waktu =
𝑊𝑎𝑘𝑡𝑢 𝐾𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑛
H. DEBIT
Tabung 2 × π × r × (r+t) π × r2 × t
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Bola 4 × π × r2 × π × r3
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1
Prisma Segi Tiga t.s × [a.s + (3 × t)] × a.s × t.s × t
2
1
Limas Segi Empat Luas alas + 4 × Luas sisi × luas alas × t
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Keterangan untuk bangun prisma segi tiga
a.s = alas segitiga
t.s = tinggi segitiga
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BAB
3 PENGOLAHAN DATA
MEAN atau RATA-RATA adalah data yang dihitung dari jumlah keseluruhan
data dibagi dengan banyaknya data untuk menentukan sama banyak (berimbang
jumlahnya).
𝑱𝒖𝒎𝒍𝒂𝒉 𝑵𝒊𝒍𝒂𝒊 𝑫𝒂𝒕𝒂
Rumus Rata-Rata =
𝑩𝒂𝒏𝒚𝒂𝒌𝒏𝒚𝒂 𝑫𝒂𝒕𝒂
MEDIAN adalah nilai tengah. Cara untuk mencari median dari suatu data adalah
dengan mengurutkan data dari yang terkecil ke yang terbesar, kemudian cari data
yang ada di tengah. Jika data berjumlah ganjil, nilai median langsung ketemu.
Jika data berjumlah genap, nilai mediannya adalah jumlah kedua data yang ada
di tengah lalu dibagi dua. Contoh data berjumlah genap: 6, 6, 7, 7, 7, 7, 8, 8, 9, 9.
7+7
Mediannya adalah: dua data yang berada di tengah = =7
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B. DIAGRAM LINGKARAN
Soal yang sering muncul yang berkaitan dengan diagram lingkaran adalah
mencari data dari diagram tersebut. Untuk mencarinya, maka harus dipahami dahulu
tentang besaran sudut (jika diagram menggunakan sudut) atau besaran persentase (jika
diagram menggunakan persen).
(1). Cara Mencari Data dari Diagram (2). Cara Mencari Data dari Diagram
yang Menggunakan Sudut yang Menggunakan Persentase
𝐵𝑒𝑠𝑎𝑟 𝑆𝑢𝑑𝑢𝑡 𝐵𝑒𝑠𝑎𝑟 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠𝑒
× 360o 𝐽𝑢𝑚𝑙𝑎ℎ 𝐷𝑎𝑡𝑎
× 100%
𝐽𝑢𝑚𝑙𝑎ℎ 𝐷𝑎𝑡𝑎
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CATATANKU
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CATATANKU
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